


       HOST

           o  樮 ⥬  室  SQL*PLUS

     ⠪ HO[ST] []

ନ  ࠧ               樮 ⥬.

        HOST  , ⮡ 뢥 ᪠ 樮 
       ⥬. ⥬   믮 ⢮  樮 
       ⥬.  ଠ樥   ⭮  SQL*PLUS   
       㪮  ⠭ ORACLE  㪮 짮⥫  襩 .

樨     樮 ⥬  ᯮ짮 "$"  
               㣮 ᨬ  HOST.  㪮⢮  ⠭ 
               ORACLE  㪮⢮ 짮⥫  襩 樮 
               ⥬.

                 樮 ⥬   HOST  㯠.

     ਬ   ⮡ 믮  樮 ⥬ ls *.sql, 
               :

               SQL> HOST ls *.sql



































                                   -- 102 --



        INPUT               ப ⥪ ᫥ 
                       ⥪饩 ୮ ப.

     ⠪ I[NPUT] [⥪]

ନ  ࠧ     ⥪  
         塞 ⥪.  ⮡   ப,  ⥪ 
        ப ᫥  INPUT, ⤥ ⥪   ஡. ⮡ 
         ப    ஡,     
        ஡  INPUT    ᨬ ⥪.

        ⮡  ᪮쪮 ப,  INPUT  ⥪. INPUT 
            ப.  室  INPUT-   
         ப.

樨   ᫨    ப 訩 祬 ⢮ ப  
                  ⥪, SQL*PLUS   ப   
               . ᫨    ⢥  ப  (0)  
                㪠 ⥪,  SQL*PLUS ⠢  ப  砫 
                ( ப   1).

     ਬ   ।  SQL ᮤন ᫥ :

               1 SELECT ENAME, DEPTNO, SAL, COMM
               2 FROM EMP

               ⮡  ࠧ ORDER BY  , :

               SQL> LIST 2
                 2* FROM EMP
               SQL> INPUT ORDER BY ENAME

          LIST 2   ப ⥪饩. INPUT   ப 
          ᫥ ⥪饩 ப.  SQL ᥩ ᮤন ᫥騥 ப:

               1  SELECT ENAME, DEPTNO, SAL, COMM
               2  FROM EMP
               3* ORDER BY ENAME

               ⮡   ப  ࠧ WHERE, :

               SQL> LIST 2
                 2* FROM EMP
               SQL> INPUT
                 3  WHERE JOB = 'SALESMAN'
                 4  AND COMM=500
                 5

               INPUT     ப,     
               ⮩ ப.  SQL ᥩ ᮤন ᫥騥 ப:

               1  SELECT ENAME, DEPTNO, SAL, COMM
               2  FROM EMP
               3  WHERE JOB = 'SALESMAN'
               4  AND COMM=500
               5  ORDER BY ENAME



                                   -- 103 --



        LIST           뢮   ᪮쪮 ப .

     ⠪ L[IST] [n | n m | n * | n LAST | * | * n | * LAST | LAST]

ନ  ࠧ
               n         뢮 n ப.
               n m       뢮 ப  n  m.
               n *       뢮  ப n  ⥪饩.
               n LAST    뢮  ப n  ᫥.
               *         뢮 ⥪ ப.
               * n       뢮 c ⥪饩 ப  ப  ஬ n.
               * LAST    뢮 c ⥪饩 ப  ᫥ ப.
               LAST      뢫 ᫥ ப.

                LIST  ࠬ஢, ⮡ 뢥  ப.

樨    ᪠ ஡  LIST  n  *,     
               LIST  LAST.

               ᫥ 뢥 ப ⠭  ⥪饩 ப 
               (砥 窮).

     ਬ   ⮡ 뢥 ᮤন , :

               SQL> L

               , ୮, 㢨 ᫥騥 १:

               1  SELECT ENAME, DEPTNO, JOB
               2  FROM EMP
               3  WHERE JOB = 'CLERK'
               4* ORDER BY DEPTNO

               窠 뢠,  ⥪饩 ப ⠫ ப  
               ஬ 4.
               ⮡ 뢥 ⮫쪮  ப, :

               SQL> L 2

               뢥 ᫥饥:

               2* FROM EMP

               ⮡ 뢥  ⥪饩 ப (ᥩ  ப 2)  
               ᫥, :

               SQL> L * LAST

               ⥬  㢨 ᫥饥:

               2  FROM EMP
               3  WHERE JOB = 'CLERK'
               4* ORDER BY DEPTNO






                                   -- 104 --



        PAUSE
                뢮  ப, ⥬ ப ᮤঠ "⥪",  
               ⥬  ⨥  [Return]. , 뢮  
                ப  ⠭  ०  .

     ⠪ PAU[SE] [⥪]

ନ  ࠧ     ⥪          ।⠢ ⥪,    
                                   뢥.

               ᫨   뢥   ப,  PAUSE  
               ࠬ஢.

樨     PAUSE ᥣ  ⪫ 짮⥫,  
               ᯮ짮 ᮮ饭, ஥    [Return].

               PAUSE ⠥   ନ (᫨  㯥) ,  
                ७稫 筨    䠩.

                ଠ樥  ᮧ   ࠭栬  
                 ᠭ ६ PAUSE  SET.

     ਬ   ⮡ 뢥 ᮮ饭 "⠭ 㬠,  Return"  
                  [Return],    
               ᫥  PAUSE   䠩:

               SQL> GET MYFILE
               1  SET PAUSE OFF
               2  PAUSE ⠭ 㬠   Return
               3  SELECT ...





























                                   -- 105 --



        PROMPT
                   뢮 㪠 ᮮ饭   ப  ࠭.

     ⠪ PROMPT [⥪]

ନ  ࠧ     ⥪      ᮮ饭, ஥   뢥. 
                              ᫨ "⥪" 饭, PROMPT 뢥  
                              ப  ࠭.

樨    ᯮ짮     䠩  
               ।⠢ ଠ樨 짮⥫.

     ਬ   騩 ਬ  ᯮ짮 PROMPT ᮢ⭮ 
                ACCEPT   䠩 ASKFORDEPT.  ASKFORDEPT ᮤন 
               ᫥騥  SQL*PLUS  SQL:

               PROMPT
               PROMPT Please enter a valid department
               PROMPT For example: 10, 20, 30, 40
               ACCEPT NEWDEPT NUMBER PROMPT 'DEPT:> '
               SELECT DNAME FROM DEPT
               WHERE DEPTNO = &NEWDEPT

               ।,   ⨫   䠩, ᯮ 
               START  @:

               SQL> @ASKFORDEPT

               SQL*PLUS 뢥 ᫥騥 ᪠:

               Please enter a valid department
               For example: 10, 20, 30, 40
               DEPT:>

짮⥫   ⤥ ᫥ ᪠ DEPT:>.
SQL*PLUS 뢥 ப  &NEWDEPT   ᫥ ⠭,  ⥬  
 ⤥, ᮮ⢥饥   ᫥ ᪠ DEPT:>.






















                                   -- 106 --



        REMARK           稭 ਩   䠩.

     ⠪ REM[ARK]

樨    REMARK   砫 ப  ਩ 稢-
                  ப ( ப    ६  
               ਩  ).  SQL*PLUS   
               ਩  .

                ଠ樥   ਥ   䠩, 
               ᯮ ࠭⥫ ਥ SQL, /*...*/,   
               ࠧ "饭 ਥ   䠩" ࠧ 
               "࠭     ᯮ짮"    3.

     ਬ   騩  䠩 ᮤন ᪮쪮 ⨯ 
               ਥ:

               SQL> GET EMPSUM
               1  REM COMPUTE uses BREAK ON REPORT to break on
               end of table
               2  BREAK ON REPORT
               3  COMPUTE SUM OF "DEPARTMENT 10" DEPARTMENT 20" -
               4  DEPARTMENT 30" "TOTAL BY JOB" ON REPORT
               5  REM Each column displays the sum of salaries by
               job for
               6  REM one of the departments 10, 20, 30.
               7  SELECT JOB,
               8        SUM( DECODE( DEPTNO, 10, SAL, 0))
               "DEPARTMENT 10",
               9        SUM( DECODE( DEPTNO, 20, SAL, 0))
               "DEPARTMENT 20",
               10       SUM( DECODE( DEPTNO, 30, SAL, 0))
               "DEPARTMENT 30",
               11       SUM(SAL) "TOTAL BY JOB"
               12 FROM EMP
               13*GROUP BY JOB























                                   -- 107 --



        RUN           뢮  믮  SQL   PL/SQL 
                        SQL.

