















                                O R A C L E



                          


                                 6.0











                                ____________________________________
                                ⥬ ࠢ ५樮 
                                  ORACLE
























                                    -- 1 --





⨫ ORACLE. 㪮⢮ 짮⥫.
 6.0

 N 3602-V6.0
 1988

:  ,  ࠭,  䮫

⠭:  ,   ३ᮭ,  ,  -
              ,  ,  ᮭ

Copyright () ௮ Oracle 1985, 1989
 ࠢ ࠭. ⯥⠭  .


        ᠭ ࠭祭 ࠢ

    ᯮ짮, ஢   ࠧ襭 ᮤঠ -
 ࠭祭,  㪠  襬 ࠪ    ௮樥
Oracle.
    ᯮ짮, ஢  ࠧ襭 ᮤঠ  -
஭ ࠢ⥫⢠ 稭 ࠭祭, ਭ  ⭮襭
࣮ ணࠬ묨 ।⢠  ,    ᮮ⢥⢨
 䥤ࠫ ⥫⢮ ࠭   業  
࠭祭 ࠢ 㯠⥫.
    ଠ, ᮤঠ    饬 㬥,   
  ।०.  ᫨     ஡  
ࠡ  㬥樥, , ᮮ   ⮬ 쬥-
.  ௮ Oracle  ࠭ ⢨ 訡  -
饬 㬥.

    ORACLE, Easy*SQL, SQL*Calc, SQL*Forms, SQL*Graph, SQL*Loader,
SQL*Menu, SQL*Net   SQL*Plus - ॣ஢ ࣮ ન
௮樨 Oracle.
    SQL*DBA  SQL*QMX - ࣮ ન ௮樨 Oracle.
    IBM -  ࣮  ઠ  ௮樨   International   Business
Machines.

    
    -------------------------------------------------------------


     㪮⢮ 뢠,  짮  -
⠬ (ࢨ묨 ணࠬ)   ORACLE,  騬 -
 ᫥    ࣠樨  ,  ᮯ஢ 
᪥:

    ᯮ/       ᯮ    ⨫⠬, -
    (Export/Import)      騬  㣠.  ⨫  ᯮ
                         㦠         䠩 ;
                         ⨫  뢠    
                         䠩 ⭮  .  ⨫ -
                           믮 १ࢨ஢ ,
                         ࠭ ᢮  ⢨    
                         ᨨ   㦨   묨
                          ⨯묨 .

                                    -- 2 --



    SQL*Loader           ⨫ SQL*Loader 㦠    
                         譨 䠩    ⠡   ORACLE.
                          ࠡ⠥  ப ᯥ஬  室
                         ଠ⮢   ஫஢ -
                          㧪 ᥩ.  SQL*Loader -
                          ᮡ  ࠭  -
                           ORACLE (ODL).

    CRT                  ⨫ CRT    ⠭-
                          ࠪ⨪  ନ쭮 -
                          (⠪,   ⭮ ࠦ  
                         뤥 ࠦ)  ࠭
                         த⮢ ORACLE.  CRT  ⠪  
                         ࠨ ࠭  ࠦ  -
                         뢠 ணࠬ 㭪樨   -
                          ନ.

      ⨫  㪮⢥,  -,   ਭ樯,  
   ᭮,  -,   ਬ ࠡ뢠 
ࠪ᪨ 모,  室 짮⥫  ࠡ.

    㤨

    饥 㪮⢮  ।祭      짮⥫
 ORACLE,    ᫥饬:
    * ᯮ짮  ⨫ Export/Import   १ࢨ஢-
       ⤥    ORACLE  楫   ६饭
        ⨯묨 .
    * ᯮ짮 ⨫ SQL*Loader  㧪   䠩-
         ⠡  ORACLE.
    * ᯮ짮 ⨫ CRT  楫 ⠭   ४஢-
       ࠪ⨪  ࠭  ࠦ   ࠭
      த⮢ ORACLE.
    㪮⢮ ⠭  짮⥫,   ணࠬ஢  
몥 SQL       ᭮  ஥   ORACLE. ஬ ⮣, 
।,  짮⥫ ⨫ SQL* Loader 㬥   
।⢠ ࠢ 䠩 .

砭:   㪮⢥  樨  ⠫樨 ⨫,  
᪮  樨   ࠧ    ࠧ  樮  
⥬.    ⠫樨 ⨫    㪮⢥ "ORACLE 
Installation and User's Guide",  ⮬  室    ᮡ,  
 ⥪  ਠ,   饬 㪮⢥.

     ࣠ 㪮⢮

    饥 㪮⢮ ⮨   ⥩.   ᬮਬ
 ᮤন  .

     I  EXPORT/IMPORT

     1  ᯮ 
           冷  ᯮ짮  ⨫
Export      ORACLE  䠩 .  ᬠਢ-
 ᭮ ,  ० ᯮ஢, ⮤ ࠪ-
⨢ 롮  ࠬ஢   ࠬ஢   -
, ᠭ ࠬ஢  蠣  ᯮ஢.   
ਠ ᮯ஢ ਬࠬ.

                                    -- 3 --



     2   
           冷  ᯮ짮  ⨫ Import  
⥭   䠩,  祭  १ ᯮ,    ORACLE. 
ᬠਢ ᭮ , ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢  
 ࠬ஢   ப, ᠭ ࠬ஢  蠣 
஢.  ਠ ᮯ஢ ਬࠬ.

     3  ⥫ ᢥ  ᯮ/
      ᮤঠ  ᮢ  襭 䥪⨢ ᯮ짮 
ᮮ⢥ ⨫.  ᬠਢ  ᮢ⨬ ᯮ-䠩 ᨨ 5 
 ⮬ ᨨ 6,  ८࣠ ⠡ ࠭,  ᮧ  
ᥣ⮢  ⠭, ᯮ஢/஢   ⨫⮩ 
SQL*Net,  ஢ ⠡ 讣 ࠧ,   ஢    
⨯ LONG, ᮪饭   ࠣ樨   ࠡ⪠ ᮮ饭  訡.

     II  SQL*LOADER

     4  ᭮   ᮡ SQL*Loader
      㦨   SQL*Loader,  뢠騬   ᮡ. 
  ᭮  ,   易  㧪 . ᬠਢ 
⮢   SQL*Loader,   ७ ८ࠧ  ଠ   
१ ࠡ ணࠬ.
     5  ਬ ࠡ SQL*Loader
    ᬠਢ   ਬ஢,      ᮡ⥩ 
SQL*Loader.  㧪 ,  ६ , ᥩ 
䨪஢ ଠ, 䠩 ᢮ ଠ, ᪮쪨 䨧᪨ ᥩ 
  ᪮,  ⠪ ᪮쪨 ⠡.
     6  ⠪  ப
    뢠 ᨭ⠪  ப, ࠡ뢠 ⨫⮩ SQL*Loader. 
ᬠਢ ଠ  SQLLOAD, 㬥  ப, ࠬ 
OPTIONS  ᮮ饭 SQL*Loader.
     7  ⠪ ࠢ饣 䠩
뢠 ᨭ⠪ ࠢ饣 䠩,  ᯮ㥬 ⨫⮩ SQL*Loader.  
ᬠਢ ᮧ  ࠢ饣  䠩, ᯮ짮  LOAD 
DATA, ᠭ 䠩 , ⠡  ⮫殢, 㪠 砫 㦠 
.

 III  CRT
     8  ⨫ । ࠪ⨪ ନ CRT
 冷  ਬ  ⨫  CRT  ᠭ  ८। 
ࠪ⨪ ନ, ᯮ㥬 ஬ ࠭ த⮢ ORACLE.  
ᬠਢ ⠡  䠩,  묨 ࠡ⠥ ⨫ CRT, த, 
ᯮ騥 । CRT, ନ, ন  ⨫⮩, 
 ࠪ⨪ ନ,  ᢠ  㬮砭, ᯮ㥬 ⠡ 
,  冷   ८। ࠪ⨪,  ⨫ CRT.

     IV  

    ਫ A  饭    訡   믮 ணࠬ Export/Import
    ਢ ᯨ᮪  ᮮ饭  訡,  뤠  ६ ࠡ 
ணࠬ  Export/Import.   ᬠਢ  । 稭 
  訡  । ⢨   ࠭.
    ਫ B  饭  訡  ࠡ SQL*Loader
    ਢ ᯨ᮪ ᮮ饭  訡,  뤠   ६
ࠡ ⨫ SQL*Loader.  ᬠਢ   訡.
    ਫ C  砭  ᯮ짮 稪 DB2
    뢠 ࠧ  ᨭ⠪ ࠢ  䠩  ⨫ SQL*Loader  
DB2. ᬠਢ ⥫  ⨫ SQL*Loader  ࠢ 

                                    -- 4 --



 ⨫⮩ DB2,   RESUME  DB2, 樨, ᯥ稢騥  ᮢ⨬ 
⨫,  ⠪ , 騥  SQL*Loader.
    ਫ D  १ࢨ஢ ᫮  SQL*Loader
    ਢ ᯨ᮪ ᫮, १ࢨ஢  ᯮ짮 
 ORACLE   SQL*Loader.
    ਫ E  ⠭ । ࠪ⨪ ନ
    ਢ ᯨ᮪    ᯮ㥬 ⨯
ନ, ন ௮樥 Oracle.
    ਫ F  㭪樮   ନ
    ਢ ᯨ᮪  㭪樮   ନ,
ᯮ㥬 ⨫⠬ SQL*Forms IAP  IAD, SQL*Calc  SQL*Menu.

    㡫樨, 易   㬥⮬

     饣 㪮⢠   㬥⮢,   稫   
 ਮ⥭묨 த⠬,   ᫥ ⠪   ᫥騬 
筨,  㡫묨 ௮樥 Oracle:
    *  ORACLE. 砭  ॠ樨.  N 3001
      (ORACLE RDBMS Release Notes, Part No.3001)
    * 㪮⢮   ORACLE.  N 3601
      (ORACLE Database Administrator's Guide, Part No.3601
    * ORACLE. 饭  訡   .  N 3605
      (ORACLE Error Messages and Codes Manual, Part No.3605)
      樮 ⥬  ⠪ 㪮⢮  
⠭  ᯮ짮 ⨫. ਬ:
    * 㪮⢮  ⠭  ᯮ짮  ORACLE   
      DEC VAX/VMS.  N 1001
      (ORACLE for DEC VAX/VMS Installation and User's Guide, Pat No.1001)
    * 㪮⢮  ⠭  ᯮ짮  ORACLE   
      IBM VM/SP.  N 1003
      (ORACLE for IBM VM/SP Installation and User's Guide, Part No.1003)

    襭, ᯮ㥬   㪮⢥

     饬 㪮⢥ ᯮ ᫥騥 ᮣ襭:

१ࢨ஢       ,  騩   㪢,
祢 ᫮           ᯮ    ⮬  砥,   ⥪   
                     ந   筮 ᮮ⢥⢨     .  
                     १ࢨ஢   祢  ᫮   ᯮ짮
                       ⢥  ⮫殢  ⠡,  ᫨   
                     祭   窨.  
                     SQLLOAD scott/tiger may.ctl may.log

६               ६,      ࠭ 
                         ᮮ⢥饥    祭, 뢠 묨 
                         㪢. ᫨ 㪠 㣫 ᪮,     
                          .
                          INTEGER [(length)]

ୠ⨢           롨ࠥ 祭 ࠧ -
(롨ࠥ)     ⨪쭮 ⮩.
                          {BADFILE  BADDN} filename

易⥫     易⥫    
                         䨣 ᪮.   ୠ⨢
                          易 .
                          INCTYPE = {SYSTEM  RESTORE}

                                    -- 5 --



易⥫           易⥫   
                   ᪮.
                          FIXED len [BLOCKSIZE size]

塞              ப   ᫥-
                    ந쭮  ᫮  ⨯
                         ⮢.
                          [columnspec, columnspec ...]

     砭 ਢ

     砭  짮⥫ ORACLE ௮樥 業   ᫮ 
ਢ.      㪮⢠ ਫ " 砭 
짮⥫",    ᯮ짮   ⮣,     
ࠢ   ࠢ   㪮⢥.      
㯨       ⠪,   ⥫䮭 (415) 598-8000  
⨢  :
    ORACLE RDBMS Product Manager
    Oracle Corporation
    20 Davis Drive
    Belmont, California 94002






































                                    -- 6 --



    
    

 I  EXPORT/IMPORT ..................
     1  ᯮ  .................

    ᭮  ......................
      ਢ 㯠 ....................
      ⮢  ࠡ ...................
      樨  䠩 ....................
      ࠡ⪠ 訡 ......................
      ࠭祭 ...........................
     ᯮ஢ ..................
     짮 ⨫⮩ ᯮ .......
      ⮤   ப ........
      祢 ᫮ ⨫ ᯮ ........
      ⭮襭  ࠬࠬ .....
      ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢
    ਬ ࠡ ⨫ ᯮ ..........
      ਬ ᯮ஢  ०   
      ਬ ᯮ஢  ० 짮⥫
      ਬ ᯮ஢  ० ⠡
    蠣  ⨢ ᯮ .........
      २⢠ ...........................
       ஢ ........................
      ⠢ ᯮ㥬  ...........
      ⠪  ப .............
      ਬ 蠣 ᯮ .............
      , ন騥 蠣  ⨢ ᯮ

     2    ...................

    ᭮  .......................
      ਢ 㯠 .....................
      ࠬ ࠭ .....................
      樨  䠩 .....................
      ࠡ⪠ 訡 .......................
      ࠭祭 ............................
     짮 ⨫⮩  .........
      ⮤   ப .........
      祢 ᫮ ⨫  ..........
      ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢ .
    ਬ ࠡ ⨫  ............
      ਬ ஢ ⤥ ⠡ 㪠 짮⥫
      ਬ ஢ ⠡,  㦥 㣨 짮⥫
      ਬ ஢ ⠡  짮⥫ 㣮
    蠣  .........................
      ⠪  ப .............
      㧪 १⮢ 蠣  ⨢ ᯮ஢

     3  ⥫ ᢥ  ᯮ/

    ᯮ짮 ᯮ-䠩 ᨨ 5
     ⠡  ।⢥ । ஢
    ࣠ ⠡ ࠭ ......
       ⠡筮 ࠭⢠ .......
      ᥣ ⠭ ..
    ᯮ஢/஢   ⨫⮩ SQL*Net

                                    -- 7 --



    ஢ ⠡ 讣 ࠧ ................
    ஢  ⨯ LONG .......................
    饭 ࠣ樨   ...................
    ࠡ⪠ ᮮ饭  訡 ........................

