















                         

                     O R A C L E


                  ORACLE RDBMS VERSION 6.0

㪮⢮    ORACLE  6.0  No. 3601 - V6.0
 1988 (ᬮ७: ५ 1989)


 ।: Shelly Dimmick
: Sanjay Bulchandani, Dwight Cheu, Dennis Cochran,
Elli Faden, Tom Grayson, Chris Harmon, Mike Hartstein, Forrest
Howard, Derry Kabcenell, Ken Jacobs, Andy Laursen, David Martin,
Andrew Mendelsohn, Suzanne Mitchell, Mark Moore, Stephen
Ruppenthal, Kevin Wharton, Mary Winslow.

  ᯮ짮, 㡫஢  ⨥  ஭ ࠢ⥫⢠ 稭
࠭祭    ᪮  ணࠬ ᯥ祭,  ணࠬ 
業஢   ࠭祭묨 ࠢ  ᭮ 䥤ࠫ쭮
⥫⢠.

    ORACLE, Easy*SQL, Pro*Ada, Pro*COBOL, Pro*Fortran, Pro*PL/I,
    Pro*Pascal, SQL*Calc, SQL*Forms, SQL*Graph, SQL*Loader,
    SQL*Menu, SQL*Net  SQL*Plus  ॣ஢묨
    ࣮묨 ઠ Oracle Corporation.
    Pro*C, SQL*DBA  SQL*QMX  ࣮묨 ઠ Oracle Corporation.
    ॢ  ᪨ : 蠪 ..   ५ 1991.



     㬥 뢠 ᮡ  ࠬ ᮯ஢ ⥬
ࠢ  ५樮   ORACLE (RDBMS).   - 
⥫  ⠫  ࠡ  ⥬  ORACLE,   ⠪ 㬥  
ந ⥬  ᮪ ந⥫쭮  ᯥ 
᫮.  ଠ  ।⠢    祡 ᮡ, ⠪ 
ࠢ筨.

    ଠ ⮣  㪮⢠ ਬ ᨨ 6 ORACLE RDBMS   樥
ࠡ⪨ ࠭権,  ⠪     ࠡ饩   樮 ⥬
 ᫥騬 ࠭祭ﬨ:
    *     ⥬  樥 ࠡ⪨ ࠭権   , ⥬
뢠   㪮⢥:  ORACLE,   6, V6  ORACLE RDBMS.


                                    -- 1 --



    *   ଠ ⭮   ORACLE V6 c 樥 ࠡ⪨
࠭権  ⮫쪮  ⥬  ⮩  樨.  ⢥騥 ࠧ
ᯥ樠쭮  ਢ.

    *   ଠ   ᨬ  樮 ⥬,
 । ன ࠡ⠥ ORACLE RDBMS.  ࠧ ⠪ ⬥,  ⠪
 뫪  "㪮⢮ 짮⥫  ⠫樨"  ⭮
樮 ⥬, ਬ - "㪮⢮ 짮⥫  ⠫樨 
IBM MVS"  "㪮⢮ 짮⥫  ⠫樨  DEC VAX/VMS".

    *  ଠ樨 ⭮ ⮫쪮    짮⥫᪨ ⥬
ORACLE      ਬ  짮⥫᪨ ⥬ (PC-DOS, MS-DOS). 
ࠧ ⠪ ⬥祭, ⮡   ய ⥫, ࠡ騥 
짮⥫᪨ ⥬.

㤨
     㪮⢮  ।砥 짮⥫, ⢥⢥  㭪樮-
஢ ORACLE RDBMS.   , 뢠 ࠬ   (DBA),
। ⢥⢥묨  ஢,   㭪樮஢ ORACLE
RDBMS   ᫥  ᯮ짮.    ⢥⢥
DBA 뢠   2.   饬 砥  ஫  DBA -   짮⥫
ORACLE  ਪ ணࠬ    - ࠡ ⨬쭮.

᫨    ।  ⠫
       ਢ   ⠫樨  ⥬ ORACLE 
  㬥 -  㪮⢮  ⠫樨,  ᮤন ଠ,
⭮  , 㯭  ⠫樨. ᫨   ⠫,
  ᮮ⢥饬 襩 樮 ⥬ "㪮 짮
    *  1         ⠪ ORACLE ?
    *  3          ORACLE RDBMS
    *  13       ࢮ砫쭮 ᮧ 
    *  14         ⠭ 
    * ਫ    ⪮    ᨨ V6.0
    * ਫ    ࠢ筨  SQL*DBA
    * ਫ D   ࠬ 䠩 INIT.ORA

    ଠ   ࠧ     ORACLE    ᢮ "㪮⢥
짮⥫  ⠫樨".

᫨  ࠧࠡ稪 ਪ ணࠬ
    ஬ ஢    ଠ ⮣ 㪮⢠  
ᥡ   짮⥫   ࠧࠡ稪 ਪ ⥬.  
짮⥫  ଠ  ᫥ :
    *  10       ࠡ⪠ SQL - ஢
    *  11       ࠢ ࠭ﬨ
    *  12       ⨢稢  ࠫ쭠 ࠡ⪠
    *  19       襭 䥪⨢ ਫ

, 室 ⥫
    ।   ⥫  ⮣ 㪮⢠  ।⠢ ᥡ
楯樨 ORACLE RDBMS     ࠡ    ORACLE.
      ᢮ த,   ଠ  筮
⥯ ⠫樨.