     ⠪ R[UN]

樨   RUN ਢ  ⮬,  ᫥ ப  SQL 
               ⠭ ⥪饩.

                " " (/) 筠 RUN,    
               뢮 ᮤন   ନ.

     ਬ   ।,  SQL ᮤন ᫥騩 :

               SELECT DEPTNO FROM DEPT

               ⮡ 믮 , :

               SQL> RUN

                 ᫥騩 १:

               1*  SELECT DEPTNO FROM DEPT

                   DEPTNO
               ----------
                      10
                      20
                      30
                      40






























                                   -- 108 --



        RUNFORM           뢠 ਫ SQL*Forms  SQL*PLUS.

     ⠪ RUNFORM [樨] _

樨   ⠪  RUNFORM ⠪ ,    SQL*PLUS.  ᫨  
               㦥 室  SQL*PLUS,  ᯮᮡ  맢  
                ॥, 祬 ⨢  ᫥ ⥬ ᪠,
               ⠪    ୮ ஢  ORACLE. ஡-
                 ᨭ⠪ ᬮ  "㪮⢮ ॠ  SQL*Forms".

               ⨬,  ᫨  ᯮ RUNFORM   SQL*PLUS,  
                 㪠뢠 /஫ 짮⥫ (SQL*PLUS 쬥 
               ⥪騥 祭).  ᫨   ᯮ짮 㣨 
               /஫ 짮⥫, ᯮ SQL*PLUS- CONNECT 
                祭  室 짮⥫.

     ਬ    믮    MYFORM, :

               SQL> RUNFORM MYFORM








































                                   -- 109 --




        SAVE           ࠭ ᮤন   䠩 樮 
                      ⥬ ( 䠩).

     ⠪ SAV[E] _䠩[.ext] [CRE[ATE] | REP[LACE] | APP[END]]

ନ  ࠧ     _䠩[.ext]
       䠩,  ஬   ࠭ ᮤন . ᫨ 
       㪠 ७, SQL*PLUS ᯮ ७  㬮砭 
     (筮 SQL).  ଠ   ७  㬮砭 ਢ 
      ᠭ ६ SUFFIX  SET   .

      ᫨  㪠뢠   ࠧ CREATE, REPLACE, APPEND,  室 
      㪠 ७ 䠩.

     CRE[ATE]      䠩, ᫨   .

     REP[LACE]    頥 ᮤন 饣 䠩.  ᫨ 䠩  
                  , REPLACE ᮧ .

     APP[END]      ᮤন    㪠  䠩.

樨     ࠭ ᮤন  SQL, SAVE  
               ப   ⮩ (/)   䠩.

     ਬ   ⮡ ࠭ ᮤন   䠩 DEPTSALPRT  
               ७ SQL, :

               SQL> SAVE DEPTSALPRT

               ⮡ ࠭ ᮤন   䠩 DEPTSALPRT  
               ७ OLD, :

               SQL> SAVE DEPTSALPRT.OLD

























                                   -- 110 --



        SET           ࠨ 㦥 SQL*PLUS  ⥪饣 ᥠ:

                    * ⠭ ਭ 뢮  NUMBER
                    * ⠭ ਭ 뢮  LONG
                    * ࠧ蠥/頥   
                    * ⠭ ⢮ ப  ࠭
                    * .......

     ⠪ SET ⥬_६ 祭
                ⥬_६    ᫥ 祭:

               ARRAY[SIZE] {20 | n}
               AUTO[COMMIT] {OFF | ON | IMM[EDIATE]}
               BLO[CKTERMINATOR] {. | c}
               CMDS[EP] {; | c | OFF | ON}
               COM[PATIBILITY] {V5 | V6}
               CON[CAT] {. | c | OFF | ON}
               COPYC[OMMIT] {0 | n}
               CRT crt
               DEF[INE] {& | c | OFF | ON}
               ECHO {OFF | ON}
               EMBEDDED {OFF | ON}
               ESC[APE] {\ | c | OFF | ON}
               FEED[BACK] {6 | n | OFF | ON}
               FLU[SH] {OFF | ON}
               HEA[DING] {OFF | ON}
               HEADS[EP] {| | c | OFF | ON}
               LIN[ESIZE] {80 | n}
               LONG {80 | n}
               MAXD[ATA] n
               NEWP[AGE] {1 | n}
               NULL ⥪
               NUMF[ORMAT] ଠ
               NUM[WIDTH] {10 | n}
               PAGES[IZE] {14 | n}
               PAU[SE] {OFF | ON | ⥪}
               RECSEP {WR[APPED] | EA[CH] | OFF}
               RECSEPCHAR {_ | c}
               SCAN {OFF | ON}
               SHOW[MODE] {OFF | ON}
               SPA[CE] {1 | n}
               SQLC[ASE] {MIX[ED] | LO[WER] | UP[PER]}
               SQLCO[NTINUE] {>  | ⥪}
               SQLN[UMBER] {OFF | ON}
               SQLPRE[FIX] {# | c}
               SQLP[ROMPT] {SQL> | ⥪}
               SQLT[ERMINATOR] {; | c | OFF | ON}
               SUF[FIX] {SQL | ⥪}
               TAB {OFF | ON}
               TERM[OUT] {OFF | ON}
               TI[ME] {OFF | ON}
               TIMI[NG] {OFF | ON}
               TRIM[OUT] {OFF | ON}
               UND[ERLINE] {- | c | OFF | ON}
               VER[IFY] {OFF | ON}
               WRA[P] {OFF | ON}



                                   -- 111 --



ନ  ࠧ
     ARRAY[SIZE] {20 | n}
               ⠭ ⢮ ப <뢠 ⮬>,  
               SQL*PLUS 롨ࠥ     ࠧ. ⨬ 祭  1 
                5000. 襥 ᫮ 蠥 䥪⨢ ᮢ  
               ᮢ, 롨  ᥩ,  ॡ  
                 樮 ⥬. ARRAYSIZE    
               믮 権 SQL*PLUS.

     AUTO[COMMIT] {OFF | ON | IMM[EDIATE]}
                ६ ஢ ⫮    . ON 
               ⠢ SQL  ந    ࠧ  
               ᫥ 믮   SQL   PL/SQL. OFF 
               ⬥ ⮬᪮ ࠭,   ਤ 
               ᠬ⥫쭮 ࠭  (ਬ,  SQL 
               COMMIT). IMMEDIATE- ⭠ 樨 ON.

     BLO[CKTERMINATOR] {. | c}
               ⠭ 䠢⭮-஢ ᨬ, ᯮ㥬  
                 PL/SQL. ⮡ 믮 ,   
               ᯮ짮  RUN  /.


     CMDS[EP] {; | c | OFF | ON}
               ⠭ 䠢⭮-஢ ᨬ, ᯮ㥬  
               ࠧ ᪮쪨  SQL*PLUS,    
               ப. ON/OFF ࠧ蠥/頥 ᯮ짮 ᪮쪨 
                  ப; ON ⮬᪨ ⠭   
               ⮩ (;)  ⢥ ᨬ ࠧ⥫ .


     COM[PATIBILITY] {V5 | V6}
               , ࠭   SQL*PLUS  COMMIT  ROLLBACK 
                 SQL.  V5  ࠭ COMMIT  ROLLBACK   
               SQL; V6- ; ⠭ COMPATIBILITY  V5, ᫨  
                믮  䠩, ࠧࠡ⠭  ⮩ 
               ᨨ ORACLE; ... V6-  ⮩ ᨨ ORACLE.

                ᠭ  COMMIT  ROLLBACK  "ࠢ筮 
               㪮⢮   SQL".

     CON[CAT] {. | c | OFF | ON}
               ⠭ ᨬ,    ᯮ짮  
               ࠧ  ⠭筮 ६  㣮 ⥪, 
               ᫨  ਬ몠    ६. ᫨   
               COMCAT ON,  SQL*PLUS ⠭ 祭 ᨬ  
               㬮砭, .. .