 II  SQL*LOADER ..................................
     4  ᭮   ᮡ SQL*Loader ....

     ⠪ SQL*Loader ? ................................
    室   SQL*Loader ........................
      ࠢ騩 䠩 ....................................
       ..............................................
    ⮢   ................................
     ࠡ ⨫ .............................
      樮 䠩 ................................
        ᥩ .................................
       ﭭ ᥩ ..............................

     5  ਬ ࠡ SQL*Loader ....................
    ᠭ ਬ஢ .....................................
    ਬ 1: 㧪  ६  ............
    ਬ 2: 㧪 ᥩ 䨪஢ ଠ .....
    ਬ 3: 㧪 䠩  ᢮ ଠ  ᯮ-
               ࠧ⥫  묨
    ਬ 4: 㧪 ᪮쪨 䨧᪨ ᥩ   ᪮
    ਬ 5: 㧪   ᪮쪮 ⠡ ..........

     6  ⠪  ப ...................

     SQLLOAD .......................................
    㬥  ப ............................
    ᯮ짮 祢 ᫮ OPTIONS .................
    饭, 頥 ⨫⮩ SQL*Loader ...........

     7  ⠪ ࠢ饣 䠩 .................

     ࠢ饣 䠩 ...........................
    ⠪  LOAD DATA .........................
       ᨭ⠪ .................................
    ᠭ 䠩  ................................
       䠩 ...........................................
       ⥭ 䠩 ..................................
      ᠭ ᪮쪨 䠩  ...................
      ਬ ᠭ 䠩  .......................
    ᠭ 䠩  ᥩ .........................
      ਬ ᠭ 䠩  ᥩ ...............
    ᠭ 䠩 ﭭ ᥩ ......................
      ਬ ᠭ 䠩 ﭭ ᥩ ............
      ࠭祭 ⢠ ᥨ ᥩ ..........
    㧪 ⠡   ०     
    ⠭ ᨬ쭮  ᪨ ᥩ .......
    ନ஢ ᪨ ᥩ  䨧᪨ .........
      ਬ ᯮ짮 ࠧ CONTINUEIF ..............
    ᠭ ⠡  ⮫殢 ............................
      ᠭ  ⠡ ................................
      롮 ப  㧪 ............................
      ᠭ ﭨ  .............................
      ᠭ ࠧ⥫  ........................

                                    -- 8 --



      ᠭ ⮫殢 ...................................
      ᥭ ⠭  ⮫ .......................
      ᥭ  ⮫    䠩  ...
       㭨 浪 ஢ .............
       ᯮ ଠ樮  ..........
        ଠ樮  .................
       ⨯ ᮤঠ饣  ଠ樮  祭
      ᠭ ᨬ   ࠭⥫ﬨ .........
      ᥭ  ⮫ ⮣ 祭 ................
      ᥭ   ⮫ ᫮ ⨯ .............
     砫 㦠   ࠢ饬 䠩

     III  CRT .......................................

     8  ⨫ । ࠪ⨪ ନ CRT

      䠩 CRT ..................................
    த ORACLE, ᯮ騥 । CRT ........
    ନ, ন ⨫⮩ CRT ...............
      ஭ ନ ...............................
      ᨭ஭ ନ ..............................
    祭 ࠪ⨪  㬮砭 ..................
     ⠡, ᯮ㥬 ⨫⮩ CRT ...........
      襭  祭 .........................
       CRT ........................................
       CRTBOX .....................................
       CRT_PRODUCTS ...............................
       CRT_TYPE ...................................
       ESC ........................................
       FUNCTIONS ..................................
       GOTO_LC ....................................
      । ନ ࠪ⨪
      ᯮ짮  CRT ............................
      ᯮ짮 ⨫ SQL*Plus .....................
      ᠭ न  .........................
    ८।  ࠪ⨪ ନ .
     ணࠬ CRT .................................
    ⠫/樠 ⨫ CRT (ଠ
      ) ...............................

     IV   .................................

    ਫ A  饭  訡  믮 ணࠬ Export/Import
    ਫ B  饭  訡  ࠡ SQL*Loader
    ਫ C  砭  ᯮ짮 稪 DB2
    ਫ D  १ࢨ஢ ᫮  SQL*Loader
    ਫ E  ⠭ । ࠪ⨪ ନ
    ਫ F  㭪樮   ନ

    䠢 㪠⥫









                                    -- 9 --



         I  EXPORT/IMPORT

       I  뢠  ⨫  ᯮ  (Export)   
(Import).  ⨫ ॠ ⥫ ࢨ 㭪樨.
⨫ ᯮ ९뢠    ORACLE  䠩 . -
  ⠥    䠩 ⭮   ORACLE.
    ⨫ ᯮ   ᯮ     ।  
襭 ᫥ :
    * 娢 
    * ᯥ祭 ᮢ⨬  묨 ﬨ  ORACLE
    * १ࢨ஢  ORACLE
    * 뫪   ⨯묨 
     6- ᨨ  ORACLE  ।⠢  -
ࠢ ᪮  ⨫ ᯮ  ,  ᯮ  
ப ࠧ ࠬ.
    ᬮ   稥 ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢,
 짮⥫ । ࠡ  ०    -
 ப, ᪮  ०   㭨ᠫ
 ।⠢  .

     6- ᨨ ⨫ ᯮ        믮
᫥騥 㭪樨:
    * ࠭   ORACLE  䠩 ,  -
      ᨬ  ᠬ 
    * ࠭ ᠭ ꥪ⮢    (⠪,     ⠡,
        )  묨   
    * ࠭ ⨢  ६ 
    * १ࢨ஢  ⮫쪮   ⠡,  ଠ     
      ᫥ ᯮ஢ ௥  , ᯮ   ⮣ 
      蠣  ⨢ ᯮ஢
    * ⠭ 砩 襭 ⠡,  ᫮, 
       ᮤন 뫮 ६ ᯮ஢
    * ⠭   ⥬  ஢ ᫥ 믮
      楤 蠣  ⨢ ᯮ
    * 롮筮  १ࢨ஢ ⤥ ⠢ 襩 ,
      ॡ饥  ࠢ  ⥬ १ࢨ஢  ࠧ
        譥 
    * 뫪    ᨩ  ORACLE  
    * 뫪   ⨯묨 
    * 뫪    ⭮  樮 ।  
    * 뫪      㣮
    *   ࠭⢠ 譥   ᮪饭 ࠣ樨 襩 

















                                    -- 10 --



     1   

        冷 ᯮ짮 ⨫ ᯮ. ⨫  
      ᯮ  ९뢠  ,   ࠭騥   ORACLE,  䠩   
筮 ଠ .    ࠭   䠩 ᨬ     
뢠  ᮤন ⭮  , ᯮ ⨫  ( 㤥 
ᬮ७  ன ).
     饩  ᬠਢ ᫥騥 :
    * ᭮ , 騥 堭 ᯮ஢
    * ० ᯮ஢
    * ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢    ப
    * ࠬ ᯮ஢
    * 蠣  ⨢ ᯮ
    ਠ  ९ ਬࠬ.

    ᭮ 
      ࠧ  ᭮ ,   騥 
堭 ᯮ஢ .

    ਢ 㯠
    ⮡ 믮  ᯮ஢     ORACLE,   ᫥ 
ਢ ⨯ CONNECT  DBA.  ᫨       ਢ DBA,  
ᯮ஢ ⮫쪮 ਭ騥  ⠡.

    ⮢  ࠡ

० 祬  ⨫ ᯮ  믮, 㡥  稨 
᪥   ࠭⢠, 筮   ᯮ㥬 䠩.
᫨ ࠭⢠  筮, ᯮ஢  㤥  ४饭  
裡  訡 .   ⮣, ⮡ 業 ॡ  ࠭⢥
㧪,  ᯮ짮  ࠧ ⤥ ⠡.   ⠡
ᮤঠ   (view) USER_SEGMENTS  ᫮   ( ஡
 ⮬ .  "ORACLE Database Administrator's Guide").

    樨  䠩

    ⨫ ᯮ ९뢠    ORACLE  䠩 
(   ),  뢠 ᯮ-䠩.    -
 ᯮ-䠩  娢  १ࢨ஢   饣 -
஢.  ᯮ-䠩  , 饥 
ᮤন.

    ⨫ ᯮ  ᮧ  ᯮ-䠩    ᨬ  
(ASCII  EBCDIC),  ਭ   ⥬.  砥 -
   ࠡ⪨ ᯮ-䠩 ⨫   믮-
 ⮬  ࠭ ᨬ    ⥬
 . ଠ  ᯮ-䠩 ᠭ ⠪ ࠧ, 
   ⠭ ⮫쪮 ⨫⮩ .

    ࠡ⪠ 訡

     砥    訡 ⨫ ᯮ ⠥ -
 ᢮ ࠡ.  ᫨ 訡   ஢ ப, -
  ᮮ饭  訡,  室  ᫥饩 ⠡ 
த ࠡ.

    ࠭祭


                                    -- 11 --



    ᫨    ਢ DBA,    ᬮ  ᯮ஢
⠡, ਭ騥  㣮 짮⥫,    ⮬ 砥,
᫨   ⠡  뫨 ᮧ ᨭ (짮⥫ DBA
 ᯮ஢  ⠡   ᨬ   ਭ-
).
    ᪮ ଠ    䠩,  ᮧ ⨫⮩ ᯮ,
࠭  ᯥ樠쭮 ଠ,        ᯮ짮
 㣮 楤ன  ⨫⮩  ORACLE, ஬ ⨫-
  (⥬  ,    ᬠਢ ᮤন -
-䠩   樨 SHOW ⨫ , ᠭ  -
ன ).
    ᪮ ᯮ-䠩         ⮫쪮  ⨫⮩
,   ᬮ ᯮ짮   ।    
⥬, ⫨묨   ORACLE.

     ᯮ஢
    ----------------------

    ⠢ ᯮ㥬  ଠ樨 । ࠭ 
० ᯮ஢.  짮⥫  ࠡ  -
襩    ०; 짮⥫ DBA   ࠡ-
    ᫥  ०:

 ⠡        ⮬ ०    ᯮ-
                    ஢     ਭ騥  ⠡,  
                    ⮫쪮 㪠.   짮⥫  DBA   
                    ஢ ᯮ㥬 ⠡ ⥬
                    㪠  .  㬮砭 ᯮ-
                       ⠡,   ਭ騥  
                    짮⥫.
 짮-      ⮬ ०    ᯮ-
⥫                ஢  ꥪ (⠡, , ਢ-
                      ),  ਭ騥  짮-
                    ⥫. 짮⥫ DBA  ᯮ஢
                     ꥪ,   ਭ騥 짮⥫ 
                    ᯨ᪠.
      ⮬ ०  ࠡ ⮫쪮 짮-
              ⥫, 騥 ਢ DBA, 祬  -
                      ᯮ஢  ꥪ ,
                     ᪫祭 ,  ਭ -
                    ⥫ SYS.

    ꥪ, ᯮ㥬     ०, ᫥
 ᫥饩 ⠡:

 ⠡            짮⥫        
                                                 

ᠭ ⠡         ᠭ ⠡         ᠭ ⠡
 ⠡            ⠡            ⠡
ਢ     ਢ     ਢ
                
⠡ ࠭祭   ⠡ ࠭祭   ⠡.࠭祭
                                        
                        裡                 裡 
                                          
                         ᨭ          ᨭ
                        ᫥⥫쭮      ᫥⥫쭮 ⥬ 

                                    -- 12 --



                                                ਢ ᠭ ⠡ 
                                                ࠭ 뤥 ⠡- 
                                                 ࠭⢠ ᠭ 
                                                ᥣ⮢ ⠭ 樨 
                                                 ⥬ ୠ

    ਬ砭  ⠡: ᠭ ⠡  樨 COMMENTS  AUDIT.

    짮 ⨫⮩ ᯮ
    --------------------------------

      뢠 ⨫ ᯮ    믮    
᫥  ᯮᮡ:
    *  EXP _짮⥫/஫,  뢠  ⥬  ᠬ
      ᥠ ࠪ⨢  롮  ࠬ஢   ᠬ ᠬ ⨫.
    *   EXP  _짮⥫/஫,   ன ᫥
      㬥, ࠢ騥 ᪮ ⨫.
    ᫨   㪠 ࠬ _짮⥫/஫,  ⨫
  祭.   ᯮᮡ    ᢮  -
஫   ७, ᪮ ⨫ ᯮ  ⮡ࠦ -
 祭  .
    ⨫ ᯮ ।⠢ ࠪ⨢ .  ᫨ -
 ப,   ,    EXP HELP=Y,  ࠭
 ଠ, ।⠢  㭪 1-1.

     1-1        ࠭  ⨫ ᯮ
Ŀ
 You can let EXPORT prompt you for parameters by entering the   
 EXP command followed by your username/password:                
                                                                
     Example: EXP SCOTT/TIGER                                   
                                                                
 Or, you can control how EXPORT runs by entering the EXP command
 followed by various arguments. To specify parameters, you use  
 keywords:                                                      
                                                                
     Format:  EXP KEYWORD=value or KEYWORD=(value1,value2,...,  
              valueN)                                           
     Example: EXP SCOTT/TIGER GRANTS=Y TABLES=(EMP,DEPT,MGR)    
                                                                
 Keyword  Description (Default)      Keyword      Description   
                                                  (Default)     
 ---------------------------------------------------------------
 USERID   username/password          FULL         export entire 
                                                  file          
 BUFFER   size of data buffer        OWNER        list of owner 
                                                  usernames     
 FILE     output file (EXPDAT.DMP)   TABLES       list of table 
                                                  names         
 COMPRESS import into one extent (Y) RECORDLENGTH length of 10  
                                                  records       
 GRANTS   export grants (N)          INCTYPE      incremental   
                                                  export type   
 INDEXES  export indexes (Y)         RECORD       track incr.   
                                                  export (Y)    
 ROWS     export data rows (Y)       PARFILE      parameter     



                                    -- 13 --



                                                  filename      
 CONSTRAINTS export table constraints                           


    ⮤   ப

     짮⥫ ।  ࠬ  ⨫
  ப,  ᪮  ⮤ ᯥ稢  -
   ஫  楤ன ᯮ஢. 쪮 
⮤   ।⠢   ⠪ ,   ஢
蠣 ᯮ஢  ᯮ짮 䠩 ࠬ஢.
    ᫨   訫    ࠬ (㬥)   
ப,  ᫥    㬥  ⨫  ᯮ짮
ᮮ⢥饥 祢 ᫮.  ଠ  ப:
    EXP _=祭  _=(祭) 
        _=(祭1, 祭2, ...)
    ਬ  㬥⮢   ப:
    EXP USERID=SCOTT/TIGER TABLES=(EMP,DEPT,PARTS) GRANTS=Y
    EXP SYSTEM/MANAGER FULL=Y FILE=NOV13.EXP
    ᫨    頥   ப   襩 ⥬
 ন ७   ப,   ᯮ짮
ࠬ PARFILE (ᬠਢ  ᫥饬 ࠧ).