    ஬ ⮣ ।,   ⥫ ᢮ ࠡ   樮
⥬,  । ன ࠡ⠥ ORACLE.



                                    -- 2 --



⪮    ᨨ 6
     ।⠢  ⪨ ᯨ᮪  ORACLE RDBMS V6  ࠢ 
।騬 ﬨ.     뢠騩  ᯨ᮪,  ஡ 
 ᠭ  ਫ .

    * ஢  ஢ ப  -    㬠稢  ० ORACLE Version  6
 樥 ࠡ⪨ ࠭権.   ⥬  ⮩ 樨 ஢
믮    ᨨ 5.

    * ⥬ ORACLE  樥 ࠡ⪨ ࠭権 ᯥ稢 䥩 
PL/SQL  - 楤 ७ 몠 SQL.

    * ⥬  ORACLE 砥  ᥡ  ᮡ online - ࠡ⪨
࠭権, ⠪  ᢥ   믮-  commit 
ᮢ襭⢮ ୠ.

    *   ⨫ SQL*DBA ন 㭪樨 ᮯ஢, ⠪ :
ᮧ  ,     ⠭  , ⠭, १ࢭ
஢ (backup),  ⠪ - ਭ ⥬.

    * ᫥        ⢫
७  ࠢ ᯮ짮   ஢ 짮⥫ 
ꥪ⮢ .
    *     ᪮஢  ⠭ ࠡ
    *      ॢ  offline,   ६ 
      ⠢  த ࠡ.
    *   樨  㭨 祩 짮⥫  ਬ
      ᫥⥫쭮
    *   饭  ᫮ . ন  ,
      ⠪    ᫮.
    *  প 樮 몮 祭  ࠬ  㭪樨.
    *    ⥫쭮   ᮢ㯭 ᯮ/
    * ⨫ ODL (Oracle Data Loader)   SQL*Loader.

  SQL
     몠 SQL ௥  ᨨ 6  . 
"ࠢ筮 㪮   SQL"   ᠭ  .  
।⠢       몥:
    *       ᮧ,    ⬥  ,
      ᫥⥫쭮⥩,  ᥣ⮢ ⪠    ⠡ ࠭.
    * COMMIT  ROLLBACK ⥯ ⠫ SQL - ࠬ
    *   SAVEPOINT
    *  ⪠ (rollback)  ⪠  訡 SQL -  ⥯
      믮  ஢ ,   ࠭樨.
    *   ⨢஢ ᮣᮢ ⥭  ᪮쪨
      ஢, ᯮ SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY.
    * ஢   ,  ᮡ - 易  ᯥ䨪樥
        ० ஢.
    *   CHAR  VARCHAR ࠪ  ;  ,
      ᯥ஢  CHAR   ᫮   VARCHAR.
    * -     ५ , 易 
      ﬨ  ࠭⢠ (  ⠡묨 ࠭⢠).
    *   CREATE SEQUENCE  ᯮ짮  । ᫥-
      ⥫쭮⥩,     ⮬᪨   ਨ 㭨
        뢠 ᥫ.  ᬮ  ஢ 祭
      祩 ᯮ  ᥢ-⮫ CURVAL  NEXTVAL.
    * ७ ࠢ ᨭ⠪ ন,   
      易⥫.

                                    -- 3 --



 㣨 ᫮, ⥫쭠 ଠ   ᫮ , 
 ᯮ  ஢ન ࠢ쭮 .  ⠫  ᬮ 
"ࠢ筮 㪮⢥   SQL".

    *  । প 樮  몮     㭪樨:
      CONVERT  REPLACE.
    *   祭  (null)      ஢ 
      ⠭   -  뢠.

⢥ 㡫樨
    ᫥⢨ ⮣,     㬥 뢠  ⥬ ORACLE,
ࠡ   樮 ⥬,  室  
㬥樨,  ᮤঠ饩  ᢥ  ⭮⥫쭮 ⭮ 樮
⥬ (筮  "⥭  ॠ樨 ⥬"   "㪮⢠
짮⥫    ⠫樨").  ਬ:
    * "ORACLE  IBM VM/SP. 㪮⢮ 짮⥫  ⠫樨",
Oracle Part No. 1003
    * "ORACLE  DEC VAX/VMS. 㪮⢮ 짮⥫  -
樨", Oracle Part No. 1001
     ᫥饩  ࠬ  ᭮  ,  ⭮-
  ⠫樨  ஢ ⥬ ORACLE.
 Ŀ
 ଠ  -      ଠ      ଠ        
 樮 ⥬       RDBMS  -        SQL           
  RDBMS                ⠬                                     
                        Ŀ Ŀ 
   (       㪮⢮ -             
      ⥩ -              SQL          
      ⥬                              
     ⥬)                                                
                         Part No. 3601-V6.0   No. 19464-0188  
  Ŀ       
    ⥭       Ŀ Ŀ 
    ॠ樨         ⨫ ORACLE       㪮⢮     
    ⥬            㪮⢮ -    짮⥫  
        ⥫              SQL       
                                                             
          v              Part No. 3602-V6.0   No. 5070-V6.0   
  Ŀ       
                      Ŀ Ŀ 
    㪮⢠        㪮⢮  -   ࠢ筮      
    짮⥫          -   㪮⢮   
     ⠫樨      饭  訡-     SQL       
                                                         