     COPYC[OMMIT] {0 | n}
                ⢮ ⮢, ᫥   COPY 
               ந   .   COPY ந  
               ப  楫   ࠧ,   ᪮ n  ⮢ 
               ப. ⨬ 祭  0  5000.    
               ६ ARRAYSIZE. ᫨   COPYCOMMIT  0,  COPY 
               ந  ⮫쪮 ᫥ 砭 樨 
               ஢.



                                   -- 112 --



     CRT crt    CRT-䠩  㬮砭, ᯮ㥬  SQL*PLUS 
               RUNFORM. ⮡ ⠭ ࢮ砫쭮  crt,  
               SET CRT "".

                  -crt  맮 :

               SQL> RUNFORM -c NEW _
           
               SQL> SET CRT NEW
               SQL> RUNFORM _

                ஬ ᯮᮡ, SQL*PLUS  -crt ⮬,  
               맮     -crt  祭  
               ᥠ.

     DEF[INE] {& | c | OFF | ON}
               ⠭ ᨬ "c", ᯮ㥬  䨪 o⠭-
                ६.  ON/OFF 砥/몫砥    
               ⠭筮 ६  祭.  ⠭ DEFINE  ON 
                OFF ८। 祭 ⠭ ६ SCAN.

     ECHO {OFF | ON}
                 頥 뢮 믮塞    
               䠩, 饭  START. ON ࠧ蠥 뢮 ; 
               OFF-頥.

     EMBEDDED {OFF | ON}
               OFF 砥,    㤥 稭  砫 
               ࠭.  ON- 㤥 稭    ࠭.

     ESC[APE] {\ | c | OFF | ON}
               "c" । ESCAPE-ᨬ. 
               OFF ⬥  ᨬ. 
               ON  ࠧ蠥 ESCAPE-ᨬ.

               ᫨ ESCAPE-ᨬ ।,    ᯮ짮, 
               ਬ, । ᨬ,    DEFINE,  
               祭 ⮣,  ⠪ ᨬ   ᨬ.

     FEED[BACK] {6 | n | OFF | ON}
               뢮 ⢮ ᥩ ࠭     
               롮 n ᥩ.  ON/OFF 砥/몫砥  .   
               ⠭ ON n ⠭  1. ⠭ n  0 
               ࠢ筠 ⠭ OFF.


     FLU[SH] {OFF | ON}
               ,  뫠 १  ன⢮ 뢮 
               짮⥫. OFF ࠧ蠥 樮 ⥬  
               뢮. ON 頥 ਧ.

               OFF ᫥ ਬ   䠩 ࠡ  
               ࠪ⨢ (..,   室  뢮 
               ᮮ饭     䠩).   
               権 /뢮, ⥬ ॥ ࠡ⠥ ணࠬ.




                                   -- 113 --



     HEA[DING] {OFF | ON}
               ࠢ   . 
          ON    ⠢ SQL     ; 
          OFF - 頥; 
          HEADS[EP] {| | c | OFF | ON} 
          ⠭ ᨬ ࠧ⥫ .   ᯮ짮 
           ᨬ   COLUMN    ଠ BTITLE  TTITLE 
           ࠧ   ᪮쪮 ப.  ON/OFF /몫-
           ࠧ⥫.  ࠧ⥫  몫祭, SQL*PLUS 
          ਭ ᨬ-ࠧ⥫   ᨬ.

     LIN[ESIZE] {80 | n}
          ⠭  ப.  ஫  
          業஢  ࠢ ⥪ ࠢ  BTITLE  TTITLE.  
          ⨬ 祭  1  500.

     LONG {80|n}
           ⠭ ᨬ  LONG-祭  뢮  
          ஢.  ⨬ 祭  1  32767. 祭 
          ६ LONG   , 祬 MAXDATA.

     MAXD[ATA] n
          ⠭ ᨬ ਭ ப,  SQL*PLUS  
          ࠡ뢠.  ᨬ쭮  祭  㬮砭  n  
           ⨯ 樮 ⥬.  㪮⢮  ⠭ 
          ORACLE  㪮⢮ 짮⥫  襩 ,    
           .

     NEWP[AGE] {1 | n}
          ⠭ ⢮  ப, ⠥  砫 
           ࠭  孨 . 祭, ࠢ , 
          ⠢ SQL*PLUS 뢮  ࠭栬 ᨬ ॢ  
            ࠭  設⢥ ⨯ ନ.

     NULL ⥪
          ⠭ ⥪,  SQL*PLUS ⮡ࠦ  ।⠢ 
          ⮩ 稭.  NULL  㪠 "⥪" 㦤 SQL*PLUS 
          뢮 ஡ ( 㬮砭). ᯮ ࠧ NULL  
          COLUMN    祭  ன .

     NUMF[ORMAT] ଠ
          ⠭ ଠ, ᯮ㥬  㬮砭  뢮  ࠭ 
          ᫮ ⮢ .  ᫮ ଠ  "ଠ". 
          ᠭ ଠ⮢ ᬮ  ᠭ ࠧ FORMAT  COLUMN.  

     NUM[WIDTH] {10 | n} ⠭ ਭ, ᯮ㥬  㬮砭  
          뢮 ᥫ.

     PAGES[IZE] {14 | n}
          ⠭ ⢮ ப    殬 ࠭. 
             11   54 ( NEWPAGE=6).    y⠭-
           PAGESIZE  0, ⮡   , 뢠 ࠭,
          砫  ப   ଠ  ଠ஢.

     PAU[SE] {OFF | ON | ⥪}
           ࠢ ஫஢  ନ  ६ 믮 
          .    [Return]  [Clear] ᫥  . 
          ON ⠢ SQL*PLUS ᮧ  । 뢮  

                                   -- 114 --



          ࠭ .  । ᮮ饭 SQL*PLUS  ६ 
          .   ஡ 室    窨.  
           ᯮ짮 ନ escape ᫥⥫쭮   
          PAUSE; ..   뢥 ᮮ饭  ᭮ ०  ..

     RECSEP {WR[APPED] | EA[CH] | OFF}  RECSEPCHAR  {|c}
          뢮  ⠥ ࠧ⥫ ᥩ.  ⥫ ᥩ 
          ⮨   ப,  ன ᨬ "c"  LINESIZE 
          ࠧ.  RECSEPCHAR 뢠 ᨬ ࠧ ᥩ.  㬮砭- 
           ஡.

          RECSEP ᮮ頥 SQL*PLUS,  室 ࠦ ࠧ 
          ᥩ. ਬ, ᫨ RECSEP WRAPPED,  SQL*PLUS 뢥 
          ࠧ⥫ ᥩ ⮫쪮 ᫥ ᢥ⮩ ப; ᫨ RECSEP 
          EACH,  ࠧ⥫ 㤥 뢮 ᫥  . ᫨  
          ⠭ RECSEP  OFF,  SQL*PLUS  㤥 뢮 ᨬ 
          ࠧ⥫ ᥩ.

     SCAN {OFF | ON}
          OFF 頥 ࠡ ⠭ ६  ࠬ஢; ON- 
          ࠧ蠥.

     SHOW[MODE] {OFF | ON}
          ࠢ 뢮 ண   祭 ⥬ ६ 
          SQL*PLUS,      SET.

     SPA[CE] {1 | n}
          ⠭ ⢮ ஡    뢮. 
          ᨬ쭮 祭 n ࠢ 10.

     SQLC[ASE] {MIX[ED] | LO[WER] | UP[PER]}
          ॢ ॣ  SQL   PL/SQL । 믮. 
          SQL*PLUS ॢ  ⥪ ,  ࠫ  窠, 
          ᫥騬 ࠧ:

          * 孨 ॣ, ᫨ SQLCASE=UPPER
          *  ॣ, ᫨ SQLCASE=LOWER
          *  , ᫨ SQLCASE=MIXED

          SQLCASE   ᮤন  SQL.

     SQLCO[NTINUE] {>  | ⥪}
          ⠭ ᫥⥫쭮 ᨬ, 뢮  ⢥ 
          ᪠  த  ப SQL*PLUS ( 
          த ᯮ ᨬ ७ "-").

     SQLN[UMBER] {OFF | ON}
          ON ⠭,   ன  ᫥ ப  SQL 
          ᪠ 㤥  ப. OFF   ᪠ 
          १ SQLPROMPT.