    祢 ᫮ ⨫ ᯮ

    祭 祢 ᫮,      ࠢ
室 믮 楤 ᯮ஢:

祢 ᫮   祭  㬮砭   ᠭ

USERID        ।        짮⥫  ஫ (ࠧ 
                                 ᨬ "  "), 騥 
                                 짮- ⥫, 믮饣 ᯮ .   
                                 ᫨  祭 ।   ࢮ 
                                 㬥, 祢 ᫮ USERID  ॡ.

BUFFER         ⥬   , ᯮ㥬  롮ન ப 
                                 ,  .  ᫨ 㪠 㫥 
                                 祭  ᫨ ப  ᮤঠ  ⨯ 
                                 LONG,   饭  롨ࠥ ⮫쪮 
                                  ப.

FILE         EXPDAT.DMP           뢮 䠩, ᮧ ⨫⮩ 
                                 ᯮ.

GRANTS       N                   , 뢠騩, ந  
                                 ᯮ஢ 稩 (ਢ).
INDEXES      Y                   , 뢠騩, ந  
                                 ᯮ஢ ᮢ.
ROWS         Y                   , 뢠騩, ந   
                                 ᯮ஢ ப ⠡.
CONSTRAINTS  N                   , 뢠騩, ந  
                                 ᯮ஢ ⠡  ࠭祭.
COMPRESS     Y                   , 뢠騩, ந   ६ 
                                 ஢ ᦠ⨥ ⠡     
                                  ⥭.
FULL         N                   , 뢠騩, ந   


                                    -- 14 --



                                 ᯮ஢ ᥩ   .  祭 
                                 FULL=Y    ⮬,  ᯮ஢ 
                                       ०   .

OWNER        ⥪騩 짮⥫쑯᮪    짮⥫,  ꥪ 
                                  ᯮ஢.  祭 OWNER= 
                                 =ᯨ᮪_짮⥫   ⮬,   - 
                                 ஢     ० 짮⥫.

TABLES        ।       ᮪  ᯮ㥬 ⠡. 祭 
                                 TABLES=ᯨ᮪_⠡   ⮬,   - 
                                 ஢    ० ⠡.

RECORDLENGTH   ⥬      䠩  .

INCTYPE       ।        蠣 ᯮ.   祭   
                                 - COMPLETE, CUMULATIVE    INCREMENTAL.

RECORD       Y                   , 뢠騩,  ॣ஢  室  
                                 蠣 ᯮ஢         
                                 ⠡ SYS.INCVID  SYS.INCEXP.

PARFILE       ।        䠩 ࠬ஢ ᯮ஢, 
                                 ᮤঠ饣 ᯥ䨪樨    
                                 ᪮쪨 - ࠬ஢.

     :
    1. ࠬ BUFFER (ࠧ )   ᫮ ப  -
       ᨢ, 롨ࠥ 楤ன ᯮ஢.   -
       ᫨ ࠧ , 室  ᫥饣:
       ࠧ_ = ᫮_ப__ᨢ * ᨬ_ࠧ_ப

    2.  㬮砭  ६ ஢    ᦨ  
        ⥭. ⮡ ࠭ ࢮ砫 ࠧ 室-
        ⥭, ᫥ 㪠 COMPRESS=N.

    3.   ⮬,   ᯮ஢   ० ⠡-
       , 짮⥫       ,   
       ப ந   祢 ᫮ TABLES=ᯨ᮪_
       ⠡, OWNER=ᯨ᮪_짮⥫  FULL=Y, ᮮ⢥⢥.
    4.   ० ⠡ ࠬ GRANTS  㪠뢠 ⮫쪮
         ப.
    5.   ࠡ  ० ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢ -
       祭 ࠬ INDEXES ⮬᪨ ⠭ ࠢ-
        Y.     ०    ப  祭  ࠬ
       INDEXES   ⠭ .
    6. 祭  ࠬ஢ CONSTRAINTS,  RECORDLENGTH,  INCTYPE,
       RECORD  PARFILE  ⠭ ⮫쪮    ப.
    7. ࠬ RECORDLENGTH 㦥 ⮣,     -
        ᯮ-䠩   樮 ⥬,  ன
          ࠬ  ᯮ  㣮  祭  
       㬮砭 (.  "ORACLE Installation and User's Guide" 
       襩 ⥬),   ⮣,    ᮧ 䠩 
       㣨 ࠧ஬ .
    8. ࠬ PARFILE ᮡ   ⮬ 砥,  -
        ந   ॣ୮ ᭮.    -
        ᯥ䨪樨  㪠  ࠬ஢  䠩 
        쭥襬   ᪠   ⨫  ᯮ    EXP

                                    -- 15 --



       PARFILE=_䠩.  ࠬ஢      
       䠩, 饣  ࠬ஢, ࠧ ஡ 
       ᨬ  ⪨,   ᫥饬 ਬ:

       SYSTEM/MANAGER
       FULL=Y
       FILE=DBA.DMP
       GRANTS=Y
       INDEXES=Y

    ⭮襭  ࠬࠬ

     祭  㬥⮢     ப,  
㪠 ⨢   祭.  ਬ, ᪮
ࠬ TABLES  㯠  ⨢稥  ࠬ஬ OWNER,  -
,   ᫥饩, ਢ  ४饭 楤 -
஢  訡:

    EXP SYSTEM/MANAGER OWNER=JONES TABLES=SCOTT.EMP

    ࠬ OWNER 筮 ⠪  㯠  ⨢稥  -
 ࠬ FULL=Y.
    ᬮ  ,   ६ 㪠 祭 ROWS=N 
INCTYPE=INCREMENTAL  ⨬,  楫 蠣 ᯮ-
஢,    १ࢨ஢ ⠡, ଠ  -
   ᫥ ᯮ஢ ௥  ,
 ⮬  㤥 ⨣.

    ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢

    ⨫ ᯮ  ᮡ  㪠 ଠ樨
  ਨ ࠪ⨢ ᮢ,   ᬮ७
. ( ⮬ 蠣  ⨢ ᯮ஢  -
 믮  ࠪ⨢ ०.  ᯮ짮  -
 ࠬ  䠩 ࠬ஢.)    ᮢ ᮯ-
 ᪠ ⢥  㬮砭; ᫨ ⢥  㬮砭
 㤮⢮,    ENTER  RETURN.  ᢮
ᮡ⢥ ⢥,    窨  (.)       
RETURN.
      㤥 ᬠਢ ⨯ ᮢ,   
ᯮ짮 ⮤  ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢.   ६
ᥠ      , ᪮  
   ᮢ       ⢥⮢  㣨
.
      ᮢ ᠥ 祭 ࠬ BUFFER  -
 ࠧ ࠭⢠,  室   ਧ樨  ப
.  ᪮७ ࠡ ⨫ ᯮ ᯮ ணࠬ
롮ન १ ᨢ. 祭  㬮砭 筮 筮, 
, ⮡  ࠧ     ࠧ ᠬ 
ப. ᫨  㪠 㫥 祭,   饭 㤥
롨 ⮫쪮  ப.

    Enter array fetch buffer size: 4096 >

     ⢥    ᫥騩      ᯮ-䠩 (
㬮砭 - EXPDAT.DMP).  ᫨   ⮫쪮      (
७), ⨯ 䠩 㤥 DMP.


                                    -- 16 --



    Export file: EXPDAT.DMP >

     ⢥    ᫥騩  짮⥫  㪠,  
 ०    ᯮ஢ -   ०  ⠡
   ० 짮⥫; 짮⥫  ਢﬨ DBA 
⠪ ࠡ  ०   .

    E(ntire database), U(sers), or T(ables): U >

    ᫨  ᫥騩   ⢥ "" (Y),  ꥬ ᯮ-
㥬 稩  㤥   ० ᯮ஢.  
०   ᯮ஢       
⠡楩;  ० 짮⥫ ᯮ ⮫쪮  -
,  뫨 뤠 楬 ⠡.

    Export grants (Y/N): N >

    ᫨ ⠪  ⢥    ᫥騩 ,    
⠡  ᯮ஢   ᠭﬨ ⠡.  ᫨
 ⢥ 㤥 "" (N),  ᯮ஢  ⮫쪮 ᠭ ⠡.

    Export table data (Y/N): Y >

    ᫨ "" (Y)  ⢥  ᫥騩 , ᯮ㥬
   ⠡       ஢ ᦨ 
 ⥭. ᫨  ⢥ 㤥 "" (N),  ⠡  ᮧ-
    ࠬ ࠭,   묨  뫨 -
஢.
    ᬮ  ,  ᦠ⨥  ந  -
, 짮⥫ 㦭   ⮬   ⠯  -
஢. 稭 ⠪   ,   ᯮ
   襣 ⢥.   ࠧ, ᫨  ᯮ-
஢   ᦠ⨥ ,   㤥 -
 ⮫쪮  ᦠ⮩ ଥ.

    Compress extents (Y/N): Y >

     ⢥  ।    㪠   ᫥饣
짮⥫, ꥪ ண  ᯮ஢. ᫨  
  ⥪騩 ᥠ ᯮ஢,    
ENTER  RETURN.

    User to be exported: (RETURN to quit) >

    ᫨   ᫥騩 ,   ᫥   -
। ᯮ㥬 ⠡.      ⠡  
㪠     㪠   楢; ᫨  
 㪠,   㬮砭  ⢥  ਭ  짮-
⥫, 믮饣 ᯮ஢,    ᫥
ᯮ஢襩 ⠡. , ਬ, ᫨ 짮⥫ BETH
 ਢ  DBA     ᯮ஢  ० ⠡,
⨫ ᯮ ࠪ  ⠡  ਭ騥  짮-
⥫ BETH   ,    㤥 㪠 㣮  짮-
⥫. 쪮 짮⥫  ਢ DBA   ᯮ஢
⠡, ਭ騥 㣮 짮⥫.

    Table to be exported: (RETURN to quit) >


                                    -- 17 --



    ਬ ࠡ ⨫ ᯮ
    ------------------------------
      ᬮ७ ਬ ࠡ ⨫  ᯮ,   -
騥 ᯮ짮  ⮤  ࠬ஢  -
 ப   ࠪ⨢ 롮  ० ᯮ஢ -
 , 짮⥫  ⠡.

    ਬ ᯮ஢  ०   

     ०    ᯮ஢   ⮫-
 짮⥫,  騥 ਢ DBA.   ਬ  䠩
DBA.DMP ᯮ    ᥬ ﬨ  ᥬ -
ন.
ᯮ஢ ⮤   ࠬ஢   ப:

    EXP SYSTEM/MANAGER FULL=Y FILE=DBA.DMP GRANTS=Y INDEXES=Y

      ᠬ ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢:

    EXP SYSTEM/MANAGER
    Export: Version 6.0 - Production on Fri Apr 1 18:15:32 1988
    Copyright (c)   Oracle  Corporation  1979,  1988.  All rights
    reserved.

    Connected to: ORACLE TPS V6.0 - Production
    Enter array fetch buffer size: 4096 > (RETURN)
    Export file: EXPDAT.DMP > dba.dmp
    E(ntire database), U(sers), T(ables): U > e
    Export grants (Y/N): N > y
    Export table data (Y/N): Y > y
    Compress extents (Y/N): Y > y

  ⮬,    㣮 砥   ᯮ஢  ࠭ 뢮 
᫥ ଠ:
    About to export the entire database ...
    . exporting user definitions
    . exporting tablespace definitions
    . exporting rollback segment definitions
    . exporting database links
    . exporting cluster definitions
    . about to export PUBLIC's tables
    . about to export SYSTEM's tables
    . about to export SCOTT's tables
    . exporting table                 DEPT      4 rows exported
    ( ..,  ⠡  )

    ਬ ᯮ஢  ० 짮⥫

    ᯮ஢  ० 짮⥫  १ࢨ஢
, ਭ騥   짮⥫. , 짮⥫ DBA
  १ࢨ஢ ⠡ 짮⥫, 㤠
 ⥬,   ﭨ, ᫮襬  - ਮ ६-
.  짮⥫ 㤮 ⠪   짮⥫,  -
 㦭  १ࢨ஢  ᢮  ᮡ⢥  ,    
짮⥫,  㦭 믮 뫪 ꥪ⮢   -
   㣮.



                                    -- 18 --



      ਬ 짮⥫ JOE  믮  ᯮ஢
 ᢮ ⠡  ० 짮⥫.
    ᯮ஢ ⮤   ࠬ஢   k:

    EXP JOEUSER/JOEPASS FILE=JOE.DMP GRANTS=Y INDEXES=Y

      ᠬ ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢:

    EXP JOEUSER/JOEPASS
    Export: Version 6.0 - Production on Fri Apr 1 18:10:32 1988
    Copyright (c)   Oracle  Corporation  1979,  1988.  All rights reserved.

    Connected to: ORACLE TPS V6.0 - Production
    Enter array fetch buffer size: 4096 > (RETURN)
    Export file: EXPDAT.DMP > joe.dmp
    E(ntire database), U(sers), T(ables): U > u
    Export grants (Y/N): N > y
    Export table data (Y/N): Y > y
    Compress extents (Y/N): Y > y

      ⮬,    㣮 砥   ᯮ஢  -
࠭ 뢮 ᫥ ଠ:

    About to export JOE's objects ...
    . exporting database links
    . exporting cluster definitions
    . exporting sequence numbers
    . about to export JOE's tables
    . exporting table               PEOPLE    100 rows exported
    ( ..,  ⠡ 짮⥫ JOE  )

    ਬ ᯮ஢  ० ⠡

     ⮬ ०   ந ᯮ஢  ⠡-
   ⮫쪮 ᠭ ⠡.  (᫨  ⠡ 
ᯮ,   ⮬  砥  ᯮ  ᠭ  CREATE
TABLE   ﬨ  ᠬ,  ᫨ ⠪  ।.)
    짮⥫  ਢ DBA  ⮬ ०   ᯮ-
஢ ⠡, ਭ騥  㣮 짮⥫, 㪠
祭 ࠬ TABLE=(_짮⥫._⠡). ᫨ 
짮⥫  㪠,  㬮砭  ⢥  ਭ
  ᫥ ᯮ஢襩 ⠡.   ᫨  ।
⨬   ந  ᯮ஢ ⠡,   ⢥ 
짮⥫ ਭ  , 믮饣 楤.  ᫥-
饬 ਬ   ⢥  짮⥫  㬮砭 ਭ-
:  ⠡ A - SYSTEM,  ⠡ C - SCOTT.

