


      IV         


                V6.0

 ⮬ ਫ  ⠫쭮  뢠   ORACLE RDBMS V6.0.
饭 ᯨ᮪  室  .

 ࠧ  ⥭  뢠饥 ᠭ,   ⠪  ।祭
      室  ᨨ 5  ᨨ 6.   ﬨ  襭
ᨨ 襩  , ,  "㪮 짮⥫ 
⠫樨"  ᨨ 6.

  ନ

 ᯨ᮪   ⫨稩  ନ  ﬨ 5    6
।⠢   ⮣ ࠧ.   ᨨ 6 ନ " " 
""   ᯥ筮 祭, 祬  ᨨ 5:

        , 室  ࠡ  㯠  
               .  ।⠢  ᥡ "।⢮ 㯠"  
               .

      䠩, ᮤঠ  (ਬ - ᫮ ),
               ।⠢  ᥡ ",   ".

⥬    ⥬      
 (       
 -
⥬)

 ⮢  ᯮ짮  樠樨   "ᮧ  "
  SQL -  CREATE DATABASE, -   ⨫ SQL*DBA.
 ஡ .  1  13.


  ⨫ SQL*DBA


SQL*DBA -   ⨫,  ।⠢  ᥡ  ᫥
⨫  ᨨ 5: IOR, ODS, AIJ, CCF.    ⮩ ⨫ 
:
* ᮧ     SQL -    -  CREATE DATABASE
* 믮   SQL  PL/SQL.
* ⮢  ⠭   ᪮쪮 ஢ ( 
  㤠)
* ஢  (  ࠧ塞   ᪫⥫쭮 ०) 
  뢠   (  㯭)
*   몫 ० 娢஢  ୠ
* ஢  ⠭   ࠡ       
* ॢ ⠡筮 ࠭⢮   offline      online
* ᫥ (ਭ) ⥪ ࠡ  

   SQL*DBA   ਢ஢묨   樮
⥬,    ॡ  짮⥫,  ࠡ饬  ⮩ ⨫⮩, 
ਢ  믮 ⠪ . ⠫ ᬮ  襬 "㪮⢥
짮⥫  ⠫樨".


                                    -- 1 --



DBA   ᮥ       짮⥫ SYS, ᯮ
祢 ᫮ INTERNAL,   믮  । ⨯ ᮯ஢
(ਬ - ᮧ     䠩 ).

   SQL*DBA    믮  SQL -  
,   ⨫   ।⢮  뤠 ⮢   
ଠ ⥩ SQL*Plus  㣨 㬥⠫ ।.  
  ஡  ଠ樨    SQL*DBA    13  ਫ .

    SQL*Loader  ODL

     ᨨ 6 SQL*Loader  ORACLE Data Loader (ODL). SQL* Loader
砥  ᥡ   ODL  ᯥ稢 .   
"㪮 짮⥫  ⨫⠬ ORACLE"     ଠ樥 
SQL*Loader. ଠ  ᯮᮡ ਫ,  ᯮ ODL, 
ࠡ  SQL*Loader ᮤন  "㪮⢥ 짮⥫  ⠫樨".

        ᮢ襭⢮ ᫮ 

 ᨨ 6 ।⠢    ஢  ᫮  .   
ᮧ  ஬    짮⥫ SYS.

      ᫮   ४뢠     ᨨ
5.    ࠧࠡ⠭  祭 ᯮ짮  ᮢ⨬ 
騬 ⠭⠬    SQL:  ANSI/ISO.   ⮫殢  ᮣᮢ 
.   ᫥饩 ⠡ ਢ ᯨ᮪  ᯮ㥬 ஢
ᨨ 5      ᨨ 6.

   V5                                 V6
    
    catalog                                  all_objects
    dtab                                     dictionary
    tab                                 user_tables/user_objects
    col                                      user_tab_columns
    columns                                  all_tab_columns
    views                                    user_views
    synonyms                                 user_synonyms
    indexes                                  user_indexes
    clusters                                 user_clusters

 ᯥ祭 ᮢ⨬ ᭨   ᮧ ᫮   ᨨ
5 ⠢ 䠩 CATALOG5.SQL.    ᯮ짮 ᮧ  ᫮,
ᮤঠ騩     ᨨ   5;   ஢ - 짮⥫ SYSTEM.
 ᫮ ᨨ 5  ⢮  ࠬ ᨨ 6.  ⬥
᫮  ᨨ 5 ᯮ 䠩 DROPCAT5.SQL.

     6 - ᫥, ন ᫮  ᨨ 5.    
ᮢ⮢ ஢ ᢮ ਫ   ࠡ   ᫮६,
 த ᯮ짮 .

         

, 易   ᨥ 6,  뢠    ᢮  ⠡.

      ࠢ騥 䠩




                                    -- 2 --



    ࠢ騥 䠩 -  訥 易⥫ 䠩,  ᮧ 
ন ORACLE RDBMS.   - 䨪  䨪
䨣樨    (ਬ - 䨪  ᯮ 䠩 
 ୠ ୮ 믮);  ⭮      
ன ଠ樨   ࠡ . ࠢ騥 䠩  
易⥫쭮 ᯥ譮 ⠭   ,  ⮬  ࠭஢
ᨬ쭮  ४    ᪮쪮     䠩.

            

       ᨨ 5,     ᮤঠ   -  䠩
.    ᨨ  6    䠩 ⭮  ⠡筮 ࠭ SYSTEM,
筮 ⮬   ᨨ 5 -  樨 SYSTEM.  ᨨ 6  ⮣ 䠩
  㪠  ᮧ    CREATE DATABASE;   
   ᪮쪮 䠩  .

         ୠ ୮ 믮

     ୠ ୮ 믮 -   ᨨ 5;  믮
㭪,  䠩 AIJ  ᨨ 5.  ࠡ ⥬ 室
ᯮ짮   -  䠩 ୠ  ୮  믮,  
     㤮 ᯮ짮 襣 ᫠ 䠩 ୠ.
  䠩  ,  䠩 ᯥ   CREATE DATABASE.


   INIT.ORA

   ।  ⥬,  䠩 INIT.ORA  ᮤঠ ࠧ
䨣樮 ࠬ, ࠭稢騥      
ந⥫쭮.   䠩 믮   㭪,   
ࠬ஢ ,  ⠪  .   ࠢ筨 
ࠬ஢     ਫ D.

 ਢ ⠡ ࠢ  ᮮ⢥騥   ⥬ ᨨ6 
ᨨ 5:
   6               5           砭
    
    ()    ()   ⢥ 
    ࠢ騥 䠩       -                  ᨨ 6

     INIT.ORA         INIT.ORA      ⢥ 
                                               ࠬ஢ 
                                             ᨨ 6 
     ୠ -                          ᨨ 6,
    ୮ 믮                       䠩 AIJ

    -                    䠩 AIJ           易⥫  V5, ५  V6

     ⪠      -                     易⥫  ᨨ 6,
                                             - BI - 䠩  V5

   -                    BI - 䠩         易⥫  ᨨ 5, ५  V6


            

     ꥪ   ,   ५.


                                    -- 3 --



           

 ࠭⢠  筮  ᨨ 5, ⠡-  ࠭⢠
                        ᮤঠ ꥪ   ⠪  ⠡,
                          .      쭮 楩
                         ⠭. ࠬ , 易 
                        ⠡묨 ࠭⢠, ⢥  -
                           ᨨ 5.

 ⪠           ᯮ  ⨢稢
                        ⥭, ⪠ ࠭権  ⠭  .
                         - ⢥  BI - 䠩  V5.

᫥⥫쭮          CREATE SEQUENCE 
                        ᯮ  樨 㭨 祩.

         

   ᥭ  ,   樨 ᫥ ꥪ⮢:

             ଠ    ப.   ᮧ ꥪ⮢
                      ᯮ짮  ࠬ  
                   ࠭権 (PCTUSED,  INITRANS, MAXTRANS).

                ᨨ  6   ॡ  , 祬  ᨨ 5
                   ( V5 3    ).

             ᨨ 6 ⮫쪮       
                   ᭮ ᥣ ( ᨨ 5     ⠡-
                      ࠭     ⮬  ᥣ). ,
                     -      ⠡筮  -
                   ࠭⢥,  ⠡,  㢥- 
                   ந⥫쭮.    V6 ᯮ אַ ( 
                   ⭮) ᦠ⨥.
             
  ᮤ-   ⮫ NOT NULL.    
                   ᮧ   ᯮ짮   CREATE  INDEX (
                   ⮣,        - ).  ६
ᥣ ६ ᥣ ⢥  -  ६ ⠡栬
                   ᨨ 5.  祭 NULL      ᫥⥫쭮 
⮫殢   ப  ॡ , -  ᫨      ᫥
                   ⮩ ⮫ -  ॡ     
                   祭 NULL.

ROWID                ଠ,
 ⫨筮  V5 祭.

              権,    ࠭祭  ࠪ⨪ , 
                   ࠬ -  易  ⠡묨 ࠭⢠- ,
                   ⠡栬,  ࠬ  - .   ᠭ
                   ࠧ STORAGE   "ࠢ筮 㪮  
                   SQL".    ࠬ  諨  ᨨ 5, 
                   -  -    (INITIAL,   MINEXTENTS, NEXT, PCTUSED,
                   PCTINCREASE).  襭 ᯮ짮 PCTFREE = 0.

          ࠢ ࠭ﬨ



                                    -- 4 --



     襣  ࠢ ࠭ﬨ  ⥬ 뫨 
  :

    * COMMIT  ROLLBACK ⠫ ⥯ ࠬ 몠  SQL (
 ⠭  SQL*Plus     ᨨ 5 ࠪ-
   ⢥  SQL*Plus).
    *   ਬ   SAVEPOINT  
祪 ࠭  ࠭樨,      ᬮ  ⪠-
.
    *  rollback 믮 ⥯  ஢ SQL -  -
,   ࠭樨 -  뫮  ORACLE ᨨ 5.
    *    ⠪  ।⢮ প ᮣᮢ
⥭    SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY.