                                                            
        Part No. 3605-V6.0   Part No. 778    
                          
                        Ŀ                    
                         㪮⢮  -                     
                         ன ந-                     
                         ⥫쭮 ORACLE                       
                         RDBMS                                  
                                                                
                         Part No. 5317-V6.0                     
                                            
 
襭, ᯮ㥬   㪮⢥
  㪮⢥ ਭ ᫥騥 ᮣ襭:

                                    -- 4 --



⠪     祭  SQL  ⨫ SQL*DBA ᯮ
             ᫥騩 :
             SELECT * FROM EMP

孨 -  㪠뢠 ᫮  ࠧ,   -
         筮 ⠪,  ᠭ,   - 樮 ⥬
              ᪠    㪢,  ⠪ - ᬥ蠭
             ᠭ.   "㪮 짮⥫  ⠫樨"
              襩 樮 ⥬ ⮡ ᭨,   
             "ॣ⢨⥫쭮"

         ய᭮  । ᫥饥:
             * 
             * १ࢨ஢  祢 ᫮ SQL
             *  ⠡  ⮫殢, ਢ  ਬ
             *  䠩  ਬ

         饬 砥,  SQL  SQL*DBA   ய묨, ⠪ 
        묨 ᨬ.

 ॣ 㪠뢠 ६,     ⠢
             ᮮ⢥饥 祭, ਬ -  䠩  .
 ᪮ - 㪠뢠 易⥫ ࠬ  祢 ᫮ [].
 ᪮ - 㪠뢠  ࠬ஢  祢 ᫮   
                     ࠭ {}.
⨪쭠  - ࠧ ୠ⨢ ਠ | .
稥 - 㪠뢠  ७ ।饣 .    
             ந쭮 ᫮ ⠪ ⮢.
㣠 㭪 -   㣫 ᪮    .
 䠩 -  묨 㪢, ਬ - INIT.ORA.  
            䠩 .. ।⠢   ᨬ  ॣ,
            ਬ:  SGADEFx.ORA.  樮 ⥬ ࠪ
             䠩 ॣ஧ᨬ;  筮 ଠ樥  
            "㪮 짮⥫  ⠫樨". ७  䠩
            । 窨, ਬ: .ORA,  襩 樮 ⥬
             ᯮ짮 㣮 ࠧ⥫.

      SQL*DBA  ࠧ祭   SQL - -
SQL*DBA     ஢ । ਣ襭 ⨫:

            SQLDBA> MONITOR USERS

SQL -  ࠬ 몠 SQL ਣ襭  ।:
            SELECT * FROM EMP

         砭 ਢ

      讥 祭  砭   짮⥫ ORACLE, ⠪
  ⥫ ⮣ 㪮⢠.  ᠭ, ॢ  ࠧ⨨ 㬥-
樨   -   ଠ,   砥.  
 㪮⢠ ਫ "ଠ 뢠 짮⥫",    
ᯮ짮  ᠭ ⮣,    ࠢ   ࠢ 
 ( 㣨) 㪮⢠  ORACLE.

    ᫨  ଠ 㦥 ᯮ짮,    㯨    ⠪,
  ⥫䮭 (415)598-8000    :  ORACLE RDBMS
                     Product Manager Oracle Corporation 20 Davis Drive Belmont,
                     California 94002

                                    -- 5 --




    

  1    ORACLE ?..............................
        祬 ५樮 ?..............................
        祬 ࠭  ORACLE ?......................
         ⠪  ࠡ⪨ ࠭樨 ?............
         SQL..........................................
          .........................................
           㫨஢  묨 (DML).......
           ।  (DDL)..............
           ࠢ 묨 (DCL)..............
        PL/SQL: ७ SQL............................
        ⥬ ࠢ ५樮   ORACLE
          㣨 த ORACLE..........................
        䨪 ᨩ ணࠬ த⮢ ORACLE.
           ᨨ....................................
           ᮯ஢............................
          ஢ ।樨................................
          ⥬ᨬ  ᮯ஢...........
          ⥬ᨬ ஢ ।樨..............
         ⠪ ⥬ ࠢ   ORACLE ?
           ⠪   ORACLE....................
           ⠪  ORACLE......................
           ࠧ塞묨 ᪠................
        ।  ........................

  2      (DBA).
         ⠪   ?..............
        ᭮ 易 DBA..........................
          DBA  樮 ⥬..........
        ⠭  짮⥫  DBA...........
          짮⥫ SYS................................
          짮⥫ SYSTEM.............................
            INTERNAL........................
        ਢ DBA....................................
        㬥⠫ ।⢠ DBA  ணࠬ SQL*DBA.