    EXP SYSTEM/MANAGER TABLES=(A, SCOTT.B, C, MARY.D)

    짮⥫,  騩 ਢ DBA,  ᯮ஢
⮫쪮 ᢮ ᮡ⢥ ⠡.  ᯮ  ᯮ-
 ⥪ 祭 ࠬ஢ ࠭. ᫨  ࠬ
 﫨  ALTER TABLE,   祭  筮 ᮮ-
 祭,   ᮧ ⠡.
    ᯮ஢   ० ⠡  砥  ᥡ ᠭ
஢;  १    ਧ



                                    -- 19 --



⠡.   ࠧ,     ᯮ짮 ⨫ ᯮ
 ਧ樨 ⠡,   뢠 㦭  ⮬ 砥, 
 襩   墠⪠ ᢮ ࠭⢠.

     ਬ

     ࢮ ਬ 짮⥫  ਢ DBA 믮 -
ᯮ஢ 㪠 ⠡, ਭ  짮⥫.
    ᯮ஢ ⮤   ࠬ஢   ப:

    EXP SYSTEM/MANAGER  TABLES=(MORT.BAR, MARY.APP)  GRANTS=Y INDEXES=Y

  ᠬ ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢:
    EXP SYSTEM/MANAGER
    Export: Version 6.0 - Production on Fri Apr 1 10:18:23 1988
    Copyright (c)   Oracle  Corporation  1979,  1988.  All rights reserved.

    Connected to: ORACLE TPS V6.0 - Production
    Enter array fetch buffer size: 4096 > (RETURN)
    Export file: EXPDAT.DMP > (RETURN)
    E(ntire database), U(sers), T(ables): U > T
    Export table data (Y/N): Y > (RETURN)
    Compress extents (Y/N): Y > Y

   ᯮ஢   ࠭ 뢮 ᫥ ଠ:
    About to export specified tables ...
    Table Name: mort.bar       (⮫쪮 ࠪ⨢ ᥠ)
    Current user changed to MORT
    . exporting table               BAR      2355 rows exported
    Table Name: mary.app       (⮫쪮 ࠪ⨢ ᥠ)
    Current user changed to MARY
    . exporting table               APP     14947 rows exported
    Table Name: (RETURN)       (⮫쪮 ࠪ⨢ ᥠ)
    [⨫ ᯮ    䠩]

    ன ਬ

     ᫥饬 ਬ 짮⥫ LEWIS   ᯮ஢
⤥ ਭ  ⠡.
    ᯮ஢ ⮤   ࠬ஢   ப:

    EXP LEWIS/NEWYORK FILE=LEW.DMP TABLES=(CREDITS, DEBITS)

      ᠬ ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢:

    EXP LEWIS/NEWYORK
    Export: Version 6.0 - Production on Fri Apr 1 10:43:23 1988
    Copyright (c)   Oracle  Corporation  1979,  1988.  All rights reserved.

    Connected to: ORACLE TPS V6.0 - Production
    Enter array fetch buffer size: 4096 > (RETURN)
    Export file: EXPDAT.DMP > lew.dmp
    U(sers), T(ables): U > T
    Export table data (Y/N): Y > Y
    Compress extents (Y/N): Y > Y

       ᯮ஢   ࠭ 뢮 ᫥ ଠ:


                                    -- 20 --



    About to export specified tables ...
    Table Name: credits        (⮫쪮 ࠪ⨢ ᥠ)
    . exporting table             CREDITS     423 rows exported
    Table Name: debits         (⮫쪮 ࠪ⨢ ᥠ)
    . exporting table             DEBITS      423 rows exported
    Table Name: (RETURN)       (⮫쪮 ࠪ⨢ ᥠ)
    [⨫ ᯮ    䠩]

    蠣  ⨢ ᯮ
    --------------------------------
     6- ᨨ  ORACLE    ࠧ -
ᯮ: 蠣  ⨢ ().   ࠧ-
,  ᯮ, ᯮ   묨 .
    蠣 ᯮ ⮨  १ࢨ஢ ⮫쪮  ⠡,
ᮤন     ᫥ ᯮ஢ (蠣-
, ⨢  )  ௥ .   ⮬
१ࢨ   ⮫쪮 訥 ப,  ᠭ ⠡-
    ᮤন. 蠣 ᯮ ਬ,  -
, ࠧ , 祬 ⨢  .
    ⨢ ᯮ ⮨  १ࢨ஢ ⮫쪮  ⠡-
, ᮤন  ௥    ᫥
⨢   ᯮ஢.  ࠧ, -
⨢ ᯮ  蠣,  ਬ ०.  
ᯮ짮  ࠧ ᯮ  ᦠ ꥬ  䠩
蠣 ᯮ;  ᫥ ஢ ⨢ ᯮ -
室  ࠭  䠩 蠣 ᯮ  ⯠.
     ᯮ  ᮢ  ᯮ⮬    ०  
,   ண  砥  ᥡ   ⠡,  -
㥬  ஢ ᮢ 蠣    ⨢
ᯮ஢.

    २⢠

    蠣   ⨢ ࠧ ᯮ  -
 ஡, 騥 । 짮⥫  ਢ DBA (-
ࠬ ),   ࠡ  짮⥫᪮ -
㦥. ,  ਬ,      
⠭ ⠡, 砩 㤠 㣨 짮⥫ﬨ.

 ࠧ  ᯮ  ᫥騬 २⢠:
    *  㤮 ।⢠ १ࢨ஢ ,
    *  १ࢨ஢ ⪮४஢ ⠡,  ᮪-
      饭   ⮣ ꥬ ᯮ-䠩,
    * ᮪饭  த⥫쭮   믮   楤   
      ࠢ  ᯮ⮬   (᫨  ࣫
        ⠡ ),
    * 㠫     १ ஢ (᫨
      ᫥  ᯮ ந 蠣).
       믮 蠣 ᯮ ⮫쪮  ० 
 (FULL=Y);  ⮬ ᯮ   ⠡,   ௥訥
   ᫥ 蠣 ᯮ஢.

     ஢

    ⨢   蠣  ࠧ ᯮ ॡ 
᢮ ஢ ਮ᪮ ᯮ짮    ᯮ
, ᮧ饣 ᭮  १ࢨ஢.   ⮩ ᭮ -
⥫ DBA  믮 ⮥ 蠣  ᯮ஢  

                                    -- 21 --



६   ६  ਡ  ⨢ ᯮ஢.  
祭 । ਮ ६  横 ᫥  -
 ᭠砫,  ந  ᯮ .
    ⨢  蠣 ᯮ  ஢  ᫥饬 .
    ।,    ⢥    ଠ樮
業  믮 ᫥騥 㭪樨:
    *  ᯮ (X)   
    * ⨢ ᯮ (C)  
    * 蠣 ᯮ (I)  .
     ⮬  ਤন ᫥饣 :

᫮
:     1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
            X I I I I I C I I  I  I  I  I  I  C  I  I  I  I  I  X

    ᫨   10-   믮﫨 ⠭  ,   
⢥ 㥬     ᯮ짮:
    * १ 蠣 ᯮ, ந 10 ᫠
    * १  ᯮ, ந 1 ᫠
    * १ ⨢ ᯮ, ந 7 ᫠
    * १  蠣 ᯮ⮢,  ந 8,  9  10 ᫠ 
     蠣  ᯮ,  ந襣  ண  ⮥ 
᫮,  ⠭ 㦭묨,    ஢  7 ᫠ ⨢  
ᯮ,  稢襣  ᥡ  ।騥 १.  
ਬ砭: 冷 ᯮ짮 蠣 ᯮ ࠦ  ᮮ⢥饬 
            ࠧ ன .

    ⠢ ᯮ㥬 

     蠣  ⨢ ᯮ ⮨   -
஢   㧪 ⮫쪮  ꥪ⮢  (஢,  ⠡,
஢  ᨭ),   ௥   ।-
 ࢠ ६.  ⠡ 易  㣨 ꥪ⠬,
  ⮦  ᯮ஢.  ᠬ ,  
⭮   .
     稩  ⭮襭  ⠡栬   ࠬ  -
   ᮮ⢥  ⠡.  
ᯮ    ⠡楩, ᨬ  ⮣, 
  뫨 ᮧ.
    ⨫ ᯮ 믮 ⮬ 㧪 ।⠢-
 ⠡, ᮣᮢ  ⥭,  ᫨  ⮬ ⠡
४.
     ४஢ ⠡ ( SQL UPDATE,  INSERT 
DELETE) ⮬᪨ ⠢ ⠡  ᯮ.

    ᯮ஢ ⠪     ,  訥 
१⮬ ᫥ ⢨:
    * ᮧ ⠡
    *  ᠭ ⠡  ALTER TABLE
    *   ४஢ ਥ (COMMENTS)
    * ४஢ 権  ॣ樮 ୠ
    *  稩 ( ஢)
    *   㤠 ᮢ
    *   ࠬ஢  ࠭  ᮢ     ALTER INDEX.

蠣  ⨢ ᯮ १ࢨ  ᫥騥  :
    *  ⥬ ꥪ ( ⮬ ᫥ ⠡  ࠭⢠,
      ᥣ ⠭   ਢ 짮⥫,  ஬

                                    -- 22 --



      ६ ᥣ⮢)
    *  짮⥫᪨ ꥪ  襯᫥
    * ଠ  㤠  ⥬ ꥪ
    * ,  ⠡,    ᨭ, ᮧ  
      ᫥ ᯮ஢.

    ⠪  ப

    蠣, ⨢   ࠧ ᯮ 
믮 ⮫쪮 짮⥫ﬨ,  騬 ਢ DBA.  -
 ப  ⮬  ᫥騩 ᨭ⠪:

    EXP _짮⥫/஫ INCTYPE=
    {INCREMENTALCUMULATIVECOMPLETE}

    :
    INCREMENTAL     ᯮ   ꥪ ,  ௥訥
                       ᫥ 蠣 -
                    ᯮ஢    ᫥        ⠡
                    SYS.INCEXP (  ᥭ    ⮫
                    ⠡ CTIME, ITIME  EXPID).
    CUMULATIVE      ᯮ   ꥪ ,  ௥訥
                       ᫥  ⨢
                    ᯮ஢    ᫥      ⠡
                    SYS.INCEXP ( ᥭ   ⮫
                    ⠡ CTIME, ITIME  EXPID).
    COMPLETE        ᯮ  ꥪ,  ⮬  ⠡
                    SYS.INCEXP   SYS.INCVID .  (⮥
                    㪠 FULL=Y  頥  ⠡,  ᫨
                    ࠬ INCTYPE  ⮬  㪠.)
    ਬ砭:  믮 蠣  ⨢  -
   ⠡ SYS.INCFIL  ப,  
ᯮ-䠩  짮⥫, 믮饣 ᯮ஢.

    ਬ 蠣 ᯮ

    ந㥬 믮 蠣 ᯮ    ᫥饬
ਬ.     ,   蠣 ᯮ஢
 맢  믮 ⮫쪮 ⮤   ࠬ஢  
 ப.

    EXP SYSTEM/MANAGER INCTYPE=INCREMENTAL

    Export: Version 6.0 - Production on Fri Apr 1 1:28:23 1988
    Copyright (c)   Oracle  Corporation  1979,  1988.  All rights reserved.

    Connected to: ORACLE TPS V6.0 - Production

    About to export the entire database ...
    . exporting user definitions
    . exporting tablespace definitions
    . exporting rollback segment definitions
    . exporting database links
    . exporting cluster definitions
    . about to export PUBLIC's tables
    . about to export SYSTEM's tables
    . exporting table                IAPAPP     2 rows exported
    . exporting table                IAPFLD     8 rows exported

                                    -- 23 --



    . exporting table                IAPTRG     0 rows exported
    ...
    . about to export SCOTT's tables
    . exporting table                EMP       22 rows exported
    . exporting table                BONUS      0 rows exported
    ...
    . about to export BLAKE's tables
    . about to export CLARK's tables
    . about to export SMITH's tables
    . exporting table                ERRORS   957 rows exported
    . exporting referential integrity constraints
    . exporting synonyms and views
    . exporting default and system auditing options
    . exporting information about dropped objects
    Export terminated successfully

    , ন騥 蠣  ⨢ ᯮ

    짮⥫ SYS   楬    ⠡  (INCEXP,
INCFIL  INCVID), ᯥ稢 ࠡ ⨫ ᯮ/. 
   ⠡   .
    ⨫ ᯮ     ⠡楩,  ᫥饩 ਮ-
筮 㧪 ⠡ ᯥ樠묨  ᯮ.  ⠡-
   SYS.INCEXP  ⮨  ᫥ ⮫殢:
    OWNERID        䨪  ⠡.
    NAME            ꥪ.     祭 OWNERID 
                    ࠧ ࢨ  ⠡.
    TYPE            ꥪ (, 騩 ⠡, ,
                   ᨭ  )
    CTIME            ᫥ ⨢ ᯮ஢
                    ꥪ.
    ITIME            ᫥  蠣   ᯮ஢
                    ꥪ.
    EXPID           䨪樨 蠣  ⨢
                   ᯮ, ᮤন ⠪  ⠡ SYS.INCFIL.
    짮⥫ DBA ( )    ᯮ짮  
ଠ ᪮쪨  ᯮᮡ.   ਬ,    ⠡
SYS.INCEXP   ᣥ஢ ,  뢠騩  १
 ᯮ஢.
     ⠡ SYS.INCFIL   ஢ 蠣   -
⨢ ᯮ  ॣ樮 ,  ன -
 ᢠ 㭨  䨪樨.  ⮨
 ᫥ ⮫殢:
    EXPID           䨪樨 蠣  ⨢
                   ᯮ, ᮤন    ⠪         ⠡
                   SYS.INCEXP.
    EXPFILE         ᯮ-䠩.
    EXPDATE         ᯮ஢.
    EXPUSER          짮⥫,  믮襣 ᯮ஢-
                   .
    EXPTYPE         ᯮ (蠣  ⨢).
     ⠡,  SYS.INCVID,  ᮤন  ⮫   
䨪樨 ᫥ 믮 ᯮ.    ᯮ-
  롮  䨪樨 । ᯮ.