   ० ஢

     ⥬  ORACLE  V6.0   c   樥   ࠡ⪨   ࠭権
㬠稢 ०  ஢  ஢ ப.  
12  ᫥騥 ० ஢:

    * EXCLUSIVE
    * SHARE
    * ROW SHARE
    * ROW EXCLUSIVE
    * SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE
    * SHARE UPDATE

     ⥬  ORACLE  樥 ࠡ⪨ ࠭権 ⮫쪮 ᪫-
騥 ஢ १ࢨ   ஢ ப,  
 䨪.  뤠 SELECT FOR UPDATE  ப, 㤮-
⢮騥 ᫮ WHERE,        롮ન  ࢮ
ப.

    ORACLE V6.0    樨 ࠡ⪨ ࠭権 ᯮ  
 ஢ ஬ ᪫⥫쭮 ஢ ⠡, -
   믮 UPDATE.   ᨨ 5 ஢ 믮
 롮થ  ப.

  ஢ ஫

    ᫥⢨ ⮣,    ORACLE  V6  ᯮ 㣮 
஢ ஫,  DBA     ஫ ᫥
  .

   訡

       ᮮ饭  訡,   -
५. ᫨   襩 ணࠬ ⪮  ஢ઠ ।
 ,  ஢,  ,    ᮮ⢥-
騥 .

    SQL

     몠 SQL  ᨨ 6 ᮤন  . -
  "ࠢ筮 㪮   SQL"    -
     SQL.    㯮  ⭮
᫥騥:

                                    -- 5 --



    *  ᯨ᮪ १ࢨ஢ ᫮; . "ࠢ筮 㪮-
⢮   SQL".
    *    SQL - ஢, :

      CREATE | DROP | ALTER DATABASE
      CREATE | DROP | ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT
      CREATE | DROP | ALTER SEQUENCE
      CREATE | DROP | ALTER TABLESPACE
      SAVEPOINT
      SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY

    *    ௥ ,   ᮡ - 易
 ᯥ䨪樥   ० ஢.
    * -        ,  -
  ﬨ  । ࠭, ५.
    *     CREATE  SEQUENCE  ⮬᪨ 
㭨 騥  뢠騥  ᫥⥫쭮  ᥫ.
ᥢ-⮫ CURRVAL    NEXTVAL ᯮ  롮ન 
ᣥ஢ 祢 祭.
    * ⠪  ⭮⥫쭮 楫⭮ ন,   
뢠. 㣨 ᫮, ⥫쭠 ଠ -
  ᫮ ,   ᯮ  ஢ન ࠢ쭮
.  ࠧ  CREATE TABLE   ᥡ:

* DEFAULT
* NULL
* UNIQUE
* PRIMARY KEY
* FOREIGN KEY ... REFERENCES
* CHECK
*     㭪樨  ।⢥ প 樮-
   몮: NLSSORT  REPLACE.
* 訡  ஢ ⪠뢠   ஢ ࠭権,  
   ஢ SQL - ஢.
*   祭  (null)  饩 ஢ ⠭-
   ,   뢠饩 - .

    ନ ᨨ 5  ᨨ 6

     ਢ   ⠡  ᮤন  "᢮"  ᠭ
ᮡ⥩,  ᨨ 5.1,    -
,   ᯮᮡ 㯠.

   5.1                      ᨨ 6.0
    
    樨                      ५,  
                                  ⠡ ࠭⢠
    ।                   ५,   ࠧ
    ࠭                     CREATE, ALTER

    BI - 䠩                     ५,   ᥣ ⪠
    ⨫ ODS                    MONITOR ⨫ SQL*DBA
    SGA                           筠  ᨨ 6.0

    4 䮭              5 䮭 ᮢ (SMON,
    (ARH,CLN,BIW,BWR)             PMON,DBWR,LGWR  易⥫쭮 ARCH)
    易⥫쭮 -            ५,  易⥫
    짮 AIJ               ᯮ짮 䠩 ୠ

                                    -- 6 --



                                  ୮ 믮  易-
                                  ⥫쭮 娢樥 .
    ()                         ० ARCHIVELOG  NOARCHIVELOG

    ⠭ 䠩 AIJ     SQL*DBA:  RECOVER

    ⨫ CCF                   SQL - : CREATE DATABASE
    IOR INIT                      SQL - : CREATE DATABASE
    IOR WARM                      SQL*DBA:  STARTUP

    ()                         ஢/ࠧ஢  
    ()                         ⨥/⨥  

    IOR SHUT                      SQL*DBA:  SHUTDOWN
    䠩 INIT.ORA                 ⢥ 祭  V6.0

                     V6.0   ᮧ 
    ᥣ /       ⢥ ,   1
                                    ᥣ
    ६ ⠡             ⢥ ,  -
                                   ᥣ⠬
    ()                         ࠢ騩 䠩 (易 
                                   )
    ⠡ ᫮          DICTIONATY
    DTAB

         SQL*DBA

    SQL*DBA -  㬥⠫쭠 ⨫,   -
 ࠢ  ᫥  ࠡ⮩  .  SQL*DBA 
 ᯮ짮  믮 ᫥ ⢨:

    *   ⠭  ORACLE
    * ஢,  ࠧ஢,  ⨥   ⨥  
       ORACLE
    * ਭ  ॠ쭮 ६  ᯮ짮    ந-
      ⥫쭮 ࠡ   ORACLE
    * 믮 १ࢭ ஢  ⠭ ୠ
        
    * 믮  몠 SQL.

     ਫ  ᭮ ࠢ ᮡ    -
짮 SQL*DBA  ᮤন ଠ  ᯮ짮 ⨫-
,   SQL*DBA,  ⠪ ࠢ筨  ᥬ  SQL
*DBA, ।⠢  䠢⭮ 浪.

    맮 SQL*DBA

 맮  ⨫  SQL*DBA     ⢥  ਣ襭 樮]
⥬  SQLDBA.  ⨫  ⢥  ᫥騬 ࠧ:
     :                    sqldba
     :                    SQLDBA>

 砥 室  㪠,   ⨯ ନ  ᯮ:

    SQLDBA TERMINAL=VT100



                                    -- 7 --



     "⨯ ନ" -  ⠭⭠ ॢ, ᯮ-
 襩 樮 ⥬    ନ,  ਬ  -
VT100   IBM3270.  ᯮ ⨯ ନ ᮮ⢥
 ନ, ᯮ㥬 ⨫⮩ CRT.   ஡
ଠ樨  ⨯ ନ   SQL*DBA     䠩
.CRT   襬 "㪮  짮⥫    ⠫-
樨".  ஡ ଠ樨  ⨫ CRT   "㪮-
 짮⥫  ⨫⠬ ORACLE".

    SQL*DBA  ᯮ짮  ࠪ⨢ ०,    
 室  ப  । 樮 ⥬.
 ਠ ᯮ짮 SQL*DBA 뢠   ᫥-
 ࠧ.

     ࠡ  ࠪ⨢ ०  ⢥  ਣ襭 SQL*
DBA     ⨯ ⢥⮢:
    *  SQL*DBA   易⥫묨 㬥⠬
    * SQL - 
    *   PL/SQL
    *   ࠡ   䠩.

    設⢮  SQL*DBA ॡ,  ⮡ 砫  ᮥ-
  ⥬ ORACLE,  ᯮ  짮⥫   ஫.
筮  뤠  CONNECT.

    ᫨ SQL*DBA 㦨  襩  訡,  뤠 
 ப  㪠  訡.

    SQL*DBA

⨬ ࠧ  SQL*DBA.   :
    *   ப, ᫨   ⮩ ப ⠢
       ᫥, 騩 த
    *  ॡ ᯥ樠쭮 㭪樨   ᨬ

    ᠭ ᨭ⠪  ⤥    SQL*DBA  ਢ 
  ਫ.

     SQL*DBA,   騥 ਢ஢묨 ⥬묨 ,
 믮  짮⥫,  騬   ⨫ SQL*DBA.

  ਢ஢  SQL*DBS

      SQL*DBA  ⥬묨 ਢ஢-
묨 - ᨫ쭮 䥪,  뢠   . -
 -  STARTUP,  SHUTDOWN, CONNECT INTERNAL -  ਢ-
஢ .        믮 짮⥫, :
    *    ணࠬ SQL*DBA
    *  ⥬   믮 ਢ஢  SQL*DBA.

    ⢮  짮⥫   ࠭祭  筮
  ࠬ  .      -
㯠   樮 ⥬,   ⠫ﬨ  -
⢥饬 "㪮 짮⥫  ⠫樨".

  뤠  SQL



                                    -- 8 --



    ᫨  ᮥ   ,   ᬮ 믮 -
 SQL  -     । SQL*DBA.  SQL -  ⠥
襭    믮, ᫨ ୮ ᫥饥:

    *  室 ப   ⢥  ᨬ    ᫥  
    * 室 ப 蠥 窮  ⮩

     ࠧ,  ਢ ࠢ  SQL*DBA:

    SQLDBA> CONNECT scott/tiger

    SQLDBA> SELECT * FROM DICTIONARY
         2> WHERE TABLE_NAME LIKE 'USER_%';

    SQLDBA> SELECT * FROM SCOTT.EMP
         2> /

      SQL -  ਬ    ᯮᮡ
᭮: 짮⥫,  ᮥ訩   , -
  ᮮ⢥騥 ਢ  믮 ⮣ -
. ਬ, ᫨ 짮⥫ SCOTT  ⨫⮩ SQL*DBA
   ਢ DBA,   㯠  ⠡ NANCY.PAYROLL
짮⥫ NANCY      SELECT.

    ,   ⫨稥  SQL*Plus,  SQL*DBA   
 SQL - ஢,      ࠡ  ࠡ 
஬ SQL*Plus.