 3    ORACLE RDBMS..................
        ᪨  ᪨ .................
        ணࠬ 䠩 ORACLE RDBMS....................
          .................................
          ⢮ 䠩  ...................
           䠩  .......................
            䠩  .................
              ﭨ Online  Offline.
           䠩  .....................
        ࠢ騥 䠩.................................
          ঠ ࠢ 䠩...................
          ⢮ ࠢ 䠩...................
           ࠢ 䠩.....................
           ࠢ 䠩......................
         ୠ ୮ 믮...............
            ଠ樨  ୠ ୮ 믮
          ঠ 䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮..
          롮 ०   ୠ....................
            ᯮ짮 ୠ ୮ 믮  ० NOARCHIVELOG
            ᯮ짮 ୠ ୮ 믮  ० ARCHIVELOG

                                    -- 6 --



          䨣஢ 䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮
           䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮.....
          ⢮ 䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮.
          ஫ 窨...............................

 4      ...............
         ࠭⢠............................
            䠩   ⠡묨 ࠭⢠
          筮 ࠭⢮ SYSTEM...................
          ᯮ짮 ᪮쪨 ⠡ ࠭..
          ⢥⢨ 짮⥫  ⠡ ࠭
          ࠢ ⠡  ⠡ ࠭⢠
           ࠭⢠  ﭨ online  offline
             ࠭⢠  ﭨ offline
              , 室騬  offline
            ⠭ ⠡ ࠭, 室  offline
            䠩  ⠡筮 ࠭
          ⥭
          ࠬ  ᥣ⮢
           ࠬ      ?
           । ⥭ ?.
           ᢮ ⥭ ?
           .......
         ⪠ (rollback)......
           ⪠ SYSTEM.........
          ᪮쪮 ᥣ⮢ ⪠....
          ঠ ᥣ ⪠....
           । ᥣ ⨢ ࠭
           ॡ ଠ ⪠
           ᥣ⮢ ⪠..........
            騥 ᥣ ⪠...
            騥 ᥣ ⪠..........
             ᥣ ⪠.........
          ᢥ ᥣ ⪠........
        ६ ᥣ.................
          樨, 㦤騥  ६ ᥣ
           । ६ ᥣ
         ࢮ砫쭮 㧪

 5    .
        ........................
            ᮧ ⠡ ?
           ⠡ ࠭  ..
        ଠ  ............
              ᯮ짮     ?
          祭 PCTFREE.............................
          祭 PCTUSED.............................
          롮 祭 PCTUSED  PCTFREE...............
        ଠ ப....................................
          䨪 ப (ROWID)...................
        ...........................................
        ..........................................
          ,   譨 .................
            㭨 ..............
          ⠢ ...............................
             ᮧ  ?................
           ⮫   ஢ ?.........
           ...............................

                                    -- 7 --



          ଠ  ..........................
          쪮 ᮢ   ⠡ ?.........
            浪 ᯮ ⮫   ?
            ⠡筮 ࠭⢥   ᮧ  ?
          ७  ᮢ..................
          ஢ઠ ᮢ..............................
            ࠪ  (null) 祭....
        .........................................
           ..................................
           ................................
           ஢.............................
          롮 ⠡  ......................
          롮 ⮫殢  ....................
          SIZE...........................................
          롮 PCTUSED  PCTFREE........................
         ....................
          ᬮ ᫥⥫쭮⥩...................
           ᫥⥫쭮....................
            ஢ ᫥⥫쭮⥩ ஢  NEXTVAL
            ᯮ짮 ᫥⥫ ஢  CURRVAL...
            ࠭祭  NEXTVAL  CURRVAL...................
          ⥫   ᫥⥫쭮⥩.......
          ࠬ INIT.ORA, 騥  ᫥⥫쭮...

 6    ORACLE
        CHAR  VARCHAR....................................
        NUMBER............................................
          ᯮ짮 ⠡  筮...............
          ७ ᫮ ଠ......................
          DATE...................................
          ᯮ짮   ᪮ .......
          LONG...................................
          ࠭祭   ⨯ LONG.................
          RAW LONG  RAW........................
         ࠭ 祭 NULL........................
          DB2  SQL/DS..........................
          ANSI..................................
        ᥢ -  ROWID.............................
           祣 ᯮ ROWID ?...................
          ਬ ᯮ짮 ROWID.....................
        ८ࠧ .............................

 7   ...................................
          ⠪ -   ?...................
         "" (dictionary)......................
           ...........................
           ᫮ ...................
          ..........................
            䨪ᮬ USER.........................
            䨪ᮬ ALL..........................
            䨪ᮬ DBA..........................
          ANSI - ᮢ⨬ .......................
          㣨 ...................................
         ᮧ ᫮  ?....................
         ᯮ ᫮  ?.................
          ஢  ᫮  ᪮७ 㯠
          㣨 ணࠬ  ᫮ ...............
            ⮢  ᫮ .....

                                    -- 8 --



           ⮢ ᫮ ...............
          騥 ᨭ  ஢ ᫮ .......
         ᪮ 䥪⨢................

 8    ORACLE..........................
         ORACLE ᯮ  .....................
         ணࠬ .........................
        System Global Area (SGA)..........................
        Program Global Area (PGA).........................
         ⥪.................................
             ⢮ ஢..........................
              ...............................