                                    -- 24 --



         2   
        
         冷 ᯮ짮 ⨫ -
. ⨫  ९뢠   ᯮ-䠩  
ORACLE. ਬ,   ᫨  㧨  ᢮ ⠡   
䠩   MYDATA.EXP,    ⮣ 䠩 㤥 -
  ⠭   ⠡  㧪  ᮤন.
     饩  ᬠਢ ᫥騥 :
    * ᭮ , 騥 堭 ஢
    * ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢    ப
    * ࠬ ஢
    * 蠣 
    ਠ  ९ ਬࠬ.

    ᭮ 
    ------------------
      ࠧ  ᭮ ,   騥
 堭 ஢ .

    ਢ 㯠

    ⮡ 믮 ஢ ,  ᫥  -
 㯠   ORACLE   ⨯  RESOURCE,   ⠪    ⨯
CONNECT,   ⠪ ࠢ 㯠  ᯮ-䠩.   믮-
 ஢   ⮬ 砥, ᫨ ᯮ-䠩  ᮧ-
  .  , ᫨ ᯮ-䠩 ᮧ 짮⥫ DBA,
 ஢  믮 ⮫쪮 짮⥫,  -
騬   ਢ.

    ࠬ ࠭

        ᢮ ࢮ砫쭮 ⠡筮 -
࠭⢮, ᯮ  室 ࠬ ࠭.  ᫨  ⠡筮
࠭⢮         ᫨  짮⥫ 
ਢ 㯠 ⨯ RESOURCE  ⠡筮 ࠭,  -
⥬ 롨ࠥ   짮⥫ ࠭⢮  㬮砭.
᫨  짮⥫  ਢ ⨯ RESOURCE   ࠭
 㬮砭,  ⠡ 짮⥫ ஢  .  (
⮬,   ᯮ짮 ⨬  ᢮ 룮 . ࠧ "-
 ⠡ ࠭"   3.)
    ᫨  ⠯ ᯮ஢  ࠭   "ᦠ-
 ⥭⮢",  ࠬ ࠭ ⠡ 讣 ࠧ -
ࠨ ⠪ ࠧ,  ⮡  㥬    ⠡
ଠ ࠧ頫  砫쭮 ᥣ.  ᫨   -
࠭ ࢮ砫 ࠧ ᥣ,  ⪠  ᦠ -
  ᯮ஢.

    樨  䠩

    ᯮ-䠩 ⮬᪨   ᮧ    ᨬ  
(ASCII  EBCDIC),  ਭ  ⮩ ⥬,  믮 -
. 뢠 ᯮ-䠩, ⨫  믮 室
८ࠧ  ⮬᪨.

    ࠡ⪠ 訡




                                    -- 25 --



     砥    訡 ⨫   ⠥ -
 ᢮ ࠡ.  ᫨ 訡   ஢ ப, -
  ᮮ饭  訡  த ࠡ  ⠫쭮
 ⠡. , ᫨ 訡  ⠫ ࠪ (-
ਬ, 뤥 筮 ),  ⨫   ४頥
ࠡ ⥪饩 ⠡  室  ᫥饩 ⠡. ᫨ 
 ப 㪠 ࠬ COMMIT=Y, ⨫  -
  ⠡  , 襤 ஢,  ⨢-
 砥 ⥪ ⠡ ਭ ࢮ砫 . ( -
 COMMIT  .     ࠧ  "祢  ᫮  ⨫ "
饩 .)

    ࠭祭

     ६ 樠樨   ORACLE  ᮧ    ⥬
ᥣ ⠭ (㥬 SYSTEM).  ORACLE ᯮ
 ᥣ ⮫쪮   ࠭権,     -
⠬, ਭ騬 ⠡筮 ࠭ SYSTEM.   -
祭  㤥    祭,   ᫨    
 ⮫쪮  ⠡筮 ࠭⢮ SYSTEM.  ,  ᫨ 
㦭 ந ஢   㣮 ⠡筮  -
࠭⢮,   ᮧ  ᥣ ⠭.  ஡-
  ⮬ .    3,   ࠧ  "    ᥣ
⠭".

     짮 ⨫⮩ 
    --------------------------------

      뢠 ⨫ ᯮ    믮    
᫥  ᯮᮡ:
    *  IMP _짮⥫/஫,  뢠  ⥬  ᠬ
      ᥠ ࠪ⨢  롮  ࠬ஢   ᠬ ᠬ ⨫.
    *   IMP  _짮⥫/஫,   ன ᫥
      㬥, ࠢ騥 ᪮ ⨫.

     2-1    ࠭  ⨫ 
Ŀ
 You can let import prompt you for parameters by entering the   
 IMP command followed by your username/password:                
     Example: IMP SCOTT/TIGER                                   
 Or, you can control how import runs by entering the IMP command
 followed by various arguments. To specify parameters, you use  
 keywords:                                                      
     Format:  IMP KEYWORD=value or KEYWORD=(value1,value2,...,  
              valueN)                                           
     Example: IMP SCOTT/TIGER IGNORE=Y TABLES=(EMP,DEPT) FULL=N 
                                                                
 Keyword  Description (Default)      Keyword      Description   
                                                  (Default)     
 ---------------------------------------------------------------
 USERID   username/password          FULL         import entire 
                                                  file (N)      
 BUFFER   size of data buffer        FROMUSER     list of owner 
                                                  usernames     
 FILE     output file (EXPDAT.DMP)   TOUSER       list of       
                                                  usernames     
 SHOW     just list file contents(N) TABLES       list of table 
                                                  names         

                                    -- 26 --



 IGNORE   ignore create errors (Y)   RECORDLENGTH length of 10  
                                                  records       
 GRANTS   import grants (N)          INCTYPE      incremental   
                                                  import type   
 INDEXES  import indexes (Y)         COMMIT       commit array  
                                                  insert (N)    
 ROWS     import data rows (Y)       PARFILE      parameter     
                                                  filename      


    ᫨   㪠 ࠬ _짮⥫/஫,  ⨫
  祭.   ᯮᮡ    ᢮  -
஫   ७,  ᪮ ⨫   ⮡ࠦ -
 祭  .
    ⨫  ।⠢ ࠪ⨢ .  ᫨ -
 ப,   ,    IMP HELP=Y,  ࠭
 ଠ, ।⠢  㭪 2-1.

    ⮤   ப

     짮⥫  ।  ࠬ ⨫
  ப,  ᪮  ⮤ ᯥ稢  -
   ஫  楤ன ஢.  ᫨  -
訫  ࠬ (㬥)    ப,  ᫥-
     㬥 ⨫ ᯮ짮 ᮮ⢥饥
祢 ᫮.  ଠ  ப:

    IMP _=祭  _=(祭) 
        _=(祭1, 祭2, ...)
    ਬ  㬥⮢   ப:
    IMP USERID=SCOTT/TIGER IGNORE=Y FULL=N TOUSER=JONES
    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER FULL=Y FILE=NOV13.EXP IGNORE=N GRANTS=N

    ᫨    頥   ப   襩 ⥬
 ন ७   ப,   ᯮ짮
ࠬ PARFILE (ᬠਢ  ᫥饬 ࠧ).

    祢 ᫮ ⨫ 

    祭 祢 ᫮,      ࠢ
室 믮 楤 ஢:

祢 ᫮   祭  㬮砭   ᠭ

USERID        ।       짮⥫  ஫ (ࠧ ᨬ 
                                "  "), 騥 
                                짮⥫, 믮饣  .  ᫨ 
                                 祭 ।  ࢮ 㬥, 
                                祢 ᫮ USERID  ॡ.

BUFFER         ⥬  , ᯮ㥬  뫪 
                                ப ,  .

FILE         EXPDAT.DMP          ᯮ-䠩, 㦠 ⨫⮩ 
                                .




                                    -- 27 --



SHOW         N                  , 뢠騩,  -   ⮫쪮  
                                ᯨ᮪ ᮤন ᯮ-䠩-      
                                ஢ ⠡ ,     
                                ᮧ - - ⮢    
                                -  ᮤন .

IGNORE       Y                  , 뢠騩,  ஢  
                                 訡 ᮧ  ⮬ 砥, 
                                 ᮧ ꥪ 㦥  .

GRANTS       Y                  , 뢠騩, ந  
                                ஢ 稩 (ਢ).

INDEXES      Y                  , 뢠騩, ந  
                                ஢ ᮢ.

ROWS         Y                  , 뢠騩, ந  
                                ஢ ப ⠡.

FULL         N                  , 뢠騩, ந  ஢
                                 ᥩ   .  祭 FULL=N  
                                  ⮬,    - 㥬 
                                ꥪ⮢   ᮮ饭   ⨫.

FROMUSER      ।      ᮪    짮⥫,  ꥪ 
                                 ஢.

TOUSER        ।      ᮪   짮⥫,  
                                ।祭 㥬 .

TABLES        ।      ᮪   㥬 ⠡.     
                                 窨 (*)   砥 
                                ஢  ⠡.

RECORDLENGTH   ⥬     䠩    .

INCTYPE       ।       蠣  .   祭 - 
                                SYSTEM  RESTORE.

COMMIT       N                  , 뢠騩, ॣ஢   
                                  ᫥   .  
                                㬮砭   -  ᫥  
                                㧪  ⠡.

PARFILE       ।       䠩 ࠬ஢ ஢, ᮤঠ- 
                                饣 ᯥ䨪樨   ᪮쪨 
                                ࠬ஢.

     :
    1. ࠬ BUFFER (ࠧ )   ᫮ ப  -
       ᨢ, 롨ࠥ 楤ன ஢.    -
       ᫨ ࠧ , 室  ᫥饣:
       ࠧ_ =          ᫮_ப__ᨢ           *
       ᨬ_ࠧ_ப

    2. ᫨  饩 ⠡楩  易 - 㭨-
          ᫨  㪠 ࠬ IGNORE=Y,  㦥-
         ⠡ ப   ஢    㡫-

                                    -- 28 --



       .   蠣      ⭮襭; 
       蠣 ஢ 㦠 ꥪ ० 㤠-
         ⥬.

    3.  ࠪ⨢  롮  ࠬ஢  祭  ࠬ
       INDEXES ⮬᪨  ਭ  ࠢ  Y (㦥
        ᥣ 㦠).    ࠬ஢  -
        ப  祭 ࠬ INDEXES   -
       ࠭ .

    4. 祭 ࠬ஢ TOUSER,  RECORDLENGTH, INCTYPE, COMMIT
        PARFILE  㪠뢠 ⮫쪮   ப.

    5.   ᯮ஢ ,  ਭ騥  
       ᪮쪨 짮⥫,   ⥬ ஢  㣨
       짮⥫, 㪠   ப 祭 ࠬ-
       ஢ FROMUSER  TOUSER.

    6. ᬮ  ,   ᯮ஢ 㪠  ⠡-
          ᮯ஢  㪠      楢
       (ਬ, SCOTT.EMP),   ஢   ᪠-
       .  ᫥饬 ਬ ࠬ TABLES  ࠢ-
       :
       IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER TABLES=(SCOTT.EMP,SCOTT.DEPT)
       ᫨   㧨 ⠡,   ਭ騥  㣮
       짮⥫, 㪠   祭   ࠬ஢  FROMUSER  
       TABLES,     ᫥饬 ਬ:
       IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER FROMUSER=SCOTT TABLES=(EMP,DEPT)

    7. ࠬ RECORDLENGTH 㦥 ⮣,     
          樮 ⥬,   ன ᯮ-
        㣮 祭 ࠬ  㬮砭 (.   "ORACLE
       Installation and User's Guide"  襩 ⥬).

    8.    ப 祭  COMMIT=Y,     
       ந ஢    .  ᫨  㧪
       ⠡  ⠫쭠 訡,   맢 -
        ப   ⮬   ॣ  
       ( ⠭  ந).   ⥫ ࠧ-
        ⠡      ਢ  ⢥ 
       ६. ᫨ 㪠 祭 COMMIT=N,  
       訡 ⠭ 室 ﭨ ⠡.

    9. ࠬ PARFILE ᯮ  ⭮     ,
        ஢   믮  ॣ୮ -
       .   ࠭ ᯥ䨪樨  㪠 
       ࠬ஢  䠩   쭥襬 ᪠ ⨫ 
        IMP PARFILE=_䠩.   ࠬ஢  
        䠩,   饣  ࠬ஢,  ࠧ
       ஡  ᨬ  ⪨,    ᫥饬
       ਬ:
       SYSTEM/MANAGER
       FULL=Y
       FILE=DBA.EXP
       IGNORE=N
       GRANTS=N

    ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢

                                    -- 29 --



    ⨫   ᮡ  㪠  ଠ樨
  ਨ ࠪ⨢ ᮢ,   ᬮ७
. (  ⮬ 蠣 ஢   믮  
ࠪ⨢ ०.     ᯮ짮   ࠬ 
䠩 ࠬ஢.)    ᮢ ᮯ஢ ᪠-
 ⢥  㬮砭; ᫨ ⢥  㬮砭  㤮⢮-
,   ENTER  RETURN.
      ᮢ ᠥ   ᯮ-䠩, -
㦠 ⨫⮩ ,   ஥      㪠    ⮬
砥, ᫨  ⫨砥   䠩  㬮砭.  -
 㦠   ᯮ-䠩, ᮧ 㣨 짮-
⥫, ᫨   室 ࠢ 㯠  ⮬ 䠩.

    Import file: EXPDAT.DMP >

    騩   ᠥ ࠧ ,  ᯮ㥬 
㧪 ⠡. 祭  㬮砭 筮 筮, ,
᫨ 㦠 ⠡ ᮤঠ ⮫ ⨯ LONG,  祭
  㢥祭.       ࠧ
ᠬ  ப.

    Enter insert buffer size (minimum is 4096): 10240 >

    騩  ᠥ 室 ᬮ ᮤন
ᯮ-䠩 (᫨,  ਬ,  , ᮤন  
䠩 㦭  ⠡  ).  㪠 ⮩ 室-
  ०  ப ᯮ ࠬ SHOW.  ᫨ 
 ⢥ "" (N), ⨫ ३  ᫥饬 .
    ᫨  ⢥ "" (Y),   ஢  ப  
  ,  騥, ᬠਢ   䠩 
⮫쪮 ⤥  . ⨫ ⮡ࠦ ᮤঠ騥  -
ᯮ-䠩 SQL-।   ⮬ 浪,   ஬  
 믮  ஢.