  뤠  PL/SQL

    ᫨     ⠫஢  ORACLE  RDBMS   樥 ࠡ⪨
࠭権,    ।  SQL*DBA      믮  
PL/SQL.   襭    PL/SQL  SQL - 
 믮 ᯮ    (.).  ப,  稭騥  
DECLARE  BEGIN   窮  ⮩.  믮-
   PL/SQL   । ப ᫥.


  믮  䠩

 믮    䠩  ।     ᨬ "" (@):

    SQLDBA> @beginday

    ᫨  㪠 ७   䠩,  ।  SQL.
  室  ⠪  ᫥襬  窮  -
⮩.    䠩  SQL -    -
  窮  ⮩  ᫥襬 ᫨  ,  ⮡  -
 (.. SQL*DBA   ,  SQL*Plus).  -
 䠩  뢠 㣨  䠩; 㡨 
 䠩   樮 ⥬.


  뤠   ஢ 樮 ⥬





                                    -- 9 --



     SQL*DBA    믮   室  । ⨫,
    ப SQL*DBA.      ப  
㪠뢠    SQL*DBA,   䠩,    믮-
. ⠪  ப ᫥騩:

    SQLDBA [ COMMAND="command text" ] [ TERMINAL=terminal_type ]

ਬ:
    SQLDBA command=""startup dba pfile=myinit.ora""

    ( 樮 ⥬,  ਬ - VMS, ॡ -
⥫ 窨   祭  ப).


  ᯮ짮 SQL*DBA  । 㤮

    ᫨ ⥫쭮 ⠫஢ SQL*Net,  ⨫ SQL*DBA -
 ᮥ    㣨  ,  室騬   㧫 .
⥫쭮, SQL*DBA  ᯮ짮  ᪠ -
  㤠 㧫.

     㪠    ,   ன   ࠡ-
, ᯮ  SET INSTANCE.    
⥬ ᯮ짮     ᫥饩  뤠    STARTUP,
SHUTDOWN, MONITOR,  CONNECT  ⠪ -  SQL - ஢  
 㪠  .

 ⠫쭮  SET INSTANCE  SHOW INSTANCE ᠭ   22.

        ਭ      MONITOR

    ᯮ  MONITOR,    ᫥ ⥪ -
  .  ਬ,   㢨:

    *  ࠡ   ६ 짮⥫ ORACLE
    *  ணࠬ ࠡ
    *  짮⥫  㣨 짮⥫
    *   ⠡栬  
    * /뢮
    *  ⨪  ᯮ짮  .

⤥ ࠭    뢠 ।⢥:

    SQLDBA> MONITOR LOCK

     맢  ,   ࠢ:  MONITOR.   
  . -1.
Ŀ
                                                                
               SQL*DBA MONITOR Menu                             
                                                                
  Cycle      n                 - Set cycle interval to 'n' secs 
  Exit                         - Exit Monitor                   
  File IO                      - I/O on per file basis          
  IO         [pid][pid]        - I/O histogram of process       
  LAtch                        - Latches currently held         
  LOck [all] [pid][pid]        - Locks held/waited for          
  Process    [pid][pid]        - Process information            

                                    -- 10 --



  Rollback                     - Rollback segment statistics    
  SPool      [filename|OFF]    - Start/Stop writing log file    
  STatistics [class][pid][pid] - System activity summary        
  Table      [pid][pid]        - Table access information       
  User       [pid][pid]        - User information               
                                                                
    Enter Option (C,E,F,I,LA,LO,P,R,SP,ST,T,U) and parameter(s) 

  㭮 -1    MONITOR

       MONITOR ।⠢ ਮ᪨  -
  ࠡ  ,  ᯮ    祭  ண
६    뤥 ࠧ ଠ쭮  ଠ쭮 -
  .

    ࠭  MONITOR  १ । ࢠ-
. ࠧ㬥 ࢠ - 5 ᥪ㭤;     -
  SET CYCLE.    ॠ쭮     祭
ࢠ  1  3600 ᥪ㭤, ४ 쭮 㪠뢠
5 ᥪ㭤 (-  室  ॣ ࠭).

    Set cycle interval to 'n' secs - ⠭ ࢠ ॣ-
                                     樨 'n' ᥪ㭤
    Exit Monitor                   - 室  
    I/O on per file basis          - /뢮   䠩
    I/O histogram of process       - ⮣ࠬ /뢮 
    Latches currently held         - 騥  饫
    Locks held/waited for          - ஢/ ஢
    Process information            - ଠ  
    Rollback segment statistics    - ⨪ ᥣ⮢ ⪠
    Start/Stop writing log file    - 砫/   䠩 ୠ
    System activity summary        - ⪨   ࠡ ⥬
    Table access information       - ଠ  饭  ⠡栬
    User information               - ଠ  짮⥫

    ᯮ  SQL*DBA - SPOOL,   ࠢ  室
   䠩.    ࠭   MONITOR 뢠 
᫥ ࠧ.

   ᪮ ந⥫쭮,  ᯮ㥬  MONITOR

    ⥫쭮  ࠭,  뤠  MONITOR,  -
 ।⢥     ,   ᭮ 
࠭ ନ.    ࠭   ⠡,  뢠
"栬 ᪮ ந⥫쭮".   ⠡ -
ᠭ ।⢥   (     ᪠),    
 襭  ஬  SELECT  筮  "⮫쪮-⠥"
⠡栬.

    楬  ⠡  짮⥫ SYS.   ⠡-
 稭  䨪 V_$,   ᮧ   ᭮  -
 V$.      訢.   ᯨ᮪   ஢
ਢ  ਫ .

  ।⠢ 㣨 짮⥫ ࠢ 㯠  ࠭  MONITOR.




                                    -- 11 --



     㬮砭  ⮫쪮 짮⥫ SYS    ⠡栬
᪮ ந⥫쭮  ,  ᮮ⢥⢥,  ⮫쪮   
ᯥ稢 ଠ樥    MONITOR.   ।⠢
㯠 㣨   짮⥫   SYS       믮    䠩
MONITOR.SQL.   䠩  ᮤন  室   GRANT 
।⠢ ᥬ 짮⥫ ࠢ ᬮ ࠭ -
. ( ⠪     ⨫ SQL*DBA  믮-
  MONITOR).

     ।⠢ ࠢ 㯠  ࠬ ᪮ 䥪-
⨢ ࠭祭         짮⥫        
஢ 䠩 MONITOR.SQL.

  ࠪ⨪  ࠭  MONITOR

    ਬ 뤠    MONITOR   ⮬ 㪮⢥  
⥬ VAX/VMS;      ⥬  ⥬.

      ६ 뤠 뢠  ࠢ 孥 㣫  -
. ᫨  뤠  SET INSTANCE, ⥪騩 㧥  -
䨪  ᢥ稢   孥 㣫.

     㬮砭 ࠭  뤠 ६   
. ᫨      㢨    ࠭ ଠ 
᪮쪨 ,  㪠    䨪  
(PID) -    ,   -  䨪஢ -  -
쪨. ஬ ⮣,      ⨪    ஢
ᥩ ⥬ ( ᥬ ᠬ), 㪠 PID 0.

     1 ᯮ  ६    .  -
  2  5 ।⠢ 䮭  (DBWR,  LGWR, SMON,
PMON).  6 ।⠢ ARCH, ᫨  ࠡ⠥.  -
 ᥣ   ⮬  浪.

     䨪 ꥪ⮢  ⮣, ⮡  -
   ࠭, ।⠢  ⭠筮 .

    ᫨    ଠ   MONITOR    ᢮
࠭, 室 ஢ ᫥饥:

    *       SQL*DBA ?
    *       ⠡栬 ᪮ ந⥫쭮 ?
    * ࠢ쭮   㪠 । ନ (CRT)  ᪥ SQL*DBA?

  ࠭ MONITOR PROCESS

    ਬ 뤠  MONITOR PROCESS   . -2. 
⮬ ࠭  㬬 ଠ   ,  -
    १ 㪠  (   䮭 ).

     ࠭  ᯮ짮  । 䨪஢
짮⥫ 樮 ⥬ (ID),    -
 १   ORACLE,  ⠪ ணࠬ ORACLE, -
  믮.  ⮡ ᬮ,   짮⥫
ࠡ⠥   騩    SQL -  ᫥ -
ࠡ뢠, ᯮ ࠭ MONITOR USER.
Ŀ
                                                                

                                    -- 12 --



               ORACLE Process Monitor        Tue Nov 1 16:45:33 
                                                                
 ORACLE System  System                                          
    PID    PID  User Name Terminal Program                      
 ------ -------- --------- -------- --------------------------- 
      2 2C000B92 MMOORE    UNKNOWN  $2$DUA22:[V6KNLDVE.SH ....  
      3 2C000793 MMOORE    UNKNOWN  $2$DUA22:[V6KNLDVE.SH ....  
      4 2C000B95 MMOORE    UNKNOWN  $2$DUA22:[V6KNLDVE.SH ....  
      5 2C000796 MMOORE    UNKNOWN  $2$DUA22:[V6KNLDVE.SH ....  
      6 2C001132 SDIMICKZ           $1$DUA29:...TP1PROC.EXE     
      7 2C001550 SDIMICKZ           $1$DUA29:...TP1PROC.EXE     
      8 2C001451 SDIMICKZ           $1$DUA29:...TP1PROC.EXE     
      9 2C001940 SDIMICKZ           $1$DUA29:...TP1PROC.EXE     
     10 2C001653 SDIMICKZ           $1$DUA29:...TP1PROC.EXE     
     11 2C001854 SDIMICKZ           $1$DUA29:...TP1PROC.EXE     
     12 2C001C52 SDIMICKZ           $1$DUA29:...TP1PROC.EXE     
     13 2C001C55 SDIMICKZ           $1$DUA29:...TP1PROC.EXE     
     15 2C00136D SDIMICKZ    RTA14: $2$DUA22:[V6KNLDVE.SH ....  