 9    ORACLE.......................
         ⠪  ?...............................
         ᮢ ⥬ ORACLE.....................
        筠  姠筠 ⥬ ORACLE........
          짮⥫᪨ .......................
           ORACLE.............................
          姠 ORACLE  ⥭ ..........
            ORACLE
           ORACLE...........................
           ORACLE..........................
            ORACLE.........................
            Database Writer (DBWR)........................
            Log Writer (LGWR).............................
            System Monitor (SMON).........................
            Process Monitor (PMON)........................
            Archiver (ARCH)...............................
        ணࠬ 䥩.............................
           ணࠬ 䥩...............
          ࠩ ணࠬ 䥩................
          ணࠬ ᯥ祭 裡 樮 ⥬

 10  SQL - .......................

          ᥡ ।⠢ SQL -  ?.........
           ⥪.......................
        ⮩ ਬ 믮 SQL - .........
        ᯮ짮 ஢  ୮ 믮 ஢
        ࠡ⪠  (⠫쭮)....................
          ⨥  ⨥ ஢....................
          ⠪᪨ ࠧ ஢................
          뢠 ६...........................
          ᠭ १⮢............................
          । 室..............................
          믮......................................
        ࠡ⪠ ஢ DDL..........................
        ࠡ⪠ ᮢ................................
          롮ઠ १ ப ............

 11  ..........................
        । ࠭樨............................
           ࠭権  ⥬.......................
          砫  砭 ࠭樨...................
          ࠭樨 ⨯ "⮫쪮-⥭".................
           ࠭樨 ।  ⨫ ORACLE?..
        ࠢ ࠭ﬨ   ஢ SQL..

                                    -- 9 --



         COMMIT WORK..............................
           ந室  믮 COMMIT ?..........
        ᯮ짮  SAVEPOINT.................
          Rollback  ஢ ....................
         ROLLBACK WORK............................
        뤠  COMMIT  ROLLBACK.................
            Commit/Rollback...................
           (⮬᪨)  Commit/Rollback

 12    ......
        ᭮   ࠫ 饭  .
        ᮢ ⥭..............................
          ਬ ᮣᮢ ⥭...................
          饭 "Snapshot Too Old"....................
          ஢.............................
             ஢ ?...............
          த⥫쭮 ஢....................
             ஢  ?............
          稢   ஢................
           ஢.................................
        ஢  (DDL - ஢)..............
          믮 ஢   ⥬ ORACLE
           樥  ࠡ⪨ ࠭権..................
           ᮣᮢ ⥭  ᮢ,
            㤠............................
          稢 ஢  ᮢ............
          稢 ஢    㤠
        ४⨥ 㬠稢 ஢................
          ᯮ짮  LOCK TABLE..............
          塞  ᪫⥫ ஢.........
          ᠭ ० ஢.....................
            ᪠ ஢..........................
            ८ࠧ ஢.....................
           ᯮ SELECT FOR UPDATE............
          ᯮ짮  SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY
        ஢ ᫮................................
          ஢ ࠧ..............................
          ஢ DDL..................................
          ஢ ᫮  ...................
        ७ ஢  饫...................
          饫.........................................
          ७ ஢...........................
            ஢  ᫮.......................
            ஢ ࠢ 䠩  ୠ......
            ஢ ⠡ ࠭  ᥣ⮢ ⪠
        ਭ ஢   SQL*DBA...........
         㯨.................................
            㯨 樨.................
        ࠬ SERIALIZABLE  ROW_LOCKING 䠩 INIT.ORA
          ⠭ 祭 TRUE  SERIALIZABLE........
          ⠭ 祭 INTENT  ROW_LOCKING.......
            㬠稢 ஢............

 13    ..............
         砥 "ᮧ " ?....................
        ⠯ ᮧ ...............................
           CREATE DATABASE ?.............
        ᫥ ᮧ ...............................

                                    -- 10 --



 14    ...........................
           ⠭........................
          ஢   ...................
            ஢..............................
            ஢,   .................
            ......................................
       ணࠬ SQL*DBA..................................
            SQL*DBA................................
          ORACLE   .............
            ⨥ ..........................
          ஢  ⨥   ᪮쪮 ⠯.
            ⮫쪮  ࠡ DBA................
             樥 FORCE.......................
             뢥묨  offline ⠡묨 ࠭⢠
          ⮬᪨     㧪 樮 ⥬
           㤠 ஢ ORACLE..............
         ࠬ஢ INIT.ORA..........................
          ᯮ짮 ୠ⨢   INIT.ORA..
          ਬ 䠩 INIT.ORA...........................
          㯯 ࠬ஢ INIT.ORA......................
          祬   ࠬ ?...................
        ⠭  ORACLE  ................
          ଠ쭠 ⠭............................
          SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE..............................
          SHUTDOWN ABORT..................................

 15     .........
        祬 ⠭ ⮫  ?...............
        ᮡ ⠭ ⥬ ORACLE.........
         ⪠, ॡ騥 ⠭............
          짮⥫᪨ 訡.........................
          訡  SQL............................
          訡 .................................
          訡  ORACLE........................
          訡 ⥫.................................
        ᭮ ⠤ ⠭....................
          ⪠ ।  ᯮ짮 ୠ ୮ 믮
          ⪠   ᯮ짮 ᥣ⮢ ⪠...
          ⠭ .......................
          ⠭ ⥫.........................
           ⠭ ......................
         ࠡ⠥ ୠ ୮ 믮.........
          ᯮ짮 ୠ  ० ARCHIVELOG.......
            ⨢ ୠ ୮ 믮 (online)
            ⨢ ୠ ୮ 믮 (offline)
          ᯮ짮 ୠ  ० NOARCHIVELOG........
        ஫ 窨....................................
          ஫ 窨  ᪮७ ⠭.....
          ஫ 窨  ९ 䠩 ୠ..
        襭 롮   ⠭..........
           ⨢ ୠ ୮ 믮...
            롮 ० ࠡ ୠ ୮ 믮
            롮 ⢠ 䠩 ୮ 믮....
            祭 ࠧ஢ 䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮
            祭 ன  䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮
           ୠ..................................
             ० ᯮ짮 ୠ...............
            롮 ࢠ  ஫ 祪............