     SQLPRE[FIX] {# | c}
          ⠭ ᨬ 䨪 SQL.   ६,   뢮 
           SQL*PLUS  ᪠ SQL>,    ⤥쭮 ப, 
          ன । ᨬ 䨪 SQL,   SQL. SQL 
          㤥 믮  SQL, ᨬ  ⮣,   
           SQL*PLUS.


                                   -- 115 --



SQLP[ROMPT] {SQL> | ⥪}
          ⠭  ᪠ SQL*PLUS.

SQLT[ERMINATOR] {; | c | OFF | ON}
          ⠭ ᨬ, ᯮ騩  襭  SQL. 
          OFF 砥,  ⬥  ᨬ 砭  SQL; 
          짮⥫ 稢  SQL,  ⮩ ப. ON 
          ⠭ ᨬ 砭  祭  㬮砭 (;).

SUF[FIX] {SQL | ⥪}
          ⠭ ᯮ饥  㬮砭 ७  䠩, 
          ஥ SQL*PLUS ᯮ  , 뫠騥   
          䠩. SUFFIX    ७ 䠩  뢮 ( 
          ਧ樨).

TAB {OFF | ON}
          OFF ⠢ SQL*PLUS ᯮ짮 ᨬ ⠡樨  
          ଠ஢   室 . ON ⠢ SQL*PLUS 
          ᯮ짮  ⮣ ஡. 祭  TAB  㬮砭 
           ⥬-ᨬ.   SHOW TAB  ⮣, ⮡ 
          ᬮ 祭  㬮砭  襩 ⥬.

TERM[OUT] {OFF | ON}
          OFF 頥 ⮡ࠦ 室 , 㥬 , 
          믮騬  䠩,  १ 祣 뢮   
          ਧ  뢮 ࠭. ON ࠧ蠥 ࠦ 室 
          . TERMOUT OFF    뢮   
          ࠪ⨢.

TI[ME] {OFF | ON}
          ON ⠢ SQL*PLUS ⮡ࠦ ⥪饥 ६ ।  
           ᪠. OFF 頥 뢮 ६.

TIMI[NG] {OFF | ON}
          ࠢ 뢮 ६ ⨪. ON 뢮 ६ 
          ⨪   믮  SQL   PL/SQL. OFF 
          頥 뢮. ଠ  SET TIMING ON ᬮ  㪮⢥  
          ⠭ 짮⥫   㪮⢥ 짮⥫  襩 
          ॠ樮 ⥬.

TRIM[OUT] {OFF | ON}
          ।,  뢮 SQL*PLUS  ஡    
          ப. ON 㤠 ஡    ப,  
          ࠪ⨪  ⢨  ORACLE १  
          ன⢠. OFF ࠧ蠥 ⮡ࠦ  ஡. TRIMOUT 
          ON  ਢ易  ୮ 뢮;  , ᫨  
          ⠭ SET TAB ON.

UND[ERLINE] {- | c | OFF | ON}
          "c" ⠭ ᨬ, ᯮ騩  ન 
           ⮫殢   SQL*PLUS. ON/OFF 砥/몫砥 
          ન, ᬮ  祭 "c".

VER[IFY] {OFF | ON}
          ON ⠢ SQL*PLUS 뢮 ⥪  ப   ᫥ 
          饭 㪠⥫ ⠢塞 ६ ⢨⥫묨 
          稭. OFF ⬥ 뢮.


                                   -- 116 --



WRA[P] {OFF | ON}
          OFF ᥪ ⮡ࠦ  , ᫨    
          ਭ ⥪饩 ப.  ON ࠧ蠥 ⠬  
          "७"  ᫥ ப.

          ᯮ ࠧ WRAPPED  TRUNCATED  COLUMN, ⮡ 
          ⬥ ⠭ WRAP  ᠭ ⮫殢.

樨   SQL*PLUS ন ⥬ ६ ( ⠪ 뢠 
               ६묨  SET),   ࠨ 
               㦥 SQL*PLUS   ᥠ.    祭 
                SET  ᬮ  ⥪騥 祭  SHOW.

               砭:  SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY   SQL; 
               ᬮ ࠢ筮 㪮⢮   SQL.

     ਬ   ᬮਬ ᪮쪮 ਬ஢ ᯮ짮 ६  
               SET.

   COMPATIBILITY  ⮡ 믮  䠩, SALARY.SQL, ᮧ  
               ᨨ 5 ORACLE, :

               SQL> SET COMPATIBILITY V5
               SQL> START SALARY

               ᫥ 믮 䠩, ⠭ ० 樨  V6:

               SQL> SET COMPATIBILITY V6

                   SET COMPATIBILITY V5  砫 
                䠩,  ⠭     
               䠩 SET COMPATIBILITY V6.

         ESCAPE  ᫨   escape-ᨬ ࠢ "!", 

               SQL> ACCEPT v1 PROMPT 'Enter !&1:'

               뢥 ᫥ ᪠:

               Enter &1:

         HEADING    뢮    , :

               SQL> SET HEADING OFF

               ᫨  ᫥ ⮣ 믮 SQL  SELECT,

               SQL> SELECT ENAME, SAL FROM EMP
                 2  WHERE JOB = 'CLERK';

                 ᫥騥 १:

               ADAMS          1100
               JAMES           950
               MILLER    1300




                                   -- 117 --



         LONG  ⮡ ⠭ ᨬ ਭ 뢮  㥬 
               LONG-祭 ࠢ 500, :

               SQL> SET LONG 500

               LONG-  ᢥ  뢮  ନ;
               SQL*PLUS 㤥 १   500 ᨬ.

     SQLCONTINUE  ⮡ ⠭ ᪠ த  SQL*PLUS 
               ࠢ ᪫⥫쭮   ஡, :

               SQL> SET SQLCONTINUE '! '

               SQL*PLUS 㤥 뤠  ᪠  ப-த:

               SQL> TTITLE 'YEARLY INCOME' -
               ! RIGHT SQL.PNO SKIP 2 -
               ! CENTER 'PC DIVISION'
               SQL>

          SUFFIX  ⮡ ⠭ ७   䠩  
                  㬮砭 ࠢ UFI, :

               SQL> SET SUFFIX UFI

               ᫨  

               SQL> GET EXAMPLE

                SQL*PLUS 㤥 ᪠ 䠩 EXAMPLE.UFI  EXAMPLE.SQL





























                                   -- 118 --



        SHOW           뢮 祭 ⥬ ६ SQL*PLUS.

     ⠪ SHO[W] 
                    ᫥ ࠧ:
               ⥬_६
               ALL
               BTI[TLE]
               LNO
               PNO
               REL[EASE]
               SPOO[L]
               SQLCODE
               TTI[TLE]
               USER

ନ  ࠧ     ⥬_६   ⥬, ⠭ 
                                   SET.

               ALL                뢮 ⠭   権 SHOW.

               BTI[TLE]           뢠 ⥪饥 । BTITLE.

               LNO                뢠 ⥪騩  ப (  
                                  ⥪饩 ࠭ ᯫ  
                                  ਧ 뢮).

               PNO                뢠 ⥪騩  ࠭.
               REL[EASE]          뢠  ॠ樨 ORACLE RDBMS,  
                                   ࠡ⠥ SQL*PLUS.

               SPOO[L]            뢠,   ⥪騩 뢮 
                                  ਧ.

               SQLCODE            뢠 祭 SQL.SQLCODE ( 
                                   ᫥ 믮 )

               TTI[TLE]           뢠 ⥪饥 । TTITLE.

               USER               뢠  짮⥫,    
                                  稫  SQL*PLUS.

樨   ⮡ ᬮ ⥪饥 祭 LINESIZE, :

               SQL> SHOW LINESIZE

               ᫨ ⥪饥 祭 ६ ࠢ 80, SQL*PLUS 뤠 
               ᫥饥:

               linesize 80










                                   -- 119 --



        SPOOL

   ࠭ १ ᮢ  䠩 樮 ⥬ , 筮, 
뫠  䠩  ਭ.  뢠 ⥪饥 ﭨ 
ਧ樨.

     ⠪ SPO[OL] [_䠩[.ext] | OFF | OUT

ନ  ࠧ     _䠩[.ext] 
  䠩,   㤥 ந ਧ ⮡ࠦ 
室 . ᫨   㪠 ७, SPOOL ᯮ ७ 
 㬮砭 (LST  LIS  設⢥ ⥬).

               OFF            ⠢ SQL ⠭ ਧ.