      㭮 -2 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR PROCESS

    ,     (稭   2) -
  䮭  (DBWR,  LGWR, SMON, PMON),  ᫨ -
  ARCH,   㤥  .     -
   ணࠬ.   짮⥫,   쥬
⮫,    짮⥫ ORACLE,    짮⥫ -
樮 ⥬, ⨢襣  .

      ࠭ MONITOR USER

    ਬ 뤠  MONITOR USER   . -3.
Ŀ
               ORACLE User Monitor           Tue Nov 1 16:45:33 
                                                                
         $1$DUA29:[SDIMMICK.TP1]TP1PROC.EXE                     
                                                                
               Process Information                              
                                                                
    ORACLE PID: 6                    Latch Wait: NONE           
    System PID: 2C001132              Lock Wait: NONE           
     User Name: SDIMICKZ                                        
      Terminal:                                                 
        Status: FOREGROUND                                      
                                                                
               Session Information                              
    Session #: 1                                                
    User Name: TP1                                              
      User ID: 5                                                
      Command: UPDATE                                           

  㭮 -3 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR USER.

     孥   ࠭    ,  祭
짮⥫, 䨪 짮⥫ 樮  ⥬  
 ⥬.    ଠ    뤠    
MONITOR PROCESS.



                                    -- 13 --



      ࠭ 뢠 ଠ ORACLE,  
짮⥫,   ᥠ (  砥 1),   ᫥ -
 SQL - .

        p p TABLE

    ਬ 뤠  MONITOR TABLE  ਢ    .  -3.
 ࠭ 뢠 ⠡,      
⥪騩  ஢.  ,   ⮫ 1 -
  ⠡  ᫥ ⮫.  ⮡ ।, 
⮩ ⠡  PID  ,  室    ࠭
MONITOR USER    ᬮ,    짮⥫ ORACLE ᮮ-
  䨪  (PID).

     ਬ  뤠  ᥩ ⥬;   ᬮ
c⢥騩 ࠭    짮⥫.
Ŀ
         ORACLE Table Access Monitor    Tue Nov  1  17:25:45    
                                                                
  PID  Obj#  Owner ID Owner Name         Table Name             
  ---  ----- -------- ------------------ --------------------   
  13     14f        5 TP1                BRANCH                 
  13     14e        5 TP1                TELLER                 
  11     14f        5 TP1                BRANCH                 
  11     15d        5 TP1                HISTORY                
  12     14d        5 TP1                ACCOUNT                
  12     14e        5 TP1                TELLER                 
  12     15b        5 TP1                HISTORY                
  12     14f        5 TP1                BRANCH                 
  13     14d        5 TP1                ACCOUNT                
  13     15b        5 TP1                HISTORY                
  10     14f        5 TP1                BRANCH                 
  10     14e        5 TP1                TELLER                 
  10     15b        5 TP1                HISTORY                
  10     14d        5 TP1                ACCOUNT                

  㭮 -4 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR TABLE

    ᫮  ஬  ⮫  -  ⭠筮  ।⠢
䨪 ꥪ .  ⭠ ID 
⠪   ࠭ MONITOR LOCKS. ॢ   ⥬
  ।⠢ ᮡ 䨪 ꥪ, 室饣  .

      ࠭ MONITOR LOCKS

    ਬ 뤠  ଠ樨    MONITOR LOCKS 
 㭪 -5 - -7.  㦤 ⨯,  ⠪ -
祭 ࠧ塞  ᪫⥫ ஢ ਢ   12.
Ŀ
               ORACLE Locks Monitor    Tue Nov  1  16:54:27         
                                                                    
                 Uppercase=owner Lower case=waiter                  
18 Res-es 13    Proc. S=Share X=Exclusive l=row-S R=row-X C=S/row-X 
================--2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-0-1-2-3-------------------------- 
RT.......1....0       X                                             
RW.10002c1....0                       X                             
RW.100030f....d           X                                         
RW.100030f....f                   C                                 

                                    -- 14 --



RW.1000311....d                     X                               
RW.100039f....0             X                                       
TD.....14d....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....14e....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....14f....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....14a....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....14d....0           R R R R R R R R                           
TD.....14e....0             R         R                             
TD.....14f....0             R                                       
TD.....14a....0             R   R     R R                           
TD......11...57                         X                           
TD......16...56             X                                       
TD......25...56                       X                             
TD......28...56                 X s                                 

      㭮 -5 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR LOCKS

        祭 뤠 ॢ ᫥饥:

    RT        ஢  ୠ ୮ 믮 (믮-
               LGWR).
    TD        TD - ஢  -    ஢  ஢  DDL  
              ० S  X.  ன ᫥  ஢ ⮫
              뢠 䨪  ꥪ    ⭠筮
              ଥ.   ᫮   ࠭ TABLES  
               ꥪ.
    TM         ஢     ⠡.  ன ᫥ 
              ஢ ⮫ 뢠 䨪  ꥪ  
              ⭠筮 ଥ.    ᫮   -
              ࠭ TABLES    ꥪ.
    TS         ஢  ६ ᥣ. ன ᫥ -
               ஢ ⮫ 뢠 䨪  ६-
               ᥣ.
    TX         ஢  ࠭権.  稥  ⮩   ஢
              뢠 , 믮訩 ஢ ப.

Ŀ
               ORACLE Locks Monitor    Tue Nov  1  16:54:27         
                                                                    
                 Uppercase=owner Lower case=waiter                  
18 Res-es 13    Proc. S=Share X=Exclusive l=row-S R=row-X C=S/row-X 
================--2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-0-1-2-3-4------------------------ 
CF.......0....0       X                                             
CS.......0....0       S                                             
RT.......1....0       X                                             
RW.10002b6....0                   X                                 
RW.10002c1....0                       X                             
RW.10002ca....0               X                                     
RW.10002ed....0                 X                                   
RW.10002f0....0             X                                       
RW.100030d....0                     C                               
TD.....14d....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....14e....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....14f....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....15a....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TM.....14d....0             R R R R R R R                           
TM.....14e....0             R R R R   R                             
TM.....15a....0             R R R R   R R                           

                                    -- 15 --



TX......1e...63                   X                                 
TX......1f...63               X                                     
TX......21...62                 X                                   
TX......23...63             X                                       

      㭮 -6 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR LOCKS

Ŀ
               ORACLE Locks Monitor    Tue Nov  1  16:54:27         
                                                                    
                 Uppercase=owner Lower case=waiter                  
18 Res-es 13    Proc. S=Share X=Exclusive l=row-S R=row-X C=S/row-X 
================--2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-0-1-2-3-4------------------------ 
RT.......1....0       X                                             
RW.10002b4....0                       X                             
RW.10002c8....0                 X                                   
RW.10002de....0               X                                     
RW.10002eb....0                         X                           
RW.10002ee....0             X                                       
RW.1000310....c                   C                                 
TD.....14d....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....14e....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....14f....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....15a....0           S S S S S S S S                           
TD.....14d....0           R R R R R R R R                           
TD.....14e....0             R R R     R R                           
TD.....15a....0           R R R R   R R R                           
TD.......b...65                     X                               
TD.......f...65           X                                         
TD......10...65             X                                       
TD......21...64                   s     X                           
TD......23...65                 X                                   
TD......3c...65               X                                     

      㭮 -7 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR LOCKS

      ࠭ MONITIR LATCH

     MONITIR  LATCH   ᯮ짮  ᫥-
 ஢ ७  ("饫").  饫 
७ ࠧ塞     SGA.  짮⥫᪨
 䮭   饭  ७  "饫-
" ,    襭 ᯮ짮 - ᢮. 
饫 頥 ᢮  ,  㥬  饫.

 .-8   ਬ  ࠭,  뤠    MONITIR LATCH.
Ŀ
                     ORACLE Latch Monitor   Tue  Nov 1    17:04:04  
                    Willing-to-Wait-Requests- -No-Wait-Requests---- 
Latch Name            PID      Total  Timeouts Immediates Total Succ
--------------------  ----    ------- -------  ---------  ----- ----
process allocation                399       1      398      0      0
session allocation             259341      14   259330      0      0
messages                       188804    2692   188534      0      0
enqueues                       299178    3650   296973      0      0
cache buffers chains           739510    4972   735253  55002  54661
cache buffers lru ch            68236    5976    67740 177362 176054
cache buffer handles            71600     141    71462      0      0

                                    -- 16 --



multiblock read obje             2144       0     2144      0      0
inter-instance buffe                0       0        0      0      0
system commit number           101663     168   101502      0      0
Archive control                     0       0        0      0      0
Redo allocation                122233     449   121828      0      0
Redo copy                           0       0        0   6849   6849
DML/DDL allocation              79360     153    79228      0      0
transaction allocati            16075      15    16060      0      0
undo global data                14627       4    14623      0      0
sequence cache latch              585       2      584      0      0
row cache objects              258989     141   258937      0      0

      㭮 -8 ਬ ࠭ MONITIR LATCH.

       ⮬ ࠭ 祭  室 ⮫
timeout.   祭 ।⠢ ᮡ ६  timeout.
 饫    ⠩  ᨫ쭮    
樮  ⥬;     ⥬ ⠩ ࠡ뢠
᫥ ࢮ  饭   (᫨  ),   -
 믮 ᪮쪮 ⮪  । ࠡ뢠 -
堭 ⠩. ᫨ 祭 ⠩  ० ⥬ ,
  㪠뢠  訥   ஡.

     ⮫ immediate (।⢥) 뢠 饫-
, 믮  .

    㬬 ᥫ  ⮫ immediate   timeouts    易⥫쭮
 ࠢ ⮫ total, ⠪  ⢥  
  ᮡ ᪮쪮 ⠩⮢    -
   饫.

    ᮡ     ᫥騥 ⨯ 饫:

    * enqueues  (⠭  ।)
    * cache buffers chains (楯窨 -஢)
    * cache buffers lru chain (楯窨 ஢ LRU)
    * chahe buffer handles  (㦨 -஢)
    * redo allocation (।  ୠ ୮  믮)
    * redo copy  (஢ ୠ)

    ⠢訥 祭 ᯮ  ᭮ 㦡 প
Oracle Corporation.  ᫨ 祭 cache ...- ࠬ஢  ⭮-
⥫쭮   襩 樮 ⥬  ,  㬥-
  䠩 INIT.ORA 祭  ࠬ஢ DB_BLOCK_MAX_CLEAN_PCT
 DB_BLOCK_TIMEOUT_WRITE_PCT.