                                    -- 11 --



           ᥣ⮢ ⪠..........................
            롮 ⢠ ᥣ⮢ ⪠................
            ।   ᥣ⮢ ⪠........
        娢஢ ୠ ୮ 믮  ० ARCHIVELOG
          ᫥⥫  䠩 ୠ.............
          ⮬᪮ 娢஢.......................
            祭 ⮬᪮ 娢஢ १ INIT.ORA
            祭 ⮬᪮ 娢஢ १ SQL*DBA
            祭  娢.........................
            ⪫祭 ⮬᪮ 娢஢.........
          娢஢ ..............................
        믮 BACKUP....................................
          ஢ ⮩ ..........................
          ஢ ⮩ ..........................
        楤 ⠭ ⥫...................
          ⠭ 䠩 ,  ਭ饣
          ⠡筮 ࠭ SYSTEM..............
            ⠭ ⠡筮 ࠭⢠...........
            ⠭  .......................
            뢠  ⠭...............
            த  ⠭..............
          ⠭ 䠩 , ਭ饣 ⠡筮 ࠭
              SYSTEM
          ⠭ online - 䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮
          ⠭ ࠢ 䠩..................
          窠 ⠭...............................
        Export/Import........................................
        Export...............................................
           ᯮ  .........................
          ⥫ ᯮ.............................
          㯭 ᯮ.................................
        Import...............................................
          ᯮ짮 ⨫ Import  
          ⠭ ..............................

 
        ஢ 䠩  .....................
        ஢ 䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮...
            䠩 ୠ....................
           䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮......
          २ 䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮
        ஢ ᥣ⮢ ⪠.......................
            ᥣ⮢ ⪠....................
          騥   ᥣ ⪠.....................
          ᫥ ᥣ⮢ ⪠......................
           ࠧ஢ ᥣ⮢ ⪠................
          ⬥ ᥣ⮢ ⪠............................
        ஢ ⠡ ࠭..................
            ⠡筮 ࠭⢠............
          祭 ⠡筮 ࠭⢠ ( 䠩)
          ਭ ᯮ짮   ⠡筮 ࠭⢥
          祭  짮⥫  ⠡筮 ࠭⢥
          祭 㬠稢 ࠬ஢ 
           ⠡筮 ࠭⢠........................
           㬠稢 ࠬ஢ ...........
          २ 䠩 ⠡筮 ࠭⢠......
          ॢ ⠡筮 ࠭⢠  offline..........
          ॢ ⠡筮 ࠭⢠  online...........

                                    -- 12 --



          ⬥ ⠡ ࠭.......................
        ࠢ   ⠡  ஢............
          ᯮ ⠡  ⠡ ࠭⢠......
          ⠭ ࠬ஢   ⠡.............
          ᫥   ⠡......................
          ਭ ॠ쭮 ᯮ㥬 .............
          祭 ࠬ஢   ⠡............
        ࠢ ᭮ .........................
          饭 ᮢ  ⠡ ࠭⢠......
          ᫥   ᮢ.....................
          롮 ࠬ஢   ᮢ...............
          ࠭祭  ᮢ...........................
        ࠢ ࠬ................................
           ஢.................................
          ⠡ .............................
          롮 ࠬ SIZE  ..................
          ਭ , ᯮ㥬 ࠬ.........
          㧪 ஢.................................
          ⬥ ஢...................................
        ࠢ ६묨 ᥣ⠬.....................
          ᫥ ⢠ ६ ᥣ⮢........
          ᫥ ᯮ ६ ᥣ⮢......
          ᫥ ࠧ஢ ६ ᥣ⮢..........

 17 :    ................
         짮⥫............................
          짮⥫  ਢ CONNECT.................
          짮⥫  ਢ RESOURSE................
          짮⥫  ਢ DBA.....................
          祭 짮⥫ 㬠稢 ⠡ ࠭
          ⠭ 짮⥫   ⠡ ࠭⢠
            ⠡ ࠭...............
          ⬥ 㯠  ⠡筮 ࠭...........
          ⮬᪠ ॣ.........................
          祭 ⢨  ॣ樨 짮⥫.....
         ஫........................................
         짮⥫...............................
        樮 ஫ 㯠  ..............
          祭 ॣ樮 ஫................
          ⠭ ⥬ 権 ॣ樨 㯠..
          ᬮ ⥬ 権 ॣ樨 㯠
          ᬮ १⮢  ୠ ॣ樨 㯠.
           ᮥ  ...................
           ᯮ짮 ᮢ.................
           ⢨ DBA...........................
           ⮪ 饭   騬 ꥪ⠬
          ⪫祭 ⥬ ॣ樨 c㯠.......
        樠 짮⥫ "PUBLIC"....................
         ⨯ PUBLIC.................................