               OUT            ⠭ ਧ  뫠 䠩  
                              ਭ.

                SPOOL  ࠬ஢, ⮡ 뢥 ⥪饥 ﭨ 
               ਧ樨.

樨   ⮡ ஢ 뢮 㥬    
               䠩  ⮡ࠦ   ࠭, ᯮ SET TERMOUT 
               OFF. SET TERMOUT OFF    뢮 ,  
               ࠪ⨢.

     ਬ   ⮡   ⮡ࠦ   䠩   DIARY, 
               :

               SQL> SPOOL DIARY

               ⮡   ᯥ 䠩, :

               SQL> SPOOL OUT

























                                   -- 120 --



        SQLPLUS
            SQL*PLUS ( ᫥ ⥬ ᪠).

     ⠪ SQLPLUS [[-S[ILENT]] [logon] [start]] | -?
          :
               logon          ॡ ᫥騩 ᨭ⠪:

               _짮⥫[/஫][@ᯥ䨪_] |
                         / |
                         /NOLOG

               start         䠩  㬥. 
                         SQL*PLUS । 㬥  䠩 
                         筮  START. ࠧ START   
                         ᫥饬 ଠ:

                         @_䠩[.ext] [1 2 ...]

                          ᠭ  START   .

ନ  ࠧ     ᫨   㪠 logon   start, SQL*PLUS 
        ࠧ㬥,  ࢠ ப  䠩 ᮤন ࠢ 
        logon. ᫨     logon  start, SQL*PLUS 뤠 ᪠ 
            ஫ 짮⥫.

    _짮⥫[/஫]
                 ஫ 짮⥫,     
                   ORACLE.  ᫨  ⨫  ࠬ, 
                 SQL*PLUS    . ᫨    
                  (/)    [Return]  ᪠ 
                 user_name, SQL*PLUS  , ᯮ logon  
                 㬮砭 ( "/" ).

              ᫨  ⨫ ⮫쪮 ஫, SQL*PLUS    
                 .   ஫ ᫥ ᪠ ⮡ࠦ  
                 ࠭.

              ।⠢ logon  㬮砭 (ops$).      
                 ᯥ䨪_, ᫨  ᯮ logon  㬮砭.  
                  㬮砭 logon SQL*PLUS ⠥  , 
                 ᯮ  짮⥫ OPS$,  ""    
                  樮 ⥬.

    /NOLOG    ⠢ ⮢ SQL*PLUS,   ந  
                 ॣ  ORACLE.  । 믮  , 
                 室 믮  CONNECT  ࠢ logon, 
                 ⮡   ORACLE.

    ᯥ䨪_
              ⮨  SQL*NET-ப 祭.  ⠪  ப 
                ⨯ ⮪ 裡 襣 ORACLE.  ⥫ 
              ଠ ᬮ  㪮⢥  SQL*NET    
               .

    -S[ILENT]   ଠ樮  訢騥 ᮮ饭 
              SQL*PLUS,   ᪠ 'SQL >'   



                                   -- 121 --



              ணࠬ,  筮 ⮡ࠦ  ६ ᪠ 
              SQL*PLUS.  ᯮ  ⮣, ⮡ ᤥ 맮 
              SQL*PLUS 㣨 ணࠬ   짮⥫.

    -?        ⠢ SQL*PLUS ࠧ  ⥪饩 ᨨ,  ⥬ 
              । ࠢ 樮 ⥬.    
              ࠧ ஡.

樨
  SQL*PLUS  ࠨ   䠩 ࠬ஢ (profile), 
ᮧ ஬ .  SQL*PLUS 믮   䠩, 
 짮⥫ ᪠ SQL*PLUS  ⠭   ORACLE.  
䠩 ࠬ஢   ࠨ ।  㬮砭   
짮⥫  ⥬; 짮⥫   㯠   䠩 
ࠬ஢.   䠩   ⨯ 樮 ⥬. ஡ 
 䠩 ࠬ஢ ᬮ  㪮⢥  ⠭ ORACLE.

  SQL*PLUS ⠪ ন 䠩 ࠬ஢ 짮⥫ (User Profile), 
믮塞 ᫥  䠩 ࠬ஢.  SQL*PLUS  䠩   
LOGIN.SQL  襬 ⥪饬 ४ਨ. ᫨ SQL*PLUS  㦨 ⮣ 䠩 
,  SQL*PLUS 㤥 ᪠  䠩  ४   . 
 樮 ⥬  ন  -᪠. ᫨ 
SQL*PLUS  㦨 LOGIN-䠩,  뢥 ।०襥 ᮮ饭  
த  ॣ樨.


     ਬ    ᪠ SQL*PLUS   SCOTT  ஫ TIGER, :

               SQLPLUS SCOTT/TIGER

               ⮡ ᤥ   ᠬ    POLICY  㬮砭, 
               :

               SQLPLUS SCOTT/TIGER@POLICY

               ⮡   SQL*PLUS  믮  䠩 
               STARTUP.SQL, :

               SQLPLUS SCOTT/TIGER @STARTUP




















                                   -- 122 --



        START           믮 㪠  䠩.

     ⠪ STA[RT] _䠩[.ext] [1 2 ...]

ନ  ࠧ     _䠩[.ext] 
     䠩,    믮.  䠩 ᮤন 
 ,    믮 ࠪ⨢.

᫨   㪠 ७, SQL*PLUS ᯮ ७  㬮砭 
(筮 SQL).  ଠ樥   ७  㬮砭  
 ᠭ ६ SUFFIX  SET   .

   START _䠩.ext, SQL*PLUS 㤥 ᪠  䠩  
⥪饬 ४ਨ. ᫨ SQL*PLUS  㦨  䠩,    
  ४,     樮 ⥬.  
樮 ⥬   ন  -᪠.

[1 2 ...]   । 㬥, ।  䠩. ᫨ 
                   㬥⮢, SQL*PLUS ⠢  
              祭  ࠬ (&1,&2, ...)  䠩.   
              㬥 頥 &1, ன 頥 &2,  ..

                START ᢠ ࠬࠬ 祭 㬥⮢; ᫨ 
                 ᭮   䠩   ᥠ,  
                  祭   㬥,  
               ᯮ짮  祭.

               ஡  ᯮ짮 ࠬ஢ ᬮ  ࠧ 
               "। ࠬ஢    START" ࠧ 
               "ᠭ ࠪ⨢ "   3.

樨    @ ( "at") ࠡ⠥ 筮 START,    
                । ࠬ.

     ਬ      PROMOTE.SQL, ᯮ㥬  ᮤ⢨ 
               㦠騬,  ᮤঠ ᫥ :

               SELECT * FROM EMP
               WHERE MGR=&1 AND JOB=&2 AND SAL>&3;

               ⮡ 믮   䠩, :

               SQL> START PROMOTE 7280 CLERK 950

               ⥬ SQL*PLUS 믮 ᫥ :

               SELECT * FROM EMP
               WHERE MGR=7280 AND JOB='CLERK' AND SAL>950;











                                   -- 123 --



        TIMING           뢠  ஭஢  饬 
                        ६ 믮 , 뢮  ⥪饩 
                         ஭஢   ,  뢮 
                        ⢮ ⨢ ⥩ ஭஢.

     ⠪ TIMI[NG] [START ⥪ | SHOW | STOP]

ନ  ࠧ     START ⥪
   ⠭  ஭஢   ⥪   
.       ⨢  ஭஢, 
।⢮  ⥫쭮 ,  ⠭ ।  
஭஢. ᫥ 饭  ஭஢ ⠭ 
⥪饩.

SHOW      뢮  ⥪饩  ஭஢   .

STOP          뢮  ⥪饩  ஭஢   
          , ⥬ 㤠  . ᫨   ⨢ 
           ஭஢,   , ᮧ ᠬ ᫥, 
             㭨⮦, ⠭ ⥪饩. ᯮ ࠧ 
          TIMING   CLEAR  㤠  ⨢ ⥩.

 ⮡ࠦ ⢠ ⨢ ⥩ ஭஢ ᯮ 
TIMING  ࠬ஢.

樨     ᯮ짮     䥪⨢ 
                   PL/SQL.

                ஡ﬨ   㪮  ⠭ ORACLE 
                㪮 짮⥫  襩 樮 ⥬. 
                 SET TIMING ON,  ⮡ࠦ ⥪饣 
               ६ ᫥  믮    PL/SQL.