      ࠭ MONITOR STATISTICS

    ࠭ MONITOR STATISTICS ᯮ  ⨢  ᫥-
 ந⥫쭮 ⥬.   㬮砭 ⨪ 뤠-
   ᮢ (⥬);      뤠
ଠ樨    ⤥쭮        ᮢ.  
㯭  ⨪      뤠        MONITOR
STATISTICS ALL,   ⤥ 㯯 뤠  ᯮ짮 ᫥-
饣 ᨭ⠪ :

    MONITOR STATS [ USER | ENQUEUE | CACHE | REDO | ALL ]


                                    -- 17 --



     묨 ᪫祭ﬨ ⨪ 뤠    "᫮
ᮡ⨩  ᥪ㭤". 祭 뤠  ᫥騥 ⮫:

CUR..饥 祭  ⨪   -
      (  ᮢ).   祭, ஢
      ᫥ 横.
AVG..뢠 । 祭 ⮣   ⨪
       砫  ⮣ ࠭. ᫨ ࠭ 뤠-
        짮⥫,  뢠 ।  祭
       ; ᫨ ࠭ ।⠢  -
     ,   । 祭  ᥬ ᠬ.
MAX..뢠 ᨬ쭮  祭  ⮣  -
     ⨪, 襥   砫 뤠 ⮣  ࠭.
MIN..뤠 ᮮ⢥饥 쭮  祭    ᥬ 横.
TOT..㬬୮ 祭 ⮣  ⨪     砫
     뤠  ⮣  ࠭ (     ⥬ ஢).

          -9 ਢ ਬ 뤠  MONITOR STATISTICS
Ŀ
                   ORACLE Statistics Monitor  Tue Nov  1  16:53:26  
    ORACLE PID: 0 Session #: 0  User Name: SYSTEM STATISTICS        
Statistic Name         CUR      AVG     MAX     MIN     TOT         
--------------        ----- -------- ------- ------- ------         
longs                     0     null    null    null     69         
current longs             0     null    null    null     13         
cumulative opened cu      0     null    null    null  11841         
cerrent open cursors      0     null    null    null     33         
user commits           0.00     2.68    5.00    0.00    287         
user rollbacks         0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00      0         
user calls             0.40    13.79   24.00    0.40   1475         
recursive calls        0.00     1.50   18.60    0.00    161         
messages sent          0.20     1.79    3.40    0.20    191         
messages received      0.20     1.79    3.40    0.20    191         
background timeouts    0.20     0.07    0.20    0.00      7         

      㭮 -9 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR STATISTICS.

background (䮭 ⠩)  ⨪ ᯮ 㦡
timeouts   ᮯ஢        .

cumulative (饥 ⢮ 뢠  ஢)    ᫮
opened        ஢  稭   ⥯
cursors    ⥬ (  㦥 ).  ⢮
           뢠        ୮ 뤠  MONITOR.

current        ⥫  ᯮ짮 
logons    ⥬ ஢.  ᫮  ⮫  CUR  뢠
          ⢮  ॣ権     ⥪騩
          横 (᫨ ࠭ 뤠  ஢ ,  ⮫
          ᥣ ࠢ 1).  祭 ࠢ 祭 ⥫
          logons. ᫮  ⮫ TOT 뢠 饥 ⢮
          ⥪ ॣ権  砫 横.

current   饥 ⢮   ஢.   ᫮ 
open cursors     ⥬ ஢.




                                    -- 18 --



logons     ⥬ ஢ ᫮  ⮫  CUR 뢠
          ᫮  ॣ権 ᮢ  ⮬ 横  ᥣ
          ࠢ ᮮ⢥饬   ப  current  logons.
           ஢ ᮢ  ᫮ ᥣ 0  1.

          ᫮  ⮫ TOT -  饥 ⢮ ॣ-
           ᮢ ( 稢訥).   祭
               ࠭  ࠢ 饩 㬬 
           ⥯ ᪠.

messages  (祭 ᮮ饭)  ⨪ ᯮ  -
received   ᮯ஢       .

messages  (᫠ ᮮ饭)  ⨪ ᯮ  -
sent       ᮯ஢       .

recurcive 뢠 ᫮ ४ᨢ 맮,   樨
calls      ᫮६  .  讥 祭 ⮣ ⥫
            ⮬,  筮  ଠ  -
             ᫮.    - ᫨誮
          讣 ᫠ 権  ࠧ SQL - ஢ 
          ᫨   -    ᫨誮 .   -
             㢥祭 ࠬ஢ 䠩 INIT.ORA,
          稭  DC.

user      ⢮ ࠡ⠭ 짮⥫᪨ 맮.
calls

user      ⢮ ࠭権     (    ᥩ
commits   ⥬).   ᫮      ࠢ ࠧ 
          user calls  user rollbacks.

user      ⢮ 権 rollback   .
rollbacks

     㭪 -10  ਬ ࠭ MONITOR STATUS ENQUEUE.
Ŀ
                   ORACLE Statistics Monitor  Tue Nov  1  16:53:26  
    ORACLE PID: 0 Session #: 0  User Name: SYSTEM STATISTICS        
Statistic Name         CUR      AVG     MAX     MIN     TOT         
--------------        ----- -------- ------- ------- ------         
enqueue timeouts      0.00      0.20    0.60    0.00      3         
enqueue waits         0.00      0.47    1.20    0.00      7         
enqueue deadlocks     0.00      0.00    0.00    0.00      0         
enqueue requests     25.00     22.47   26.20   16.20    337         
enqueue conversions   0.40      1.33    3.20    0.40     20         
enqueue releases     25.20     21.47   26.00   13.20    322         

      㭮 -10 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR STATUS ENQUEUE.

enqueue         ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
conversions    ORACLE       .

enqueue        ⢮ 㯨 ஢ ᮢ  -
deadlocks      権 DDL.

enqueue         ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
releases       ORACLE       .

                                    -- 19 --



enqueue        襭 ⢮ ⠭    ।  
requests       ஢.

enqueue        쪮 ࠧ ⠭  । 믮  -
timeouts       .

enqueue         ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
waits          ORACLE       .

 㭪 -11  -12 ਢ  ਬ  ࠭    
               MONITOR STATISTICS CACHE.
Ŀ
                   ORACLE Statistics Monitor  Tue Nov  1  16:41:14  
    ORACLE PID: 0 Session #: 0  User Name: SYSTEM STATISTICS        
Statistic Name         CUR      AVG     MAX     MIN     TOT         
--------------        ----- -------- ------- ------- ------         
db block gets         40.70    20.46   44.18    0.00   3969         
consistent gets       25.90    12.74   28.40    0.00   2472         
phisical reads         6.60     3.60    7.90    0.00    699         
phisical writes        9.90     4.39    9.90    0.00    852         
db block changes      42.90    21.35   46.10    0.00   4141         
change write time      0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00      0         
cinsistent changes     2.40     1.05    2.60    0.00    204         
write complete waits   0.90     0.38    1.45    0.00     73         
write wait time        0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00      0         
buffer busy waits      0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00      0         
busy wait time         0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00      0         
redo synch writes      3.10     1.53    3.50    0.00    296         
redo synch time        0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00      0         
DBWR exchange waits    0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00      0         
exchange deadlocks     0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00      0         
free buffer requests  15.30     7.85   17.80    0.00   1523         
free buffer scans     15.30     7.85   17.80    0.00   1523         
free buffer inspects  60.00    29.74   71.20    0.00   5769         
free buffer waits      5.50     2.67    6.60    0.00      0         
free wait time         0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00                

        㭮 -11 ਬ MONITOR STATISTICS CACHE (. 1).

busy wait       ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
time           ORACLE       .

buffer busy    ⢮ 砥,   짮⥫ 訢
                 ०, ⫨筮  ⥪饣. 讥 -
               祭   ७樨  ஢ .

change write    ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
time           ORACLE       .

consistent     ᫮ 䨪権  ୠ  ᯥ祭 ᮣ-
changes        ᮢ ⥭.

consistent     ⢮ ᪨  権  ⥭    ०
gets           ⨢稢 ⥭.  㬬  ⮣ ᫠  db
               block gets ࠢ  ᪨ ⥭.

db block       ᫮ ᪨    ⥪饬    
changes        .

                                    -- 20 --



db block       ⢮  ᮢ  ⥪  . 㬬
               ⮣ ᫠  consistent gets ࠢ  -
               ᪨ ⥭.

dbwr exchange  ᯮ  ⮫쪮  ࠡ ᪮쪨 -
waits          ஢. 뢠 ⢮    
               ࠬ.   ⮫쪮   DBWR.

exchange       뢠 ᪮쪮  ࠧ  㦨 ⥭-
deadlocks       㯨     ஢,
                맢 ७,  ⠭ 訡. -
                믮 ⮫쪮      権.
               ᫨ 祭  ⮣  ࠬ , 㢥
               祭 GC_DB_LOCKS  DB_BLOCK_BUFFERS.

free buffer    뢠 ⢮ ய饭 ஢   
inspected      ᪠ ᢮.  ᮪  祭 ⮣ -
                ⥭樠쭮 㪠뢠  ,   짮-
               ⥫᪨   믮 ᫨誮  ࠡ
                DBWR  ࠢ.  ⮡ ᭨ ᮪ -
               祭 ⮣ ࠬ,  㢥  䠩 INIT.ORA
               ࠬ DB_BLOCK_MAX_CLEAN_PCT       㬥
               DB_BLOCK_MAX_SCAN_PCT.

free buffer    室 ⢮ ᢮ ஢.
requested

free buffer    뢠,  ᪮쪮 ࠧ ᪠஢  ᯨ᮪  LRU
scans           ᪠ ᢮ .

free buffer    쪮  ࠧ    ॡ ᢮ 
waits          (⮡    ᪠   ᮧ  
                ᮣᮢ ⥭),      㯥.

free wait time  ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
               ORACLE       .

phisical reads ⢮ 饭    ⥭  -
                 .

phisical       ⢮ 饭    ,  믮-
writes          DBWR.      -짮⥫᪨   ⥬
               ᥣ ࠢ  (஬  DBWR).

redo synch      ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
time           ORACLE       .

redo synch ⢮ ࠧ,  ୠ ୮ 믮 
writes         ᠭ   (筮   ࠭樨).

write complete 뢠 ᪮쪮 ࠧ   ᢮
waits          DBWR     ⥪饣  । 믮
               .

write wait      ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
time           ORACLE       .