 18 :   .................
           ⠡...............................
            ᥬ   ⠡....................
            ࠬ ( -    ⠡)....
          ࠢ 㯠   ⮫殢...............
          ࠢ 㯠  ᫥⥫ ࠬ...........
        ⬥ ਢ 㯠............................
         㯠  ꥪ⠬ ..................

                                    -- 13 --



            짮 ॣ樥 㯠 ?......
          祭 権 ॣ樨  ⠡...........
              ᥠᠬ   饭...........
             ஢..............................
            稢 ॣ  ⠡..............
          ᬮ ⥪ 権 ॣ樨.................
          ᬮ १⮢   ୠ ॣ樨........
          ⬥ ॣ樨 ⠡..........................
          㭪 USERENV....................................

 19   .................
         ஥஢ 襩 ५樮 ⠡..
        設⢮ 権  ................
        䥪⨢ ᯮ짮 몠 SQL..................
        ⨬, 믮塞 ⮬᪨...............
          ᯮ짮 祢 ᫮ DISTINCT.............
          ᯮ짮 祢 ᫮ GROUP BY.............
          .........................................
          ᮡ  ⢥ ப................
        ᯮ짮 २ ᮢ  SQL - 
           䥪⨢ ᮢ......................
          ⢥ ................................
            祭 NULL............................
          ᪮쪮 ᮢ   ⠡................
          롮  ⢠ ᮢ........................
           ᯮ짮 ᮢ..................
        ⨬ ࠧ SQL - ஢...............
          ⨬ ᮢ (SELECT)......................
          ⨬ 栭 (NOT)........................
          ⨬ 樨 OR............................
          ணࠬ ஢/ꥤ ⥬ ORACLE....
          ⨬ ORDER BY...............................
          ⨬ GROUP BY...............................
          ⨬ ꥤ............................
            ஢ ꥤ....................
            ஢ ꥤ......................
        ୠ ࠡ⪠..................................
          ୮ ࠧ  뢠 ६

 20   ..............................
        ᭮ 楯樨 ன ....................
           ॡ 짮⥫....................
           ࠨ 䥪⨢ ?.......................
          ஢ ன ⥬...........................
          ᭮ ।⢠ ன........................
        ன  ६ ⠫樨........................
          ਬ ⢨  ன 樮 ⥬..
          祭 ਮ⮢ ᠬ...................
           ࠣ樨 ᪮......................
        孨 ன ன............................
        ⨬ /뢮.............................
          ਭ /   SQL*DBA...................
          ᯮ짮 ⠡ ࠭  㬮砭...
           ⢠ ⥭⮢...................
             ⥫쭮 襥 ⢮ ⥭⮢....
            । ⥭⮢...........
           ᮢ  .......................
          ""  ⠡......................

                                    -- 14 --



          /  䠩    ࠢ 䠩....
          / 䠩 ୠ..................................
        ⨬ ࠢ ࠬ......................
          ਭ ஢.................................
          祭 ⢠ ஢ .................
           ७樨  ஢ ..............
        ன  DBWR..............................
           ࠡ⠥ DBWR..................................
          ਭ DBWR....................................
           ࠡ DBWR............................
        ன ୠ ୮ 믮..............
          ⪮ 饭 ᯮᮡ ⨬樨 ୠ.....
          ਭ ୠ ୮ 믮...........
          ⨬  ୠ.........................
            ஫ 祪.................
            । ୠ.............
          ࠬࠬ  ⨪..........
        ன ᥣ⮢ ⪠...........................
          ਭ ᥣ⮢ ⪠........................
          ᮢ ⥭.............................
          ᯮ짮 ᪮쪨 ᥣ⮢ ⪠..........
          롮 ࠧ ᥣ⮢ ⪠.....................
          ஢ ᥣ⮢ ⪠.......................
        ਭ ᯮ짮 譥 ..............
          롮 ࠧ㬭 権 ⮪஢..............
         ஡....................................
          ࠭祭 CPU....................................
          ࠭祭 饫................................
          ࠭祭 DBWR...................................
          ࠭祭 LGWR...................................
          ࠭祭 /....................................

 21 ,  ........................
          - ⥬, ࠧ ᪨..............
        ᯮ짮 SQL*DBA  ᪮쪨  ORACLE
           ⥬  樥 SHARED......................
        ࠬ INIT.ORA  ⥬, ࠧ ᪨.....
        ᯮ짮 ᥣ⮢ ⪠.......................
           ᥣ ⪠.............................
          騥 ᥣ ⪠..............................
        ஢  ⠭ ⥬, ࠧ ᪨
          ᯮ짮 ୠ ୮ 믮........
          । ࠬ   ୠ.........
          ஫ 窨..................................
          祭 ० ୠ..........................
          娢..........................................
          ⠭ ..........................

 22     .....
         ⠪ SQL*Star ?.................................
         ⠪ "। ࠡ⪠" ?...............
         ⠪ "।  " ?.............
        २⢠ । ࠡ⪨ ORACLE.........
          ஧筮 ᯮ..........................
          ⭠ ⮭..................................
         ⮢  ࢥ஢.............................
           ⮢  ࢥ஢..........................
           ࠡ  ⠬  ࢥࠬ......