     ਬ    ᮧ  ஭஢   SQL_AREA, 
               :  SQL> TIMING START SQL_AREA

                뢮  ⥪饩 
               ஭஢   , :
               SQL> TIMING SHOW

                뢮  ⥪饩  ஭஢  
                ,  㭨⮦   :

               SQL> TIMING STOP















                                   -- 124 --



        TTITLE           頥  ଠ 㪠  
                          ࠭ ,  뢮 ⥪饥 
                        । TTITLE.

砭:  ᠭ ண ଠ TTITLE, ᮢ⨬  UFI (।⢥
             SQL*PLUS), ᬮ TTITLE( ଠ)  ਫ F.

     ⠪ TTI[TLE]  [printspec [⥪ | ६] ...] | [OFF | ON]

                printspec ⮨    ᪮쪨 ᫥ ࠧ, 
               ᯮ㥬  ࠧ饭  ଠ஢ ⥪:

               COL n
               S[KIP] [n]
               TAB n
               LE[FT]
               CE[NTER]
               R[IGHT]
               BOLD
               FORMAT char

ନ  ࠧ     ᫨   㪠 ࠧ printspec । ⥪⮬, TTITLE 
     ࠢ ⥪ .  뢮 ⥪饣 । TTITLE,  
     TTITLE   ࠬ஢.

     ᠭ  ନ  ࠧ ⢨⥫쭮    BTITLE.

     ⥪      ⥪ .  室    
               窨, ᫨     ᫮.

     ६      짮⥫ ६    ᫥ 
                    ⥬ ६:

               * SQL.LNO (⥪騩  ப)
               * SQL.PNO (⥪騩  ࠭)
               * SQL.RELEASE (⥪騩  ॠ樨 ORACLE)
               * SQL.SQLCODE (⥪騩  訡)
               * SQL.USER (⥪饥  짮⥫)

     ⮡ 뢥    祭, ᯮ ᮮ⢥饥   
     .  ଠ஢ ६ ࠧ FORMAT.

     OFF       몫砥  (頥  뢮)     
               ᠭ.

     ON        砥  (ࠧ蠥  뢮).   ᠫ 
         孨 , SQL*PLUS ⮬᪨ ⠭ TTITLE  ON.

     COL n     ६饭   n ⥪饩 ப.  ""   
                       ⥪ 砥  ,    ⠡.

     S[KIP] [n]  ய n ப; ᫨  ⨫ n, ய᪠  
                 ப; ᫨ n=0,    砫 ⥪饩 ப.

     TAB n     ய n  (६饭 , ᫨   ਤ-
               ⥫쭮 ᫮). ""   ⥪ 砥  
               ,    ⠡.


                                   -- 125 --



     LE[FT],   ࠢ , 業஢, ࠢ 
     CE[NTER], ࠢ   ⥪饩 ப. CENTER  RIGHT 
     R[IGHT]   ᯮ 祭 SET LINESIZE  ᫥ 樨,  
                室  .

     BOLD      ⠥  㦨 ⮬.  SQL*PLUS 뢠 
               㦨   ନ ७    
               ᫥⥫ ப.

     FORMAT char   ଠ,  । ଠ  
 ᫥ ⮢ .  ଠ   ᨬ쭮 
 ⠭⮩, ⠪  10  $999-   ६. ஡   
 ᬮ COLUMN FORMAT.

    ᫨ ⨯   ଠ  ᮮ⢥ ⨯  , 
 ࠧ FORMAT  뢠 ﭨ   .

    ᫨  ᮮ⢥ᢨ 㦥,  SQL*PLUS ⠥ ᫮ 
 祭, ᯮ ଠ  㬮砭  ᫮ 祭  ଠ 
  ࠧ SET NUMFORMAT.  ⨯ DATE 뢮  ଠ  
 㬮砭.

    ஡  ଠ  㬮砭 ᬮ ᠭ ࠧ FORMAT  
COLUMN   .

樨   SQL*PLUS  TTITLE   ଠ, ᫨ 
               ⨬ ࠧ printspec (LEFT, SKIP, COL,  ..) ᫥ 
               ।⢥   .   ᠭ COLUMN 
               NEW_VALUE       孥 .

                 ᯮ짮  ⢮ ⠭  ६ 
                printspec. SQL*PLUS 㤥 뢮 ⠭  ६  
               㪠  浪, 樮  ଠ  
               ⠭  ६  ᮮ⢥ᢨ  ।饩 ࠧ 
               printspec.

     ਬ   ⮡ । 孨 : "Monthly Analysis" 
               ࠢ ,   業  ࠢ  ࠭,  
               뢥 "Date in Thousands" 㦨 ⮬  業 
               ᫥饩 ப, :

               SQL> TTITLE LEFT 'Monthly Analysis' CENTER '11 Mar 88' -
               > RIGHT 'Page:' FORMAT 999 SQL.PNO SKIP CENTER
               BOLD -
               > 'Data in Thousands'

                १ 㤥 ᫥騩 :

               Monthly Analysis       11 Mar 88
               Page:   1 Data in Thousands

               ⮡  뢮     ᠭ, 
               :

               SQL> TTITLE OFF




                                   -- 126 --



        UNDEFINE

           ⮦ ६ 짮⥫,   ᮧ  
               ( DEFINE)   (  㬥⮢  
               START).

     ⠪ UNDEF[INE] ६

ନ  ࠧ     ६           ६ 짮⥫,  
                                          㤠.

     ਬ    㤠 ६   POS, :

               SQL> UNDEFINE POS













































                                   -- 127 --



        WHENEVER SQLERROR

            SQL*PLUS, ᫨  SQL   PL/SQL 
               ᣥ஢ 訡.

     ⠪ WHENEVER SQLERROR {EXIT [SUCCESS | FAILURE | WARNING | n | 
                              ६] | CONTINUE}

ନ  ࠧ     EXIT [SUCCESS|FAILURE|WARNING|n|६]
          ਪ뢠 SQL*PLUS ᮢ ⫮     , 
          ⮫쪮 SQL*PLUS 㦨  SQL-訡 ( ⮫쪮 ᫥ 
         뢮 ᮮ饭  訡). ࠧ EXIT    
         ᨭ⠪   EXIT.  ᠭ  EXIT.

          ᫨ 訡  ந諮,  室  SQL*PLUS  㤥.

CONTINUE  몫砥  EXIT.

ਬ       䠩 ᯥ稢 室  
       SQL*PLUS  뢮  訡 SQL, ᫨  SQL UPDATE  
       㤠筮, .. ⠪ ࠧ 㤥 ய饭  COPY:

          SQL> GET RAISE
            1  WHENEVER SQLERROR EXIT SQL.SQLCODE
            2  UPDATE EMP SET SAL = SAL*1.1
            3  COPY TO SCOTT/TIGER@D:BETHESDA -
            4  REPLACE EMP -
            5  USING SELECT * FROM EMP
            6  WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE






























                                   -- 128 --




ਫ       饭  訡       COPY


           ਫ  ਢ ᯨ᮪ ᮮ饭  訡  
       COPY. 饭  訡, 㥬 ORACLE RDBMS, ᬮ 
        "㪮⢮    ᮮ饭  訡 ORACLE".


CPY0002:    訡筠  APPEND,CREATE,INSERT  REPLACE

稭:  ७ 㭪 COPY ⨢஢ COPY  祭 樨 
          ᮧ  .

⢨:   ।⠢⥫  ORACLE.


CPY0003:  Internal Error: logical host number out of range ७ 訡: 
       ᪨    

稭:  ७ 㭪 COPY ⨢஢  祭 ᪮ 
        ,    .

⢨:   ।⠢⥫  ORACLE.

CPY0004:  室  楫 ⠡    ᮯ⠢.

稭:   樨 APPEND  INSERT ( ⠡ )  ࠩ 
            ⠡-祭  ᮢ  
       ᮮ⢥騬    易⥫쭮 ᯨ᪥   
          SELECT.

⢨: ࠢ  COPY, 㡥,      
       ᫥⥫쭮  ⠡ 祭 ᮢ    
       ᫥⥫쭮   易⥫쭮 ᯨ᪥   
        SELECT.


CPY0005:  Source and destination column attributes don't match ਡ 
         楫  室 ⠡  ᮢ

稭:   樨 APPEND  INSERT ( ⠡ ),  ࠩ 
           ⠡-祭  ᮢ  ⨯ 
       ᮮ⢥饩    SELECT.