                                    -- 21 --



Ŀ
                   ORACLE Statistics Monitor  Tue Nov  1  16:42:05  
    ORACLE PID: 0 Session #: 0  User Name: SYSTEM STATISTICS        
Statistic Name         CUR      AVG     MAX     MIN     TOT         
--------------        ----- -------- ------- ------- ------         
...continued (page 2)                                               
dbwr timeout           0.00     0.16    0.40    0.00     39         
dbwr free needed       0.50     0.40    1.00    0.00     99         
dbwr free low          0.00     0.02    0.30    0.00      5         
dbwr buffers scanned   0.50     5.20   10.91    1.20   1274         
dbwr checkpoints       0.40     0.08    0.40    0.00     19         
consistent forceouts   0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00      0         

      㭮 -12 ਬ MONITOR STATISTICS CACHE (. 2).


consistent      ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
forceouts      ORACLE       .

dbwr buffers   ⢮ ஢ , ஢ ᮬ
scanned        DBWR.

dbwr check-    ⢮ ஫ 祪, 믮 DBWR
points

dbwr free low  뢠, ᪮쪮 ࠧ DBWR  㢥 ⠪ 
               짮⥫᪨   ஢ਫ  ᪥ ᢮-
                 ⢮ ஢, ࠢ DB_BLOCK
               _MAX_MOD_PCT.

dbwr free      뢠, ᪮쪮 ࠧ 㢥 DBWR - -
needed         ,  짮⥫᪨   襫  ᢮-
                ஢.

dbwr timeouts  쪮 ࠧ DBWR ஡㦤  襭 ⠩.
Ŀ
                   ORACLE Statistics Monitor  Tue Nov  1  17:29:54  
    ORACLE PID: 0 Session #: 0  User Name: SYSTEM STATISTICS        
Statistic Name         CUR      AVG     MAX     MIN     TOT         
--------------        ----- -------- ------- ------- --------       
redo entries           4.60    16.12   37.40    1.00      661       
redo size            836.80  2837.66 6515.00  362.00   116344       
redo entries lineari   0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00        0       
redo buffer allocati   0.20     0.34    0.60    0.00       14       
redo small copies      4.20    15.88   37.00    1.80      651       
redo wastage          99.40   401.98  791.00    0.00    16481       
redo writer latching   0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00        0       
redo writes            1.00     2.12    4.20    0.00       87       
redo blocks written    3.40     6.51   15.40    0.00      267       
redo write time        0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00        0       
redo log switch wait   0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00        0       
redo chunk allocatio   0.00     0.07    0.20    0.00        3       
redo log space reque   1.80     1.34    3.40    0.00       55       
redo log space wait    0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00        0       
redo log switch inte   0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00        0       

        㭮 -13 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR STATS REDO.


                                    -- 22 --



redo blocks    饥 ⢮ , ᠭ  䠩 ୠ
written        ୮ 믮.

redo buffer    饥 ⢮ ⮪, 室  -
allocation         ୠ  ୮ -
retries        

redo chunk     쪮  ࠧ ணࠬ   䠩 ୠ -
allocations    ।﫠   ࠧ      䠩      
               .

redo entries   ⢮ ᣥ஢ ⮢ ୠ.

redo entries   ⢮    ⮢,          ࠢ
linearized     REDO_ENTRY_PRBUILD_THRESHOLD. ஥  -
               ⮢ ॡ ⥫  CPU,   㢥-
               稢 ࠫ  짮⥫᪨  ⥬.

redo log space  ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
requests       ORACLE       .

redo log        ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
space wait     ORACLE       .

redo log switch ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
interrupts     ORACLE       .

redo log        ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
switch wait    ORACLE       .

redo size      騩  ࠧ     䠩 ୠ ୮
               믮.

redo small     饥 ⢮ ⮢,   ࠢ LOG
               _SMALL_ENTRY_MAX_SIZE.    
               ⮩ 饫 ।,  ᪫ 室-
                饫 ஢.  ⨪ -
                ⮫쪮  砥 ⨯୮ ⥬.

redo wastage    ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
               ORACLE       .

redo writer     ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
latching time  ORACLE       .

redo writes    饥 ⢮ 権   ୠ  -
                믮.

redo write      ⨪  ᯮ 㦡 ᮯ஢
time           ORACLE       .

      ࠭ MONITOR I/O

 㭪 -14 ਢ ਬ ࠭,  뤠   MONITOR I/O.
 ࠭ 뤠 ଠ   ࠡ    
( 䮭)     業 /뢮 :
    * ᫥ ࢠ (᫥,   Interval)
    *  ६  ᫥ ⥯  ( Cumulative ).

                                    -- 23 --



,   㬬୮ ⮣ࠬ 㬬 業    ࠢ
100,  ⠪  ࠭ ᮥ   ⠪  ᢮  
१.
Ŀ
       ORACLE System I/O Distribution Monitor  Tue Nov 1 17:05:48   
                                                                    
------------Interval-----------    ---------Cumulative----------    
%Logical %Phisical %Logical        %Logical %Phisical %Logical      
 Reads     Reads    Writes          Reads     Reads    Writes       
0    100  0    100 0    100  PID   0    100  0    100 0    100      
--------  -------- -------- -----  --------  -------- --------      
                             2(1)                                   
                             3(1)                                   
                             4(1)                                   
                             5(1)                                   
-         -        -         6(1)  =         =        =             
=         =-       =         7(1)  =         =        =             
=                  =         8(1)  =         =        =             
-         =-       -         9(1)  =         =        =             
=         =-       =        10(1)  =         =        =             
-         -        -        11(1)  =         =        =             
-         -        -        12(1)  =         =        =             
=         =-       =        13(1)  =         =        =             
                            14(1)                                   
--------  -------- --------        --------  -------- --------      
     114        11       90 Totals     3215       261     2200      
    0.90                    Hit Ratio                     0.92      

      㭮 -14 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR I/O.

       ⮬ ࠭ 祭 ⥫  Hit Ratio.   ᫮
뢠,    ᮢ  ⥭ 뫠 㤮⢮७   ,
室  .  稭   ᫥饩 㫥:

    ( cumulative logical reads  -  phisical reads )
    
                cumulative logical reads

ਬ, ᫥騬 ࠧ: (265-15)/265=0.94. 襥  祭 1
  ᫨    祭  ᪠    0.8, ४ 믮
権  ன ந⥫쭮.

      ࠭ MONITOR ROLLBACK SEGMENT

 MONITOR    ᯮ짮  ᬮ ⥪饣 ﭨ
ᥣ⮢ ⪠.  ਬ 뤠饣   ⮬  ࠭   㭪 -15.
Ŀ
               ORACLE Rollback Segment Monitor   Tue Nov 1 17:36:57 
                                                                    
 RS  Rollback    Size    Extents  Archive Write Rate   Header       
 ID  Segment   (bytes)           Xactions (byte/sec) Gets/s Waits/s 
---  --------- --------  ------- -------- ---------- ------  ------ 
  0  SYSTEM      152218        3        7        626     13       0 

      㭮 -15 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR ROLLBACK SEGMENT.

    ᫨   ᪮쪮 ᥣ⮢  ⪠,  祭    ⮫ Gets/sec
   ਬ୮ ࠢ;   ⮬ 砥 ᥣ ᯮ ࠢ୮.

                                    -- 24 --



    ᫨ 祭  ⮫ Extents 筮  ,   ᮧ
⥫  ᥣ⮢ ⪠  㢥祭 ࠧ஢ .

    讥 祭  ⮫ Waits/sec   ७樨  
ᥣ⮢ ⪠.  ⮬ 砥  ⥫쭮 ᬮ   㢥祭
⢠ ᥣ⮢ ⪠.

      ࠭ MONITOR FILE I/O

    ࠭ FILE I/O ᮤন ப   䠩  ,  ன
㬬  ⨢ /뢮    .  ⥭ 믮
ᠬ 짮⥫,    - ᮬ DBWR. ਬ ⠪ ࠭ 
 㭪 -16.

    ᫨   ,     ᬠਢ  ࠭,    ந
 (﫨  㤠﫨 䠩),  室  뤠 ࠭
 祭 ⭮ ࠦ.
Ŀ
                    ORACLE File I/O Monitor  Tue Nov 1  17:03:01    
                                                                    
          Request Rate    Batch size    Responce Time   Total Blocks
File Name Read/s Write/s blks/R blks/W ms/Read ms/Write Read Written
--------- ------ ------- ------ ------ ------- -------- ----- ------
                                                                    
DISK$DEV8:[V6KNLDVE.SHELLY]DATABASE1.ORA                            
           11.40   14.40   1.00   1.00    0.00    0.00  18098  17874

      㭮 -16 ਬ ࠭ MONITOR FILE I/O.

    ᫨ 祭  ⮫ 2  3 -  request  rate  reads   writes
(襭  ଠ  ⥭    ) ᮪   䠩 
᪮,  室 ᬮ    । 䠩  
  ⠡ ࠭  㣨 ᪮.

    祭 ⮫殢 3  5   ⮬, ᪮쪮     
ᥪ㭤. ᫨  祭  ⭮⥫쭮  ᪠,   ᬮ
  ७    ந⥫쭮 ன⢮.