    List contents of import file only (Y/N): N >

    騩  ᠥ ᮧ ⠡ ।  ஢-
 .  ⨫  ᥣ ०,  祬 㧨 ப
⠡, ⠥ ᮧ ᠬ ⠡ (᫨ ⠡ 㦥  -
,  ᬠਢ  訡).   ,  
 室  㧪   㦥  ⠡-
 (ਬ,   ᫨ ᯮ  ࠬ ࠭
 ᫨ ⠡ 祭  ); ⮡     -
,  ᫥    ⢥न⥫ ⢥.
    ᫨    ⢥ (   ⢥⮬   㬮-
), ப   㦥   ⮬ 砥,  ᫨ ⠡-
 뫠 ᮧ ࠭. 㣨 ᫮, ப  -
  㦥  ⠡.

    ᫨     ⥫  ⢥ (N),   
訡 ᮧ ⠡ ப 㦠  . (।-
 稭    ⮩  訡  ⢮
⠡   맮 ⨫ ;  ⢥ 㦨  㪠-
  ,   ⮬ 砥   訡.)

    Ignore create errors due to object existence (Y/N): Y >



                                    -- 30 --



     ॡ ⢥न⥫ ⢥:
    * ᫨ ஢    ,   ࠭-
      祭 ᢮ ࠭⢮,  ᫥   ᦠ-
      ⨨    㯭 ⠡   ⥭   -
      ६饭 ⠡  㣮 ⠡筮 ࠭⢮. ᫨ -
      ⥭  墠 ᬥ ,    ᫥饥 ᮮ饭:
      ORA-01547: failed   to  allocate  extent  of  size  num  in
      tablespace 'name'
      (ORA-01547:  墠⠥   ࠧ饭 ⥭ ࠧ-
      ஬ num  ⠡筮 ࠭⢥   'name')
       襭  ᥠ  ஢    ᫥ 
      ᮧ ᮮ⢥騥 ⠡  ᮮ⢥騬 ࠬ-
      ࠬ ࠭       ⠡  ⢥न⥫
      ⢥⮬  㪠 .  ᪮    ⠫
      ⠡  ६ ।饣 ᥠ 뫨 ᯥ譮 㦥,
        "Import entire export file ?" (㦠    
      ᮤন ᯮ-䠩 ?) ᫥ ⢥ "" (N).

    *   ᠬ 楤 ᫥ த  砥  -
       ᫥饩 訡:
      ORA-01556: maximum number of extents exceeded
      (ORA-01556: ॢ襭 ᨬ쭮-⨬ ⢮ ⥭⮢)
    ᫨    ᫥騩        ⢥  ""  (Y),   
ᯮ஢   㦥. ᫨ ᯮ஢
  ० 짮⥫,   ᯮ-䠩 ᮤঠ  
㦥 ⮫쪮  ࢮ ஢ (  ,   
뫨 뤠 楬); ᫨ ᯮ஢ ஢  ०-
  ,   ᯮ-䠩 ᮤঠ  ,  ⮬
᫥     ᫥  ஢ (뤠 짮⥫ﬨ,
 稫 ਢ  樨 GRANT).

    Import grants (Y/N): Y >

     㬮砭 ப    ஢ 㦠-
. ,   ᫨   ᫥騩  㤥  ⥫
⢥, ⨫  ᯮ  ᠭ , ⠪ 
CREATE TABLE  CREATE VIEW,    㤥 㦠 ப .
  ,     ᮧ.

    Import table data (Y/N): Y >

    騩  ।⠢   롨,  -
 ⠡  㦠  ᯮ-䠩.  ᫨  ⢥
"" (Y)  (⢥  㬮砭), 㦠   ᯮ-
 ⠡;   ⮬ ४  ᫥ 㧪 䠩-
 (楫)  ࠡ ⨫ .  ᫨  ⢥  ""
(N), ⨫      짮⥫   㦠
⠡, ਭ ⮬ 짮⥫.

    ᫨   -  ப   㦥  ,
ᮤন ⠡ ਬ ࢮ砫 .  ( ⮣  
०  ப  㪠 祭 COMMIT=Y.)  ᫨
 ६ 㧪  ⠡  ⠫쭠 訡,  -
  室  ᫥饩 ⠡. (稭 -
 ⠫ 訡  ७ ஡,  ⠪ -
  ᮢ,   ⭮, ᮢ .) -
   ॣ ᫥  ⠡.


                                    -- 31 --



    Import entire export file (Y/N): Y >

    ਬ ࠡ ⨫ 
    -----------------------------
      ᬮ७ ਬ ࠡ ⨫ , -
騥 ᯮ짮 ⮤   ࠬ஢    
ப   ࠪ⨢ 롮.

    ਬ ஢ ⤥ ⠡ 㪠 짮⥫

     ᫥饬 ਬ,  ᯮ 䠩, 祭  १
ᯮ஢  ०  ,   (DBA) -
 ⤥ ⠡  㪠 짮⥫.  -
ࠬ   ०  ப,   㪠뢠 祭 -
 TABLES     ଠ  TABLES=(_짮⥫._⠡).
᫨    짮⥫  㪠,   㬮砭  ⢥ 
ਭ   ᫥ ஢ ⠡.  
ࢮ ⠡     ⢥ ⮣   㬮砭 ਭ
 짮⥫, 믮饣 ஢.  ᫥饬 ਬ-
   ⠡  PEOPLE   THINGS  ⢥  짮⥫ 
㬮砭 ਭ  'JOE'.
    ஢ ⮤  ࠬ஢   ப:

    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER  FILE=DBA.DMP TABLES=(JOE.PLACES,  PEOPLE, THINGS)

      ᠬ ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢:

    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER
    Import: Version 6.0 - Production on Fri Apr 1 11:58:47 1988
    Copyright (c)   Oracle  Corporation  1979,  1988.  All rights reserved.

    Connected to: ORACLE TPS V6.0 - Production
    Import file: EXPDAT.DMP > dba.dmp
    Enter insert buffer size (minimum is 4096): 10240 > (RETURN)
    Export created by ORACLE version EXPORT: V6.0

    List contents of import file only (Y/N): N > (RETURN)
    Ignore create  errors  due  to  object  existence (Y/N):  Y > (RETURN)
    Import grants (Y/N): Y > (RETURN)
    Import table data (Y/N): Y > (RETURN)
    Import entire export file (Y/N): Y > n
    Username: joe
    Enter list of table names. Null list means all tables for user
    Enter table name or . if done: places
    Enter table name or . if done: people
    Enter table name or . if done: things
    Enter table name or . if done: .

      ஢  ࠭ 뢮 ᫥ ଠ:

    . importing JOE's objects into JOE
    .. importing table "PLACES"                50 rows imported
    .. importing table "PEOPLE"                100 rows imported
    .. importing table "THINGS"                666 rows imported

    ਬ ஢ ⠡,  㦥 㣨 짮⥫



                                    -- 32 --



    騩 ਬ  ஢ ⤥ ⠡
 ᯮ-䠩, ᮧ 㣨 짮⥫  ORACLE.
    ஢ ⮤  ࠬ஢   ப:

    IMP KEVIN/NEWYORK    FILE=ROSEMARY.DMP    TABLES=(APPLICANTS, CLIENTS)

      ᠬ ⮤ ࠪ⨢ 롮 ࠬ஢:

    IMP KEVIN/NEWYORK

    Import: Version 6.0 - Production on Fri Apr 1 12:56:47 1988
    Copyright (c)   Oracle  Corporation  1979,  1988.  All rights
    reserved.

    Connected to: ORACLE TPS V6.0 - Production
    Import file: EXPDAT.DMP > rosemary.dmp
    Enter insert buffer size (minimum is 4096): 10240 > (RETURN)
    Export created by ORACLE version EXPORT: V6.0

    Warning: the objects were exported by ROSEMARY, not by you

    List contents of import file only (Y/N): N > (RETURN)
    Ignore create  errors  due  to  object  existence (Y/N):  Y >  (RETURN)
    Import grants (Y/N): Y > (RETURN)
    Import table data (Y/N): Y > (RETURN)
    Import entire export file (Y/N): Y > n
    Username: rosemary
    Enter list of table names. Null list means all tables for user
    Enter table name or . if done: applicants
    Enter table name or . if done: clients
    Enter table name or . if done: .

      ஢  ࠭ 뢮 ᫥ ଠ:
    . importing ROSEMARY's objects into KEVIN
    .. importing table "APPLICANTS"            28 rows imported
    .. importing table "CLIENTS"               102 rows imported

    ਬ ஢ ⠡  짮⥫ 㣮

     ᫥饬  ਬ    (DBA)   
⠡, ਭ騥  짮⥫,    奬  㣮
짮⥫.    ,     -
 ⮫쪮  ०  ப.

    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER       FILE=SCOTT.DMP        FROMUSER=SCOTT
    TOUSER=ROSEMARY TABLES=(*)     ("窠" 砥 -
                                    ஢  ⠡)

  ஢  ࠭ 뢮 ᫥ ଠ:

    Import: Version 6.0 - Production on Fri Apr 1 10:16:44 1988
    Copyright (c)   Oracle  Corporation  1979,  1988.  All rights reserved.

    Connected to: ORACLE TPS V6.0 - Production





                                    -- 33 --



    Export created by ORACLE version EXPORT: V6.0
    . importing user SCOTT into ROSEMARY
    .. importing table "BONUS"                 32 rows imported
    .. importing table "SALGRADE"              10 rows imported

    蠣 
    ----------------
    ⠪  ப
    믮 蠣 ஢  ࠢ ⮫쪮 짮⥫  
ਢ DBA.  ⮬  ப  ᫥騩 ᨭ⠪:

    IMP _짮⥫/஫ INCTYPE={SYSTEMRESTORE}

    :
    SYSTEM        ஢  ⥬  ꥪ⮢  (ꥪ⮢,
                  ਭ 짮⥫ SYS)  ᯮ짮-
                   ᠬ ᫥ ᨨ 蠣   ᯮ-
                  䠩.   ⮬ ० 짮⥫᪨  
                  ꥪ  .  蠣 -
                    ⨯  믮  -
                   ࢮ 蠣  ⠭   ᭮
                  ᯮ짮 १⮢ , ⨢-
                    蠣 ᯮ.

    RESTORE       ஢  짮⥫᪨ ꥪ⮢ 
                  , ௥      -
                   ᯮ஢,      ࠡ⪮  -
                  -䠩  ஭᪮ 浪.

    㧪 १⮢ 蠣  ⨢ ᯮ஢

     ⠭  ꥪ⮢    ᫥ 믮-
 㧪 ⥬ ꥪ⮢ (INCTYPE=SYSTEM),  ᯮ 
⮣ ᠬ ᫥  蠣 ᯮ-䠩. ⥬ -
 㧪   ᯮ-䠩      ࠡ⪮  
஭᪮ 浪 (INCTYPE=RESTORE), ᭮   -
ᯮ஢.  ⮬ ᯮ ᫥ ᫥⥫쭮
஢ :
    1. ஢ ᮤন ᠬ ᫥ ᨨ  蠣-
        ᯮ-䠩 ( ⨢ ᯮ-䠩,  ᫨
       蠣 ᯮ஢  ஢).
    2. ஢  ᮤন ᠬ ᫥ ᨨ 
       ᯮ-䠩.
    3. ஢  ᮤন  ⨢ ᯮ-䠩-
       , ᮧ  ᫥ ᨨ  ᯮ-䠩.
    4. ஢ ᮤন  蠣  ᯮ-䠩,
       ᮧ   ᫥  ᨨ  ⨢ ᯮ- 䠩.

    ।, ਬ,   ᯮ:
    *   ᯮ-䠩   X1
    *  ⨢묨 ᯮ-䠩   C1  C2
    * ६ 蠣묨 ᯮ-䠩   I1, I2  I3,
    ⮣   믮 ஢  ᫥饬 浪:

    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER INCREMENTAL=SYSTEM  FULL=Y FILE=I3
    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER INCREMENTAL=RESTORE FULL=Y FILE=X1
    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER INCREMENTAL=RESTORE FULL=Y FILE=C1
    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER INCREMENTAL=RESTORE FULL=Y FILE=C2

                                    -- 34 --



    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER INCREMENTAL=RESTORE FULL=Y FILE=I1
    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER INCREMENTAL=RESTORE FULL=Y FILE=I2
    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER INCREMENTAL=RESTORE FULL=Y FILE=I3

       ,   ᮤন ᠬ ᫥ -
ᨨ 蠣 ᯮ-䠩 㦠 ,  ࠧ  ᠬ
砫,  㧪 ⥬ ꥪ⮢,   ன ࠧ    ,
 㧪  ᫥ ,  ந  짮⥫-
᪨   ꥪ.


















































                                    -- 35 --



         3     /
        

       ᮤঠ  ᮢ  襭 䥪-
⨢ ᯮ짮 ⨫  ᯮ/.   㦤  
஡,   㣮    室 室
 ࠧࠧ ,    ࠡ    㪠묨
⨫⠬.
     饩  ᬠਢ ᫥騥 :
    * ᮢ⨬ ᯮ-䠩 ᨨ 5  ⮬ ᨨ 6
    * ᮧ  ⠡  ।⢥ । ஢
    * ८࣠ ⠡ ࠭
    * ᮧ  ᥣ⮢ ⠭
    * ᯮ஢/஢   ⨫⮩ SQL*Net
    * ஢ ⠡ 讣 ࠧ
    * ஢  ⨯ LONG
    * ᮪饭 ࠣ樨 
    * ࠡ⪠ ᮮ饭  訡.

    ᯮ짮 ᯮ-䠩 ᨨ 5
    -------------------------------------
    ᪮   6-  ᨨ  ORACLE    
ࠢ  5- ᨥ ௥ ,  楫 ᯥ祭
ᮢ⨬ ᯮ-䠩  ன ᨨ  ⮬  -
ᨨ 室 ஢  ன  樨.     
뢠  ᫥ :
    1. ᪮  6- ᨨ ⨫  ६ ⠭
       ᮮ⢥⢨   ࠧ  ⠡묨 ࠭⢠,
        ।ਭ  㧨  ⠡   ⠡-
       筮 ࠭⢮,   饥     ,    ࠧ,
       ᮤঠ騩 ⠡  5- ᨨ. ᫨ ࠭⢠  ⠪
        , ⠡ 㦠   ࠭⢮, ஥
       롨ࠥ   짮⥫  㬮砭.
    2.        ᠬ ⠡筮 ࠭-
       ⢮,   ᮮ⢥騥  ⠡,  ⮬ -
        ࠭        ࠬࠬ
       ࠭   ࠭⢠  㬮砭.
    3. ᪮   6- ᨨ    ॡ -
        ᮧ ୮ , ⨫  ⮬-
       ᪨ ந ᫥騥 ⢨:
       * ᫥ 㧪    ⠡ ᮧ   
       * ᢠ  ,  饥     ⠢ I_
       * 頥      ⠡筮  ࠭-
         ⢮,   ᠬ .
    4.  ࠬ TOUSER  ᪠.
    5. ᫨  ᯮ ⠡栬,  ᮧ묨 ࠭,   ᫨
        ࠭ 祭 ࠬ IGNORE=Y, 冷 ᯮ-
        ⮫殢  .
    ⨫  6- ᨨ 믮 ⮫쪮  ⥭   ᯮ-
䠩, ᮧ   ORACLE ᨨ 5.0   .