⢨: ࠢ  COPY, 㡥,  ⨯  ᮢ.   
       ८ࠧ   ᯮ짮 TO_DATE, TO_CHAR, TO_NUMBER.


CPY0006:  Select list has more columns than destination table  ᯨ᪥ 롮 
        , 祬  楫 ⠡

稭:   樨 APPEND  INSERT ( ⠡ ), ⢮ 
          SELECT , 祬 ⢮   楫 
       ⠡.

⢨: ࠢ  COPY, 㡥,  ⢮ 롨ࠥ 
        ࠢ    楫 ⠡.

                                   -- 129 --




CPY0007:  Select list has fewer columns than destination table  ᯨ᪥ 
       롮  , 祬  楫 ⠡

稭:   樨 APPEND  INSERT ( ⠡ ), ⢮ 
          SELECT , 祬 ⢮   楫 
       ⠡.

⢨: ࠢ  COPY, 㡥,  ⢮ 롨ࠥ 
        ࠢ    楫 ⠡.


CPY0008:  More column list names than columns in the destination table  
         ᯨ᪥ , 祬  楫 ⠡

稭:   樨 APPEND  INSERT ( ⠡ ), ⢮ 
           , 祬 ⢮   楫 
       ⠡.

⢨: ࠢ  COPY, 㡥,  ⢮   ᯨ᪥ 
        ࠢ    楫 ⠡.


CPY0009:   Fewer column list names than columns in the destination table 
          ᯨ᪥ , 祬  楫 ⠡

稭:   樨 APPEND  INSERT ( ⠡ ), ⢮ 
           , 祬 ⢮   楫 
       ⠡.

⢨: ࠢ  COPY, 㡥,  ⢮   ᯨ᪥ 
        ࠢ    楫 ⠡.



























                                   -- 130 --



        ਫ B 
                           3.0       ᮢ襭⢮

SQL*PLUS ᨨ 3.0 ।⠢ 짮⥫ ᫥騥 :

*      ।, 㤥  SQL*PLUS   COMMIT  
     ROLLBACK   SQL.  SET-६, COMPATIBILITY,  
      ন ᮢ⨬  묨 䠩, ᠭ묨  
     ORACLE ᨨ 5.  ᠭ ६ COMPATIBILITY  SET  
      6.

*      , ।஢,   믮  PL/SQL  
     SQL*PLUS.  ࠧ "믮  PL/SQL" ࠧ "  
     믮 "   2.

*     ⮬᪨  襭 ࠡ  ⥢ ।. SQL*PLUS 
     ᥩ । ᪮쪮    SELECT    
     ⥢ ᮮ饭.

*      ࠭  짮⥫    SQL*PLUS  
     SQL   ⠡ PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE, ᯮ   
     SYSTEM.  ᭥ ᬮ  ਫ .

*      ᪠ ஫  ࠧ FROM  TO  COPY; SQL*PLUS 
        ஫,   ⮬ 뢮 ஫  ࠭. 
      ᠭ  COPY   6.

































                                   -- 131 --



     ਫ C
                          ࠭祭 SQL*PLUS


 -1,  ᫥饩 ࠭, ਢ ࠭祭  ᨬ 
祭   ਢ  SQL*PLUS. ਢ ࠭祭 
  設⢠ 樮 ⥬ (஬ PDP11  mc68000).

 -1              
࠭祭 ࠭祭 SQL*PLUS 

   䠩   ⥬

  짮⥫      30 ᨬ

  ६ 짮⥫ 30 ᨬ

 ६ 짮⥫      240 ᨬ

⢮ ६ 짮⥫ 1024

⢮ ६      50 SQL INSERT ᯨ᪥ INTO

⢮ ६   SQL 100

  ப             500 ᨬ

 LONG-祭      250 ᨬ  SQL*PLUS

 뢮 ப              500 ᨬ (  5)

 ப ᫥ ⠭     1000 ६

⢮ ப      500 SQL (ப=80 ᨬ)

⢮ ப  ࠭       50000

              60000 ᨬ  VMS,  32767

⢮ ᥩ  ᨢ       5000 롮ન

⢮       20  VMS,CMS, 䠩 Unix;  5

⢮ ࠭            99999















                                   -- 132 --




            ਫ D                        ᮪  SQL

 ⠡ D-1,  ᫥饩 ࠭, ਢ ᭮   ࠧ 
SQL.  SQL ᠭ   㪮⢥.   㬥樥  
⨬    "㪮⢮ 짮⥫   SQL"  
"ࠢ筮 㪮⢮   SQL".

 D-1              ᭮   ࠧ SQL
᮪  SQL

                    ALTER               GROUP BY
                    AUDIT               HAVING
                    CLOSE Cursor   INSERT
                    COMMENT        LOCK TABLE
                    COMMIT         NOAUDIT
                    CONNECT        OPEN Cursor
                    CONNECT BY          ORDER BY
                    CREATE         PREPARE
                    DECLARE        RENAME
                    DELETE         REVOKE
                    DESCRIBE       ROLLBACK
                    DROP           SAVEPOINT
                    EXECUTE        SELECT
                    EXPLAIN        SET TRANSACTION
                    FETCH               UPDATE
                    FOR            VALIDATE INDEX
                    FROM           WHENEVER
                    GRANT               WHERE






























                                   -- 133 --




        ਫ E
                     ࠭祭 ਢ 짮⥫  SQL*PLUS

 ਫ  뢠 ᯮ짮 ⠡ PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE  
SQL*PLUS.  த ORACLE ᯮ PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE, ⠡ 
  (account) SYSTEM,  ⮣, ⮡ ᯥ   ஢ 
த,     ஢ 짮⥫,   ᢮ 
। ᯥ稢  SQL GRANT  REVOKE.   ᯮ짮 
PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE  饭 ।  SQL*PLUS  SQL  
। SQL*PLUS   짮⥫. ⨬,  SQL*PLUS-   ORACLE 
RDBMS- 易⥫쭮 ᯮ  ⮤ ᭮.

  ᯮ짮 PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE   ᮡ⢥ ࠧࠡ⪠, 
⠪   ᯮ த ORACLE.  ਫ  
ᯨ䨪 ᯮ짮 PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE SQL*PLUS  ⠪ ਢ 
 ࠢ  ᯮ짮  ⠡  㣨 楫.    
 ଠ樥    PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE.

᫨  ࠭稫 ਢ 짮⥫  GRANT  REVOKE,   
࠭稫  ਢ  PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE, ࠭祭  
⢮.  ᫨  ⨫ 짮⥫ ᯮ짮    
 ⠡ PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE,   ࠭稫   
 GRANT  REVOKE,  㤥 ⢮.

  ᮧ PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE, 믮  䠩   
PUPBLD.SQL .  ७  ⮯ 䠩   ⥬.  
㪮⢮  ⠭ ORACLE  襩 樮 ⥬   
 襬 .

SQL*PLUS ⠥ ࠭祭  PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE,  짮⥫ 
ॣ  SQL*PLUS  ন  ࠭祭  祭 ᥠ.  
  ⠡ PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE  ⢮ ⮫쪮   
ॣ樨 짮⥫  SQL*PLUS.

 ⠡
                ⮨  ᫥ :

                                 Null ?   Type
               ------------------------ -------- -------------
               PRODUCT              NOT NULL CHAR(30)
               USERID                       CHAR(30)
               ATTRIBUTE                    CHAR(240)
               SCOPE                             CHAR(240)
               NUMERIC_VALUE                NUMBER(15,2)
               CHAR_VALUE                        CHAR(240)
               DATE_VALUE                        DATE

ᠭ  ᯮ짮 

襬   ⠡ PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE:

Product         ᮤঠ  த (  砥 SQL*PLUS).  
                 㭨ᠫ쭮 ᮯ⠢ (wildcard)  
               .  ⠪    NULL.