  䨧᪮  ⥭       ⥬ ORACLE ⮫쪮 
᢮ 䠩 ,  ᫥⥫쭮,      ᥡ ଠ  ⨢
/뢮 㣨 䠩, 室  ⮬ ᪥.

祭  ⮫ 6  7  ᬮ 㢨 ⮫쪮  砥,  ࠬ
TIMED_STATISTICS 䠩 INIT.ORA ⠭  TRUE.  稢 祭 
⮣ ࠬ FALSE, ⠪   ᡮ ⮩ ⨪ ॡ 
 室 ந⥫쭮.

        ARCHIVE LOG

祭     ⠭ ⮬᪮ 娢஢ online - 䠩
             ୠ  ୮  믮,   ⠪ - 뤠  䠩
             ୠ.
।뫪     ਢ DBA   易  ⮩  
               ORACLE,  ࠡ饩    ० ARCHIVELOG.

⠪    ARCHIVE LOG [ LIST ]  [ STOP ]
             [ START | n | NEXT | ALL ] ['filespec']


                                    -- 25 --



LIST         ᯮ   ᫥饣:
             *  䠩,  娢஢
             * ⥪饣 ᫥⥫쭮  䠩 ୠ
             * ⥪騥 祭 娢 (㪠뢠  - ⥫묨
             ,  ࠬ஬ 䠩 INIT.ORA ARCHIVE_LOG_DEST).  ᫨
              ࠡ⠥  ० ARCHIVELOG   ᯮ ⮬᪮
             娢஢, 뤠 㤥 룫拉 ᫥騬 ࠧ:

             Database log mode            ARCHIVELOG
             (० ࠡ ୠ)
             Automatic archival           ENABLED
             (⮬᪠ 娢)   (祭)
             Archive destination          DISK$DEV9:[ORACEV]ARCH
             ( 祭 娢)
             Oldest online log sequence   30
             (३訩  䠩 ୠ)
             Next log sequence to archive 33
             (᫥騩   娢஢)
             Current log sequence number  33
             (⥪騩 ᫥⥫  䠩)

                ᫥⥫    ⥪饣 䠩  ᫥騩 
              娢஢ , ⮬᪠ 娢 㤥
             믮   ஢ 䠩,  ⥪騩.  ᫨ 
             ᯮ ० ARCHIVELOG,   ⪫稫 ⮬᪮
             娢஢,  ᫥   ப  룫拉 ⠪:

             Oldest online log sequence   30
             Next log sequence to archive 30
             Current log sequence number  33

             ᫨  ᯮ ० NOARCHIVELOG, ப "Next log sequence
             ..." 㤥 .
              LGWR  ࠧ  ४祭    ।
             䠩 㢥稢 ᫥⥫  ୠ  1;
             ⢮ 䠩,   ᯮ,  㪠뢠. 
             ࠧ,  䠩 ୠ 稭  ,   砥
             । .

START        砥 ⮬᪮ 娢஢.   䮭 
             ARCH,      室 믮 ⮬᪮
             娢஢.  ᫨   ARCH   祭 䠩
             娢,  ४뢠 ஥.  ARCH   ⮬᪨ 
              , ᫨  ࠬ ARCHIVE_LOG_START  䠩
             INIT.ORA  祭 TRUE.

STOP         몫砥 ⮬᪮ 娢஢. ᫨   
             ० ARCHIVELOG   䠩 ୠ ,  樨 
              ਮ⠭  襭 娢樨 䠩 ୠ
             (ਬ  -      ARCHIVE LOG START).

n             ᫥⥫  ୠ, 室饣  ﭨ
             online.  뢠     娢஢ 䠩 ୠ 
             ᫥⥫ ஬ "n".  砥, ᫨  䠩 
             室  online    ᫨ 㪠  ࠢ,
              訡.    ᯮ짮    ୮
             娢樨 䠩 ୠ.


                                    -- 26 --



NEXT          娢 ᫥騩 䠩 ୠ, 室騩  online,
                娢஢訩.

ALL           娢  ,     - 娢஢
             䠩 ୠ (online).

filespec     ᯮ  㪠 䠩 祭  娢஢.
             ਬ 祭 䠩  娢     "㪮⢥
             짮⥫  ⠫樨".   樮 ⥬
             ᪮쪮 䠩 ୠ   娢஢   .
               祭 䠩 娢  ᯮ짮   -
             ⢥ 䨪ᮢ   䠩 ୠ.

             ᫨  ଠ  ,  롨ࠥ  ࠬ 䠩
             INIT.ORA ARCHIVE_LOG_DEST. 祭 䠩 INIT.ORA  ६
              ४뢠     ARCHIVE LOG,    ⮣,
             ⮡ ᤥ  祭  㬠稢,   ᯮ짮
               LOG ARCHIVE START archive_dest ⨫ SQL*DBA.

砭    ᫨ 䠩 ୠ ୮ 믮    䠩 
             ୮ ᯮ짮, 樨   ਮ⠭.
               ࠧ, 娢஢ 䠩 ୠ.

ਬ      ARCHIVE LOG START
             ARCHIVE LOG STOP
             ARCHIVE LOG 1001

            CONNECT

祭      ,  ᯮ 㪠  짮⥫.

।뫪  祭 㤥  믮 ᯥ譮,  ᫨  
              짮⥫/஫.  CONNECT INTERNAL  
             ਢ஢ ⥬-  .

⠪   CONNECT [{username [/ password ]} | INTERNAL ] [ @instance-path ]

username      ⢨⥫쭮     짮⥫. ᫨  
                    짮⥫,    INTERNAL, SQL*DBA 
              짮⥫.

password     ஫, ᮮ⢥騩 㪠  짮⥫.  
              ⮩ ப.

INTERNAL     १ 祢 ᫮ INTERNAL ந 祭 
             짮⥫ SYS.   ᯮ짮 ⭮  ⮫쪮
             ஬      楫 믮 
             権  ᮯ஢ .  ॡ ਢ 樮
             ⥬.  (   ଠ樨 ᬮ  2).

instance-path ࠢ쭠   / .  ᫨ 
             ᯥ஢,   ⠭ ⥪騬 - ஬   ६
             ᥠ.  ᫥ - 祭    ⠭
             㬠稢.

砭    ᫨ ᯥ஢ ⮫쪮  짮⥫, SQL*DBA 뤠
             ਣ襭   ஫:  "Password:".   ஫ 
             ⮡ࠦ.   CONNECT  ᯮ짮 

                                    -- 27 --



             祭  㣨  짮⥫  ।⥫쭮
             뤠 DISCONNECT.  祭 ᥣ ᮯ஢ ⨥
             .

ਬ      CONNECT
             *  ਣ襭   ࠢ쭮  짮⥫
                ஫
             * 믮  ᮥ      㬠稢 

             CONNECT scott/tiger

             * 믮  祭       ⥪饩 設 
               짮⥫ SCOTT  ஫ TIGGER

             CONNECT system
             *   ஫  짮⥫ SYSTEM
             * 믮  祭      ⥪饩 設  
               짮⥫ SYSTEM
             * CONNECT INTERNAL
             * 믮 祭     ⥪饩 設 
               INTERNAL ( ॡ  ஫,   ॡ ⥬
               ਢ  뢠饣  짮⥫)

             CONNECT scott/tiger@devvms

             *      㧫 DEVVMS   짮⥫
               SCOTT  ஫ TIGER

                    DISCONNECT

祭   ⪫祭    ORACLE.
।뫪     祭   .
⠪    DISCONNECT
砭     ६ ᮥ SQL*DBA 頥   ன 㬠稢
             設.

ਬ      DISCONNECT


                    EXIT

祭   室  SQL*DBA.
।뫪  .
⠪    EXIT
砭    室  ணࠬ SQL*DBA  ᫮,  ᨬ  ⮣, 
                 믮. ந室    ਣ襭
             樮   ⥬.  뢠 襭 ࠭樨.
ਬ      exit

                    HOST

祭    室  ⨫ SQL*DBA, 믮  樮
             ⥬.
।뫪  .
⠪    HOST [ operating-system-command ]




                                    -- 28 --



砭    筮   ᯮ  뤠 ᯨ᪠ 
              䠩    ।஢ 䠩,  
             ᫥⢨  ᯮ짮 SQL*DBA. ஬ ⮣, 
             樮 ⥬  ন ᯥ樠  ᨬ  
             뤠  ⥬.

             ᫨    HOST,   㪠  樮
             ⥬,  SQL*DBA  ६ 室  । 樮
             ⥬ ।,    믮 ᪮쪮 ;  ⮡
                  ᥠ SQL*DBA,  室 믮
              ⥬ᨬ ⢨.     
             "㪮 짮⥫  ⠫樨".
ਬ      HOST TYPE INIT.ORA


                            MONITOR

祭   뤠  ० ॠ쭮 ६ ଠ   ஢,
             ।,   㣨 ꥪ  . (.  ਬ
             ࠭,  ਢ  ࠭   ⮬ ਫ).

।뫪       祭        짮⥫,
             饣     ⠡栬 ᪮ ந⥫-
             .  ணࠬ  SQL*DBA     ᮮ⢥饬
             CRT - 䠩  뤠 ࠭ ଠ樨.

⠪    MON[ITOR]  [ ROLLBACK | FILEIO | LATCH[ES]
                         [ { IO[S] | LOCK[S] [ ALL ] | PROCESS[ES] |
                              STST[ISTICS] [ CLASS ] | TABLE[S] | USER[S] }
                           [ pid ] [ pid ] ]

             ᠭ   ਬ ࠧ ࠭ 室   ⮬
             ਫ.  ᫨     MONITOR  -
             権,  㢨 .

FILEIO       뤠 ࠦ   ப  䠩  , 뢠
             ⨢  /뢮.

IO           뤠 ⮣ࠬ 業 ᯮ짮 ᪮ 
             䨧᪮  /뢮   ᮬ  ।
             ਮ.  ଠ  ⭮⥫쭮 ।
             /뢮,       権.