     ⠡  ।⢥ । ஢
    -------------------------------------------------------------

    ᫨  ਭ﫨 襭 । ⥬,    㧨    
⠡  ᯮ-䠩, ᮧ  ⠡ ,  ᫥-
  ᯮ짮 ᠭ ࠭ ᮧ ⠡,  -
      ᠭ,  ᯮ 㣮 ᮢ⨬ ଠ.

                                    -- 36 --



ਬ,    㢥稢 ࠧ ⮫殢    -
冷,     ⮫ ⨯ NOT NULL,  
⮫殢  ⨯ ࠧ頥     ᮢ⨬  (-
ਬ, LONG  NUMBER).

    ࣠ ⠡ ࠭
    -----------------------------------

    ᫨  㯠  ⠡筮 ࠭ 짮⥫ 뤠-
 ਢ RESOURCE,  ⠡ 짮⥫ 㦠   
ᠬ ⠡筮 ࠭⢮, 㤠  뫨 ᯮ஢. -
, ᫨  ⠡筮  ࠭⢮  - 稭 
   ᫨  짮⥫    ਢ  RESOURCE,
⥬ 롨ࠥ    ⮣ 짮⥫ ࠭⢮  㬮-
. ᫨  짮⥫  ਢ RESOURCE   ࠭
 㬮砭,   ⠡  짮⥫   㦠.   
  ⥫⢮, ᫠ ⠡ 짮⥫  -
 ⠡筮 ࠭⢠  㣮.
    ।,   -  ,  ᮡ騩  ந-
  ᯮ   ७ ⠡ 짮⥫ JOE 
࠭⢠ A  ࠭⢮ B. 믮 ᫥騥 蠣:
    1.     짮⥫ JOE ਢ 㯠 RESOURCE 
       ࠭ A   ࠭  㬮砭.
    2. 믮  ᯮ .
    3. 믮   .  ( 짮⥫ JOE  
        㦥.)
    4. 뤠 짮⥫ JOE ਢ  㯠  RESOURCE  
       ⭮襭  ࠭ B  ᤥ  ࠭⢮ 
       ⠡ ࠭⢮  㬮砭.
    5. 㧨 ⠡ 짮⥫ JOE, ᯮ 䠩, ᮤ-
       騩 १ ᯮ஢  .  ( 㬮砭
       ⨫   㧨 ⠡ 짮⥫ JOE  -
       ࠭⢮ B.)
     ।,         ᠬ -
,  믮  ᯮ .   த  ᫥騥
⢨:
    1.     짮⥫ JOE ਢ 㯠 RESOURCE 
       ࠭ A   ࠭  㬮砭.
    2. 믮 ᯮ஢ ⠡ 짮⥫ JOE.
    3.  ⠡ 짮⥫ JOE  .
    4. 뤠 짮⥫ JOE ਢ  㯠  RESOURCE  
       ⭮襭  ࠭ B  ᤥ  ࠭⢮ 
       ⠡ ࠭⢮  㬮砭.
    5. 㧨 ⠡ 짮⥫ JOE.  ( 㬮砭 ⨫
        㧨 ⠡ 짮⥫  JOE    ࠭⢮ B.)

     ⠡筮 ࠭⢠

      㤠 ⠡筮 ࠭⢮, 믮  -
ᯮ   ᮧ ⮩ (ࠧ஬ 0 ) 䠩   㤠-
塞 ࠭⢠.     ६ ஢  ᮧ
ᮮ⢥饣 ࠭⢠ CREATE TABLESPACE  㤥 믮-
 (᪮  ࠭⢮     襩  
), ⥬ ᠬ ⠭ 㦭  ࠭⢠  
ந.   ꥪ    ⮣  ࠭⢠  㦠  
࠭⢠  㬮砭, ਭ騥 栬 ꥪ⮢.



                                    -- 37 --



      ᥣ ⠭
    ---------------------------------------

     ६  樠樨   । 믮  
 ⥬ ᮧ ⢥ ⥬ ᥣ  ⠭-
 (㥬   SYSTEM).   ᥣ ᯮ ⥬ 
ࠡ⪥ ⮫쪮  ࠭権,     ꥪ⠬ 
⠡筮 ࠭⢥ SYSTEM. ᫨   㦠 ꥪ 
㣮 ⠡筮 ࠭⢮,   ᫥ ᮧ  ᥣ
⠭.   ⨢ 砥   ᫥饥 ᮮ-
  訡:

    ORA-1552: cannot use system rollback segment  for  non-system
    tablespace 'name'
    (ORA-1552:   ᮧ ⥬  ᥣ  ⠭
     ⥬ ⠡筮 ࠭⢠   'name')

     ⮣,  ⮡  ६ 樠樨  ORACLE ᮧ -
 ᥣ ⠭, 室 믮 ᫥騥 蠣:
    1.       २樠஢   
       (樨 .   "ORACLE Installation and User's  Guide"
        襩 ⥬).  । २樠樥 饩
             ᤥ १ࢭ .
    2. ᯥ  ⠫  室  ᯮ ஢ 
       ᫮  (. "ORACLE Installation and User's Guide").
    3.     ᥣ  ⠭  ⠡筮 -
       ࠭⢥ SYSTEM ( ⥬ ᥣ  ⠭
        室  ⠡筮 ࠭⢥ SYSTEM, ⠫-
        - 易⥫쭮).   ᥣ ⠭  
        騬 (public)   (private).
    4.   ஢ ,  ᫥ 祣  ࠡ 
       ஬ .   ( 㭪樨 ॠ   -
         SHUTDOWN.)
    5.     ᥣ ⠭  ᨢ -
       ஢ ROLLBACK_SEGMENTS  INIT.ORA    ⮣,   ⮡  
       쭥襬  ᯮ ⥬.  ( 蠣 -
         ⭮襭  ᥣ⮢  易⥫  ⭮-
         ᥣ⮢.)
    6.   ,  ᬮ஢      .
       ( 㭪樨  ॠ    
       STARTUP OPEN _.)
    7.  ⨫ .

    ਬ 믮 㪠 蠣:
    SQLDBA
    SQLDBA> STARTUP NOMOUNT
    SQLDBA> CREATE DATABASE MY_DB ...
    SQLDBA> CREATE PUBLIC ROLLBACK SEGMENT
         2  RBSEG2
         3  TABLESPACE SYSTEM
         4  STORAGE (INITIAL 50K NEXT 50K MINEXTENTS 2
         5  PCTINCREASE 0);
    SQLDBA> SHUTDOWN
    SQLDBA> STARTUP OPEN MY_DB
    SQLDBA> EXIT
    IMP SYSTEM/MANAGER ...



                                    -- 38 --



      ਬ ।,   室 ᯮ-
     ᫮   㦥 ᮧ (樨 .   "ORACLE
Installation and User's Guide"  襩 ⥬).

    ᯮ஢/஢   ⨫⮩ SQL*Net
    -------------------------------------------------------------

    ࠭   ࣠樨  騥 設
 ⥬ ࠭,  ⨫ SQL*Net ᮧ  ⥬  ᠬ  
த⮢ ORACLE ᫮ । ࠡ⪨.  ⮩
⨫  砥   ந  ᯮ஢  
஢  ⥢ ஢.
      SQL*Net,  ਬ,   ᯮ஢ 
 ,   ᯮ  쭮 ,   㤠 ⥬
 ६  ﭭ ࠭.
     ⮣,  ⨢ ⨫ ᯮ  쭮 設, 
砥  ९뢠   㤠     -
 ᯮ-䠩.   ⨢  쭮 設 ⨫
,   뢠   㤠 .
     ⮣,  ⮡ 易 ᯮ    ⨫⮩ SQL*Net,
筮 ᥣ    ⨯ EXP  IMP  ।-
 "@_㤠_".   ᨭ⠪ 맮 ⨫  砥
ᯮ짮 ࠧ ⮪ .  "SQL*Net User's Guide".

    ஢ ⠡ 讣 ࠧ
    --------------------------------------

     ᪫祭    ⮣,    । 㧪 ⠡
讣 ࠧ  ॡ ᮧ  ⠡  -
 ࠬࠬ  ࠭.   稭  ⠪  ⢨   
६ 㧨 ⠡      ⨬  ⠡
.  ⮬ 砥  
    Ignore create errors due to object existence (Y/N): Y > Y
   ⢥न⥫ ⢥.
    ᫨   ࠡ⠥  ०  ப,   -
祭:
    IGNORE=Y

    ஢  ⨯ LONG
    -------------------------------

     㧪  ⠡,       ᢮ ⠢  ⨯
LONG,  ॡ 让 .  ᫨  ⪥ -
    稫 ᮮ饭
    IMP-00020 column (size num)  in export  file  too  large  for
    column buffer (size num)
    (IMP-00020 ࠧ ⮫ (ࠢ num)  ᯮ-䠩 -
        ⮫ (ࠧ஬ num))
  ᫥⥫쭮 㢥稢 ࠧ  㧪 -
 ࠧ  10000  (ਬ)   66000   .  -
 ࠧ  ⥯, ᪮  让 ࠧ
  த  ஡.

    饭 ࠣ樨  
    -----------------------------------




                                    -- 39 --



    ᫨ ᢮ ࠭⢮   ⮨    讣  ᫠
쪨 ,    "ࠣ஢". ࠣ-
  ८࣠  楫 㢥祭 ࠧ ⪮ ᢮-
 ࠭⢠.   ᯮᮡ, 묨  
 ᮪ ࠣ , ⮨  믮 ᯮ/
   ᫥饩 奬:
    1. ࢨ஢  ⮤  ᯮ (FULL=Y).
    2. ஢ઠ  ⨢ 짮⥫  -
        MONITOR  ⨥  ᫥ 室  짮⥫  ⥬.
    3. ᮧ   CREATE DATABASE.
    4. ⠭  ⮤   (FULL=Y).
     ஡     ᮧ    
.  "ORACLE Database Administrator's Guide".

    ࠡ⪠ ᮮ饭  訡
    ------------------------------

    ᫨  ६ ࠡ ⨫ ᯮ    -
 ஡, 짮⥫ 頥  ⮬   ᮮ-
 ᮮ饭  訡.     訡  
"⠫묨",       ⨫   த
᢮ ࠡ. 稭     - ७
஡,  ⠪ ⢨  ௠ 室 ,
ਬ, . , ਬ,  砥 ᪠ ⨫ ᯮ
 ᮧ 室 ᯮ ஢   ᫥饥 ᮮ饭:
    EXP-00024: Export views not installed, please notify your DBA
    (EXP-00024: ᯮ   ᮧ; , ᮮ-
      ⮬ 襬 )

    㣨 ᮮ饭, 㥬 "ࠢ騬", ᮤঠ ଠ-
,     㦨 訡    ࠢ .
    饭   訡 ᮡ࠭  ਫ A 饣 㪮-
⢠,  "ORACLE Error Messages and Codes Manual"     "ORACLE
Installation and User's Guide"  襩 ⥬.

























                                    -- 40 --



         II  SQL*LOADER
        ____________________

        II      冷   ᯮ짮  ⨫
SQL*Loader, ।⢠ 㧪   譨 䠩   ⠡
 ORACLE.   ⨫  SQL*Loader ࠡ⠥  ᠬ묨 ࠧࠧ묨
ଠ⠬ 室   ।⠢    ࠢ-
 ᮬ 㧪 ᥩ  ⠡ .
    ᫨    ࠡ⠫   ணࠬ-稪  -
,   ᫥   ,  ᮤঠ饣   4,  
᫥ ⮣ த ࠦ,  ਢ   5.  
    ᭮묨 ﬨ,  易묨  -
 . ᫥ ⮣,   ᢮  ,  㦥 ᬮ-
    6  7,   ⢥   ,
騥 ⭮襭  ᯮ짮 ⨫ SQL*Loader.
    ᫨   㦥   稪  ORACLE (ODL)  
㣨  稪 ,     祭
浪 ᯮ짮  ⨫  SQL*Loader    ଠ  
ப  ᨭ⠪ ࠢ饣 䠩,  ਢ   6  7.
    ਬ ࠢ 䠩  䠩 ,   ᮤঠ騥  
 㪮⢥,   ਡ⨢ ⥫;  -
 ᯮ짮   ⮩ ७஢.
     䠩  ᫥騬 :

    CASE1.CTL    (ࠢ騩 䠩   묨)
    CASE2.CTL    CASE2.DAT
    CASE3.CTL    (ࠢ騩 䠩   묨)
    CASE4.CTL    CASE4.DAT
    CASE5.CTL    CASE5.DAT


     4      SQL*LOADER
    

     饩  ᬠਢ ᭮ , 易
 㧪    ORACLE   ⨫ SQL*Loader.  -
 ।⠢  ⨫    ᠭ   ᮡ⥩  
ᬠਢ ᫥騥 :
    * 室   SQL*Loader
    * ⮢ 
    * १ ࠡ ⨫.