                                   -- 134 --



Userid          ᮤঠ  짮⥫ ( 孥 ॣ), 
              ஬    ᯮ짮 . ⮡ 
               ᯮ짮   祬  짮⥫, 
              ᯫ 饭 ᨬ SQL (%)  ᤥ ᪮ 
              ᥩ.  ࠧ, ᫥騥  :
               *  SCOTT
               *  CLASS1
               *  CLASS%  ( 짮⥫,   稭  CLASS)
               *  %      ( 짮⥫)

Attribute       ᮤঠ  ( 孥 ॣ)  SQL*PLUS 
               SQL,     ᯮ짮 (ਬ, 
              GET).     饭 ᨬ.  
              "ࠢ", ,  ਢ ᯨ᮪  SQL*PLUS  
              SQL,    .

Scope         SQL*PLUS   .    NULL 
                .  㣨 த  ࠭   
              ࠭祭  ᯥ-䠩   .

Numeric_Value  SQL*PLUS   .    
              NULL   .  㣨 த  ࠭  
                ஢ 祭.

Char_Value     ᮤঠ ᨬ ப "DISABLED".  
              ᯮ짮 饭 ᨬ.

Date_Value    SQL*PLUS   .    NULL 
                .  㣨 த  ࠭ 
              DATE-祭   .

ࠢ
     짮⥫ SYSTEM     ਢ  
⠡ PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE. ( SYSTEM ॣ, SQL*PLUS  
⠥ PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE. ⮬,  짮⥫ SYSTEM  뢠 
 ࠭祭).  㣨 짮⥫ ORACLE    ⮫쪮 
 롮   ⠡.  䠩 PUPBLD,   믮, 
।⠢ SELECT-  PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE ᥬ 짮⥫. ⮡ 
  SQL*PLUS  SQL 㪠 짮⥫, ⠢ ப 
ᮤঠ  짮⥫   Userid,     
Attribute,  DISABLED   Char_Value.  Scope, Numeric_Value, 
Date_Value  ᮤঠ NULL. ਬ:

                           NUMERIC CHAR     DATE
PRODUCT  USERID ATTRIBUTE SCOPE VALUE   VALUE VALUE 
-------- ------ --------- ----- ------- -------- ----- 
SQL*Plus SCOTT  HOST DISABLED 
SQL*Plus %         INSERT DISABLED 
SQL*Plus %         
UPDATE DISABLED SQL*Plus %         DELETE DISABLED

⮡ ࠧ  짮 , 㤠 ப ᮤঠ 
࠭祭.

   ᫥騥  SQL*PLUS:
     * CONNECT
     * EDIT
     * EXIT

                                   -- 135 --



     * GET
     * HOST  (   HOST, ⠪  $)
     * QUIT
     * RUN
     * SAVE
     * SPOOL
     * START

 ⠪   ᫥騥  SQL:

     * ALTER
     * AUDIT
     * CONNECT
     * CREATE
     * DELETE
     * DROP
     * GRANT
     * INSERT
     * LOCK
     * NOAUDIT
     * RENAME
     * REVOKE
     * SELECT
     * UPDATE
     * VALIDATE


































                                   -- 136 --




        ਫ F              SQL*PLUS  ࠭ ᨩ

           ਫ F ਢ  SQL*PLUS  ࠭ ᨩ. 
           ""    ࠡ  SQL*PLUS,   SQL*PLUS 
            ,   㭪樮쭮 
          ᮢ襭⢮.


BTITLE ( ଠ)

     祭     뢮    ࠭ .
      ⠪     BTI[TLE] ⥪

    樨     ଠ BTITLE ।  ࠭祭 
                 ଠ஢, 祬  ଠ ,  
               ᯥ稢 ᮢ⨬  UFI (।⢥ SQL*PLUS). 
                ଠ  뢠   騩  
               ⮩ ப  ப  業஢ ⥪⮬.  
               ஡ﬨ   ᠭ TTITLE ( ଠ)  
                ਫ.


COLUMN DEFAULT

     祭     뢠 ਡ 뢮 㪠    
祭  㬮砭.

      ⠪     COL[UMN] { | ࠦ} DEF[AULT]
    樨     筮 COLUMN CLEAR


DOCUMENT

     祭     稭  㬥஢   䠩.
      ⠪     DOC[UMENT]

   樨  ଠ樥   ⮤ 㬥஢  
䠩   ࠧ "饭 ਥ   䠩" 
ࠧ "࠭     ஫짮"   3   
REMARK   6.

᫥  DOCUMENT   [Return], SQL*PLUS 뢥 ᪠ DOC> 
 SQL>,     㬥஢.  "#" 稢 
㬥஢.  ᫨  ⠭ DOCUMENT  OFF, SQL*PLUS ந 
 DOCUMENT    ப 㬥஢  . 
( SET DOCUMENT   ਫ.)


NEWPAGE

     祭     뢮   뢮 n ப  砫 ᫥饩 
                    ࠭.

      ⠪     NEWPAGE [1 | n]

    樨     ଠ樥   ᠭ ६ NEWPAGE 
                      SET   6.

                                   -- 137 --




SET BUFFER

     祭      㪠  ⥪騬.

      ⠪     SET BUF[FER] { | SQL}

    樨
    砫, ⥪騬   SQL.  SQL*PLUS  ॡ ᯮ짮 
᪮쪨 ஢;   SQL  ᤥ  室.

᫨  , ஥  㪠,   , SET BUFFER 
। (ᮧ  )  . SQL*PLUS 㤠    
ᮤন  室  SQL*PLUS.

믮  ⮬᪨  SQL- ⥪騬. ⮡ ᪮஢ 
ᮤন   㣮 , ᯮ  GET  SAVE.  ⮡ 
 ⥪騩 , ᯮ CLEAR BUFFER. ⮡  SQL-, 
    ⥪騬, ᯮ CLEAR SQL.


SET DOCUMENT

     祭     蠥  頥  DOCUMENT.
      ⠪     SET DOC[UMENT] {OFF | ON}

    樨    SET DOCUMENT ON ࠧ蠥 ᯮ짮  DOCUMENT.  
               SET DOCUMENT OFF 頥 ᯮ짮  . ᫨ 
                ⨫ ᯮ짮 DOCUMENT, SQL*PLUS  
               ᫥騥 ப  .

                ᠭ  DOCUMENT   ਫ.

SET TRUNCATE

     祭     ࠫ ᢥ⪮  祭 ⮢ ,  
                      ⥪饩 ਭ ப.
      ⠪     SET TRU[NCATE] {OFF | ON}

    樨    㭪 ON 筠 SET WRAP OFF,  .   
। ᯮ짮 WRAP, ⠪   SHOW  WRAP,   
ᯮ TRUNCATE.


TTITLE ( ଠ)

     祭     뢮    ࠭ .
      ⠪     TTI[TLE] ⥪

    樨     ଠ TTITLE ।  ࠭祭 
  ଠ஢, 祬  ଠ ,  ᯥ稢 
ᮢ⨬  UFI (।⢥ SQL*PLUS).   ଠ  
뢠 孨  騩  ப  ⮩ ᫥  ஬ 
࠭ ࠢ,  ன ப 業஢ ⥪,  ப- 
.

"⥪",   㪠,  ,  㤥 뢮  
ன ப.

                                   -- 138 --



SQL*PLUS 業 ⥪ 室  ⠭  ப (SET 
LINESIZE).  ࠧ⥫ (|) 稭  ப;  ᨬ "||" 
 ⠢ ⮩ ப.    ᨬ ࠧ⥫ ப  
 SET HEADSEP.

  ࠢ ଠ஢ ஢ ࠭   ଠ  
TTITLE  BTITLE, । ६   "_page".  㬮砭  
 祭 "page &P4". ⮡  ଠ,   ᯮ짮 
DEFINE _page   ଠ⮬:

SQL> SET ESCAPE /
SQL> DEFINE _page = 'Page /&P2'

 ப ଠ஢ 㤥 뢮 "Page"   ᨬ 
 ࠭.   易⥫쭮 escape-ᨬ, ⮡ SQL*PLUS  
஢ ᠭ (&)  ⠭ ६.  ᠭ 
६ ESCAPE  SET   6.

SQL*PLUS  TTITLE  ஬ ଠ, ᫨ ࠧ    
 ᫥ ࠧ   ଠ .

     ਬ   ⮡ ᯮ TTITLE  ஬ ଠ, ⠭ 孨 
  ⮩ ᫥, ஬  ࠢ    ப ⥪ "SALES 
DEPARTMENT"   ᫥饩 ப "PERSONNEL REPORT", :

        SQL> TTITLE 'SALES DEPARTMENT|PERSONNEL REPORT'

































                                   -- 139 --