                                    -- 15 --



            ࠧ묨 ﬨ ⥬ ORACLE.....
        ᮡ ORACLE  SQL*Net.........................
          ४祭  ࠧ㬥  㣨 ...
          襭    ᯮ ਪ ணࠬ
          ६饭   COPY...................
         痢   ........................
            裡............................
          騥  裡.............................
        롮 짮⥫  㯠  㤠 ...
          ᯮ짮  ⮢  饣 ⭮ 
          㠫    ⮢.........

ਫ      V6.0..............
        ନ.........................................
        ⨫ SQL*DBA......................................
        SQL*Loader  ODL..............................
        ᮢ襭⢮ ᫮ ...................
           .......................
          ࠢ騥 䠩..................................
            ..................................
           ୠ ୮ 믮................
           INIT.ORA......................................
          ................................
           ....................................
           ...............................
        ࠢ ࠭ﬨ..............................
         ० ஢..............................
        ஢ ஫....................................
         訡..........................................
          SQL......................................
        ନ ᨨ 5  ᨨ 6.....................

ਫ B   SQL*DBA..........................
        맮 SQL*DBA........................................
            SQL*DBA................................
          ਢ஢  SQL*DBS..................
          뤠  SQL..................................
          뤠  PL/SQL...............................
          믮  䠩........................
          뤠   ஢ 樮 ⥬........
          ᯮ짮 SQL*DBA  । 㤮
        ਭ      MONITOR.....
          ᪮ ந⥫쭮, ᯮ㥬  MONITOR
          ।⠢ 㣨 짮⥫ ࠢ
          㯠  ࠭  MONITOR..................
          ࠪ⨪  ࠭  MONITOR........
          ࠭ MONITOR PROCESS..............................
          ࠭ MONITOR USER.................................
          ࠭ MONITOR TABLE................................
          ࠭ MONITOR LOCKS................................
          ࠭ MONITIR LATCH................................
          ࠭ MONITOR STATISTICS...........................
          ࠭ MONITOR I/O..................................
          ࠭ MONITOR ROLLBACK SEGMENT.....................
          ࠭ MONITOR FILE I/O.............................
        ARCHIVE LOG..........................................
        CONNECT..............................................
        DISCONNECT...........................................

                                    -- 16 --



        EXIT.................................................
        HOST.................................................
        MONITOR..............................................
        RECOVER..............................................
        REMARK...............................................
        SET..................................................
        SHOW.................................................
        SHUTDOWN.............................................
        SPOOL................................................
        STARTUP..............................................

ਫ C      SQL*DBA...........
        訡  䨪ᮬ DBA...............................
        訡  䨪ᮬ LCC...............................

ਫ D   INIT.ORA.......................
        ஢ ࠬ஢  䠩 INIT.ORA.........
          ᬮ ⥪ 祭 ࠬ஢...............
          㯯 ࠬ஢..................................
          ६ ࠬ...............................
          ࠬ  ᫮.............................
           ࠬ ..........................
          ⥬ᨬ ࠬ.........................
          ᨬ ࠬ................................
           ࠬ ⠭ ࠢ쭮............
        ᠭ ⤥ ࠬ஢........................

ਫ E   .........................
         ᫮ ................................
         ᪮ ந⥫쭮..............
            ⠡栬 ᪮ ந⥫쭮..
          , ᯮ㥬  ࠭  MONITOR....
          ᠭ ⤥ ⠡..........................

ਫ F   ..................
         ᯥ稢 প 樮 몮 ?.....
        祭 ࠬ஢,  ࠡ  樮쭮 몥
        , ᯮ㥬  ᮮ饭 ORACLE..............
        , ᯮ㥬     楢.......
        ᫥   .............................
        ࠡ⪠   ᪮쪨 ᨬ .....
           ⠪  ᨬ ?.........................
          ஡ ࠡ⪨  .............
          ࠭ ᨬ .........................
          室 몠 SQL  ࠧ ࠬ ᨬ......
            ८ࠧ  孨   ॣࠬ.
            ८ࠧ  ࠬ ᨬ...........
            ᯮ짮 ᨬ ....................
            㭪 REPLACE..................................
          ஢ ᨬ .......................
            ᯮ짮 㬠稢 ஢...........
            ࠢ ᨬ ப.......................
        ஢ ࠬ LANGUAGE   짮⥫

ਫ G     SQL.............
        ALTER DATABASE.......................................
        ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT...............................
        ALTER TABLESPACE.....................................

                                    -- 17 --



        ALTER USER...........................................
        AUDIT (ଠ I)......................................
        AUDIT (ଠ II).....................................
        CREATE DATABASE......................................
        CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT..............................
        CREATE TABLESPACE....................................
        DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT................................
        DROP TABLESPACE......................................
        GRANT (ଠ I)......................................
        GRANT (ଠ II).....................................
        GRANT (ଠ III)....................................
        NOAUDIT (ଠ I)....................................
        NOAUDIT (ଠ II)...................................
        REVOKE (ଠ I).....................................
        REVOKE (ଠ II)....................................
        REVOKE (ଠ III)...................................
        ࠧ STORAGE........................................

ਫ H   .......................
        ............................................
        ...............................................






































                                    -- 18 --