     ⠪ SQL*Loader ?
    ----------------------

    SQL*Loader ।⠢ ᮡ ⨫,   ।祭  
뫪   譨 䠩  ⠡  ORACLE.   -
   ᮡﬨ, 騬 ⨫ DB2 ௮-
樨 IBM,  ஬ ⮣ ᪮쪨 㣨 ᮡﬨ, 㢥-
稢騬  㭪樮   .
    ⨫ SQL*Loader  㦠  ᠬ ࠧࠧ -
⮢, 믮    䨫  (롮  㧪  ᥩ,
㤮⢮ ),     ⠪ ᯥ稢 ६
㧪 ᪮쪨 ⠡.   ६ ࠡ ⨫ ᮧ  -
樮 䠩,   ᮤঠ騩  ⠫஢ 
ଠ, ࠪਧ  㧪,  ⠪ 䠩 
ᥩ (ᮤঠ騩  ,   襤訥 ஫  ⢨
訡)  䠩 ﭭ ᥩ (ᮤঠ騩 ,   㤮-

                                    -- 41 --



騥 㪠   ).  ࠢ 室 믮
ணࠬ ⢫ १ 롨ࠥ 짮⥫ ࠬ
㧪.
    ⨫ SQL*Loader   ᫥騥 :
    * 㧪   ᪮쪨 䠩,  ࠧ ଠ
    * ࠡ⪠ ᥩ 䨪஢ ଠ, ᢮ ଠ-
       ( ᯮ짮 ࠧ⥫)  ६ 
    * প ࠧࠧ ⨯ ,   DATE, BINARY
       PACKED DECIMAL
    * 㧪 ᪮쪨 ⠡   ᥠ
    * ꥤ ᪮쪨 䨧᪨ ᥩ   
    * ࠡ⪠  䨧᪮   ᪮쪨 ᪨
    *   㪠 ⮫殢 㭨묨,  㯮冷祭묨
        祭ﬨ
    * ᯮ짮  㯠  䠩  ⥬ ࠢ-
       䠩, 室饩  ⠢ 襩 樮 ⥬
    * 㧪   ᪠  
    * ⥫쭮 ᫥ 訡,  饥  ਢ  
      冷  㧪 ᥩ
    * ᯮ짮 ࠢ 䠩,  ᮢ⨬    ⨫⮩
      IBM DB2 ( ⮬ ᫥ ᮧ ⨫⮩ IBM DXT).
    ⨫ SQL*Loader  ᮡ 騩 訬 -
ﬨ 稪       ORACLE (ODL),   ࠡ⠫ 
।   ORACLE.  (᫨    ⠫ ,
஥    ODL,  ᬮ  㪮⢥ "ORACLE
Installation and User's Guide",     襩 ⥬ -
⢥ ணࠬ ८ࠧ.)

    室   SQL*Loader
    ------------------------------

     ⮣,  ⮡ 㧨     譨  䠩    
ORACLE,   ᫥  ⮢  ,  騩  
⥩: ᠬ   ࠬ஢,  ࠢ ᮬ 㧪.
    , 㦠  ,   ⢮    䠩-
, ᯮ   ᪥  . ० 祬 㦠, 
䠩 室 ᮮ⢥騬  ࠧ  ஢;  -
 ଠ 室  ࠢ饬 䠩.

    ࠢ騩 䠩

    祭 ⮣  䠩  砥    ᠭ 㦠
. । 祣   뢠 ᫥饥:
    *  䠩 
    * ଠ 䠩 
    * ଠ樮    䠩
    * 冷 㧪   ⠡ (㣨 ᫮,   
      ⠡  ⮫ ᫥ 㧨).
     ଠ樨  易⥫쭮 (ਬ,    
      ᯮ  ⠡栬 ).  ,  
ᠭ  ࠡ⪨ ᮤঠ  䠩     -
 ࠬ.  ਬ,  ࠢ饣 䠩  ᮤ-
 㪠 ⭮⥫쭮 ⮣,  ଠ஢  䨫-
뢠 ,  ஢ 㭨 䨪.
      ࠢ ଠ    室    ࠧ
䠩     䠩.
    ⨫ SQL*Loader ᯮ  㧪 , ᮢ-
 ᭨     ⨫⮩ DB2,  ࠧࠡ⠭ ௮樥 IBM.

                                    -- 42 --



᫨  ᯮ ࠢ騬 䠩  ⨫ DB2,  -
 ᯮ짮      ⨫⮩ SQL*Loader;  ࠧ  ᨭ-
⠪ .  ਫ C.

    

      㦠 , 騥 ࠧ ଠ. 筮
 뢠    ᪮쪨 䠩 ,   
ᯮ   ࠢ饬 䠩,  ࠧ ᫥ ࠢ饩 ଠ樨.

    /ᨬ ଠ
      㦠   筮  ᨬ쭮 ଠ.
 ଠ -  ଠ,   ஬  ࠭  
;   ᬮ  ᮤন 筮  䠩  
ᯮᮡ, ⠪,    ⠥ ᮤন 䠩  ᨬ쭮 -
.
     ଠ ⠪ 뢠 譨 ଠ⮬.
    , 騥  筮, ⠪  ᨬ쭮 ।⠢,
 ᯮ   䠩 䨪஢  ६ ଠ.

    ஢/६ ଠ
          䨪஢  ६ -
. ᫨   䨪஢ ଠ,   砥,   
 ᯮ         ⮣  (䨪஢)
ଠ. 㣨 ᫮,    䨪஢   -
ଠ樮 ,  ⠢騥  ,   䨪஢
, ⨯  ⮯.  ᫨,  ਬ,       
⮫  1-  6- ᮤঠ ᨬ ६,  ⮫ 
7-  10- 楫,       .
    ᫨    ६ ଠ (  뢠
⮪ ଠ⮬),    ஢ ⠪ , -
 室  ࠧ饭 .    砥  ᨬ묨
묨, ᫨   ⮫  ண,  ࢠ  -
 㤥 .      ⮦  -
.    ᮤঠ ப  ᨬ,   㣠  -
ᥬ 楫 ᥫ,  -     饥  ..
樮묨 ⥬ ᯮ ᨬ  ப (-
   ப),  ⬥騩 砭 ப ६ ଠ.
     ᢮  ଠ,  ᯮ騥 ࠧ⥫,  
  ⨯: 騥 ࠧ⥫    祭 
ன ࠧ⥫.   ⢥ ࠧ⥫, ᯮ ᫥
 ,   ᯮ짮 ᯥ樠 ᨬ, -
, :
    1,1,2,3,5,8,13
     ⢥ ୮ ࠧ⥫,  饣  ,
 ᯮ짮 㣮 ᯥ樠 ᨬ,  ਬ, 窨:
    "BUNKY"

    ᪨  䨧᪨ 
    ᫥ ࠧ稥  ᠥ ᪨  䨧᪨ ᥩ.
 䨧᪮     ப 䠩 (䨪-
஢     ᢮ ଠ).   䨧᪨ ﬨ
ࠡ⠥ 室  ⠢  ⥬ ࠢ 䠩 (-
ਬ, RMS ௮樨 DEC  SAM ௮樨 IBM).
    ᪨ , ⨢,  ⭮襭  ப ⠡-
 .   ᪨  䨧᪨  ᮢ  -
; ਬ,   ⮬ 砥,     㦠  -
쪮 ⪨ ⮫殢.    ६  ᪮쪮 䨧-

                                    -- 43 --



 ᥩ ꥤ   .  ਬ,   -
⢮ 䠩,   騩    ᥩ  䨪஢  (
80-ᨬ쭮 ଠ),      砥    ᥡ  24
⮫ ࠧ஬  10 ᨬ;  ⮬ 砥  䨧᪨ -
 ⠢  .
     ࠡ  ⨫⮩ SQL*Loader,  ᬮ ⠢ -
᪨   ᪮쪨  䨧᪨,   ᯮ  ..   
த. ᪨    ꥤ     
⮣,  ﭨ  த  祭  "⨭".
   室 ꥤ ᪮쪨 䨧᪨ -
ᥩ      ᫥ :
    * N  䨧᪨ ᥩ ᥣ ꥤ (⥭)
         ( த  ᯮ).
    * ᪨    ,  ᫨  த-
       ᮤন    (  믮  㣮
      ᫮, ⨯ " ࠢ",  饥 ⭮襭   த).
    * ᪨    , ᫨   ᮤন-
        ᨬ ( ⢥ ᫥ ᨬ, ⫨筮-
        ஡).

    ⮢  
    ----------------------
    㧪  ந  㦥  騥  ⠡  
ORACLE. ஬  ⮣,   ⠡栬  ।  
ᯥ樠 ॡ;    ਧ묨   -
஢묨,      㪠묨 ﬨ.
 ⬥,   㧪  ॥, ᫨  ᮧ-
 ᫥  .    㦥 ᮤঠ -  
 묨.

     ࠡ ⨫
    -------------------------

      㧪  ⨫ SQL*Loader 믮 ᮧ-
 ᫥  䠩.

    樮 䠩

    ⨫ SQL*Loader 稭 ࠡ  ᮧ ॣ樮-
 (LOG) 䠩. ᫨  䠩 ⨫ ᮧ  㤠, ⨫-
 ४頥 ࠡ.  樮  䠩  ᮤন  ⠫쭮
ᠭ 室 믮 㧪  ⮨  ᪮쪨 ᥪ権.
      砥  ᥡ ᫥ ଠ:
    *  ᪠
    *  ᨨ ணࠬ
       ᮤন ᫥ ଠ:
    *  䠩 -뢮
    * 祭 㬥⮢  ப
    * ᯥ䨪 ᨬ த
     ⠡  ᮤন ᫥ ଠ  -
  㦠 ⠡:
    *  ⠡
    * ᫮ 믮 㧪,  ᫨ ⠪  (㣨
      ᫮, 㦠        ⮫쪮 ,  
      㤮⢮ ,   । WHEN)
    * ᫮  INSERT (⠢),  APPEND (  )  
      REPLACE ()
    * ᫥ ଠ   ⮫:

                                    -- 44 --



         * ᫨    䠩 :  ᯮ,  ,
           ⨯   ࠭⥫
         * ﭨ RECNUM, SEQUENCE  CONSTANT, ᫨ 㪠
         * ﭨ DEFAULTIF  NULLIF, ᫨ 㪠
     ४⭮ ᮤন 䠩   ⮫-
    砥 㦥  䠩  訡  砥  ᥡ
᫥ ଠ:
    * ᠭ 訡 SQL*Loader/ORACLE
    *  襤訥 ஫ 

     ᪨ ᢥ   㧪  ⠡  ᮤন
᫥騥     㦥 ⠡:
    * ⢮ 㦥 ப
    * ⢮ ப, ⢥࣭ -  訡
    * ⢮ ப, ﭭ - ⮣,    㤮-
       ,   । WHEN
    * ⢮ ப,      묨
     ⮣ ⨪ ᮤন ᫥ ଠ:
    * ꥬ ᯮ㥬 ࠭⢠:
         *   筮 ᨢ (䠪᪨ ᯮ㥬 ࠧ
            ⮬ 祭, 㪠  㬥 BINDSIZE)
         * 㣨  室 (ᥣ ᯮ㥬   -
           騥  祭 BINDSIZE)
    * ᪨  ⮣  㧪.   饥 ⢮
      ப  ᥬ 䠩 :
         * ய饭
         * ⠭
         * ⢥࣭
         * ﭭ
    * ६ 砫  砭 ࠡ
    * 㬬୮ 祭 ६
    * 㬬୮  ୮ ६ (砥 ६,  祭
       䠩  묨,   ६ 䮭 믮-
       ணࠬ ⥬ ORACLE)
      ਢ ଠ樨 砥  ॣ-
 䠩  砥 ᯥ譮 襭 ࠡ ⨫.  ,
    訡  ࠧ   ᮤন
ᥪ権 䠩.  ਬ, ᫨ ॣ樮 䠩 ᠬ  ᥡ 
㤠 ᮧ,  ⨫ SQL*Loader ४頥 ࠡ.   訡,
㦥   ᨭ⠪᪮ ࠧ ᮤন ࠢ饣
䠩,   ॣ樮 䠩,   ⫨稥   訡,
㦥   ப.

      ᥩ

     ६  ࠡ  ⨫  ᮧ  䠩 ..   ᥩ
(BAD).     ,  ⨫ 㧨 
㤠.   뢠 ⢥࣭묨.
     ⢥࣠,  ᫨     ᫥ ᫮:
    *  㧪   訡  ORACLE (ਬ,
      ᮮ⢥⢨ ⨯  ,  饥 祭  㭨-
      쭮 , 祭 ""   NOT NULL).
    * ⨫ SQL*Loader   ⠭ ਥ .
      㣨 ᫮,     ﭨ ।, 㤮⢮-
         ,    । WHEN, 
      ,   砥      ᡠ-
      ஢묨 ࠭⥫ﬨ. ਬ, ᫨  ⢥ -


                                    -- 45 --



      ⥫ ᯮ  窨,  ᫥ ᫥-
      ⥫쭮 ᨬ 㤥 ⢥࣭ ⨫⮩:
      ,"U G,

    ᫨  ᬮ  ᡠ஢ ࠭⥫ 
-⠪  業  ᮮ⢥⢨ ,    
। WHEN,  砥 ᯥ    㦥.
    ᫨  ⠢  ⢥࣠,  楫,   
 㦥  㤥 㦥     ⠡.  ਬ,  
ᮤন  㦠  ᪮쪮 ⠡   㤮⢮
᫮  ᥬ ⠡栬, ஬ , ⠢  ⢥࣠-
  楫.  ⮬  頥  䠩  ᥩ, 
   ४஢   ᫥ ४஢   -
㧨.  ࠭ 㦥   訡 -
  뢠.
    ᠭ  訡 頥  ॣ樮 䠩.
      ᥩ ᮧ ⨫⮩ SQL*Loader ᥣ; -
    ᥩ  ⢥࣠,   ⠥ . ଠ
䠩 ᮢ  ଠ⮬ 䠩 , ⮬ ᫥ ।-
  ᥭ   室    ⢥࣭  ࠭
   㦥   ᯮ짮 ⮣  ᠬ
ࠢ饣 䠩.

     ﭭ ᥩ

       ⨫ SQL*Loader ਡ    ᮧ
䠩 ..  ﭭ ᥩ.  䠩 ᮧ ⮣,  
 ப  롨ࠥ   ᫥ ࠬ஢:
    DISCARD=_䠩
    DISCARDMAX=nn
 ⮣,   ࠢ饬 䠩  㪠뢠   ᫥-
 祭:
    DISCARDFILE _䠩
    DISCARDDN _䠩
    DISCARDS n
    DISCARDMAX n
     ࠧ, 䠩 ﭭ ᥩ ᮧ,   -
 ( 㪠 )    (⠭ 孨  ।  
᫮ ᥨ ᥩ)  ॡ  ᮧ.   ᫥
砥  䠩 ᮢ   䠩 , ⨯ 䠩 (-
७ )  㬮砭 - DSC.
       䠩 ﭭ ᥩ,  ᫨  
  ᫥ ᫮:
    * 㦠   㤮⢮      -
      ਥ,   । WHEN.
    * ᫮,    । WHEN,  㤮⢮, 
         묨  ᫥⢨ ﭨ NULLIF,
        १  ⮩ ப.
    ᫨ ᮤন    頥    ⠡,   䠩
ﭭ ᥩ  㦥  .  ଠ 䠩 ᮢ  
ଠ⮬ 䠩 . ᫥ ।஢  ᥭ  -
室  ﭭ ࠭        㦥
  ᯮ짮 ⮣  ᠬ ࠢ饣 䠩.






                                    -- 46 --