LATCHES      뤠  ଠ  ⥪ 饫

LOCKS        뤠 ଠ  ⥪  ORACLE    믮 
               ஢.

PROCESSES    뤠   ப ଠ樨   , 祭
               .

ROLLBACK     뤠 ଠ, 易  ࠧࠬ, ᮬ  ⨢
             ⭮⥫쭮  ⨢ ᥣ⮢ ⪠;   ப 
              ᥣ.

STATISTICS   뤠 ⨪,  易  ᯮ짮   . 
             ⨪ ᠭ ࠭  ⮬ ਫ.


                                    -- 29 --



TABLES       뤠  ⠡,  易   㥬묨   饥
             ६ SQL - ࠬ;   ⠡栬 뤠 ᫮
             饭  ⥭  ,  ⠪ 䨪   
                 짮⥫ ORACLE, 饣  ⠡.

USERS        뤠 ࠭ ଠ樨   ⨢  .  
               ଠ   ⤥쭮    
             ᮢ.  ଠ  䮭    
             짮⥫᪨ .

砭       権    㪠뢠 㠫
              ᮢ,  㬮砭  । 뤠 ଠ 
             ᥬ  ᠬ.      뤠     ࠭
             㬬୮ ଠ樨  ᥬ ᠬ 室 㪠 PID 0.
              室   । ⨭ ᯮ 堭
             뢠 襩 樮 ⥬.  ⮬ 砥  ୥
              ਣ襭 SQL*DBA    ⨫.
ਬ      MONITOR LATCH
             MONITOR LOCK 10 20
             MONITOR LOCK ALL
             MONITOR PROCESS 11

                    RECOVER

祭   ⠭ (⪠ ।)    ᪮쪨 ⠡
             ࠭,  ⠪ - ᥩ  .

।뫪     祭   ORACLE  ਢﬨ DBA.
             ।뫪 ⭮⥫쭮 ࠧ 権 ⠭
             ᬮ  砭  ⮬ ࠧ.

⠪    RECOVER { DATABASE |
              TABLESPACE tablespace-name  [,tablespace-name  ] ...]

tablespace-name    ᪮쪨 ⠡ ࠭  ⥪饩 
             .   ஬     ⠭  16 ⠡
             ࠭.

砭     ⮣ ⮡ 믮 ⠭ ⥫   
             ( ⠡ ࠭⢠),    ஢ 
             ᪫⥫쭮 ०  .

              ⠭ ⥫  ⠡筮 ࠭⢠ 
                ஢  ,  ⠡筮 ࠭⢮
             -  室  offline.

             । ᯮ짮   RESTORE   믮
             ⠭   ࠧ襭 䠩   襩
              .  ,       ᥬ
             娢஢    ⨢ 䠩 ୠ  ୮ 믮,
             믮 ᫥  ஢.

                 ⠭ ॡ । 娢
             䠩,  ⨫ 뤠  ਣ襭     䠩, 
             ᮮ⢥ ᫥⥫쭮  䠩 ୠ.   
             室 ⢥  ᪠, 㤠  㦥    ⠭
             ᮮ⢥騩 䠩  ᯥ䨪樥 .   ࠧ, 
              ⠭ ।⢥  .

                                    -- 30 --



             ᫥ 砭  ⠭  뤠  襭.  
             ४饭 ⠭ ⥫ 室  ⢥  
              䠩  "CACEL".

              筮 ⠭   । 窥 ६; 
             뢠  "online" - 䠩   RECOVERY.DOC.  ⮬ 䠩
             뢠 ⠪    樨   RECOVER,    
             ᯮ짮   .

ਬ      RECOVER DATABASE
             RECOVER TABLESPACE TS_ONE, TS_TWO

                            REMARK

祭    ਩ (筮 -  SQL - 䠩).
।뫪  .
⠪    REM[ARK]
砭     ᭮  -    ⭮ ᯮ짮 SQL*DBA.
             ਨ   SQL*DBA, ⠪  ORACLE.
             REM   묨 ᨬ  ப.

ਬ      騥 ப-ࠢ ਩, ⠢  SQL- 䠩.

             REM   This command file is used to create a
             REM   database. Edit it to fill in file names
             REM   and sizes, and invoke it from SQLDBA
             REM
             REM
             CREATE DATABASE dbname ...


                    SET

祭   ⠭   ࠪ⨪ ⥪饣  ᥠ SQL*DBA.
।뫪  .
⠪    SET  { INSTANCE [ instance-name ] |
                    ECHO [ ON | OFF ] |
                    TERMOUT [ ON | OFF ] |
                    TIMING [ ON | OFF ] |
                    STOPONERROR [ ON | OFF ] |
                    NUMWIDTH [n] |
                    CHARWIDTH [n] |
                    LONGWIDTH [n] |
                    DATEWIDTH [n] |
                    MAXDATA [n] |
                    ARRAYSIZE [n] |
                    CYCLE seconds }

INSTANCE      ⥪騩                  㪠
instance-    (instance-name).   砥  ⮬   -
  name       . 訡, ᫨ 㦥  祭  .  ᯮ짮
               ,  ⠭  ਭ 㤠   (
             ᫥騬    STARTUP, SHUTDOUN  MONITOR).

              , ।騥  SET INSTANCE  ࠡ
              㬠稢 ஬ ORACLE.



                                    -- 31 --



                ᭮   室 뤠  SET
             INSTANCE  㪠  ,  SET INSTANCE  LOCAL.
             ᫨     :   SET INSTANCE DEFAULT, SQL*DBA  㤥 ᪠
                'DEFAULT'.

ECHO         ON     蠥 ஢  ࠭ , 믮-
                    塞   䠩.
             OFF     ࠧ蠥 ⠪ ⮡ࠦ ( 㬮砭)

TERMOUT      ON     蠥 뢮  ନ १⮢ ࠡ-
                     SQL - ஢ ( 㬮砭).
             OFF    ⬥ 뢮  ନ.    ।饭
                    뢮  ନ  㫫 ଠ樨  䠩.
                    ,    㤥 뤠 SET TERMOUT ON,  
                    ࠭  祣 뤠  㤥.

TIMING       ON     뤠 ६ ࠧ, 믮  롮ન  
                    믮 SQL -  (୮  饥).
             OFF     뤠 ⠪ ଠ樨 ( 㬮砭).

STOPONERROR  ON     뢠  ,   ᫨  믮 
                    䠩  訡,  믮 㤥 ४饭.
             OFF    ⪫砥 ० STOPONERROR.

NUMWIDTH [n] ⠭ ⢮ 뤠 権   ⨯
             NUMBER.  ᫨ 祭 "n"  㪠뢠, ।
             㬠稢 ࠧ.  㬮砭 뤠 10 権.

CHARWIDTH[n] ⠭ ⢮ 뤠 権   ⨯ CHAR.
             ᫨ 祭 "n"  㪠뢠, । 㬠稢
             ࠧ.  㬮砭 뤠 80 権.

LONGWIDTH[n] ⠭ ⢮ 뤠 権   ⨯ LONG.
             ᫨ 祭 "n"  㪠뢠, । 㬠稢
             ࠧ.  㬮砭 뤠 80 権.

DATEWIDTH[n] ⠭ ⢮ 뤠 権   ⨯ DATE.
             ᫨ 祭 "n"  㪠뢠, । 㬠稢
             ࠧ.  㬮砭 뤠 9 権.

MAXDATA [n] ⠭ ᨬ ࠧ  .  뢠 ᨬ쭮
             ⢮ ,   ࠭   SELECT. 
             㬮砭 4096 ⮢ (4).  ᨬ쭮 ⢮ ( VMS) 64k.

ARRAYSIZE[n] ⠭  ⢮ ப,  롨ࠥ   
             ६.   㬮砭 - 10 ப. ᨬ쭮 祭
             ( VMS) 100 ப.

CYCLE seconds  ⠭   ᥪ㭤 ਮ 横   MONITOR.
             쭮 祭 1 ᥪ㭤, ᨬ쭮 - 3600 ᥪ㭤.  
             ଠ쭮 ࠡ ।⥫ ਮ 横   - 5
             ᥪ㭤.

ਬ      SET INSTANCE DEVVMS
             SET TIMING ON
             SET CYCLE 10
             SET LONGWIDTH 132
             SET NUMWIDTH 20

                                    -- 32 --



             SET CHARWIDTH 5
 ᫥      :  ⨫  ࠡ 
             ࠧ㬥 .
             SET INSTANSE
             SET INSTANCE LOCAL

                    SHOW

祭    騥  饥 ६ ⠭.
।뫪  .
⠪    SHOW  { ALL |
                     PARAMETERS [string] |
                     INSTANCE |
                     TIMING |
                     CYCLE |
                     CHARWIDTH |
                     LONGWIDTH |
                     DATEWIDTH |
                     NUMWIDTH |
                     TERMOUT |
                     SGA |
                     SPOOL |
                     ECHO }

PARAMETERS     ᯮ  ᬮ ⥪ 祭  
              ᪮쪨 ࠬ஢ 䠩 INIT.   ᬮ ᯨ᪠
             ࠬ஢ INIT.ORA   㪠   ⢥ 㬥
             "string". ਬ,   :

     SHOW PARAMETERS COUNT
              㢨 ᫥騩 १:
                 NAME                          TYPE         VALUE
                 --------------------------    -----------  -----
                 CPU_COUNT                     integer      0
                 DB_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT      integer      8

砭    設⢮     祭     SET
             ⨫ SQL*DBA. ᪫祭 ⠢:
             * SHOW SPOOL,  ⠭  SPOOL
             * SHOW SGA,  頥 ࠧ SGA
             * SHOW PARAMETERS,    ᯨ᮪  ࠬ஢ 䠩
               INIT.ORA    ⥪騬 祭ﬨ.
         ᫨   ᯮ짮  SET INSTANCE,  SHOW INSTANCE
          祭 "local".
ਬ      SHOW TIMING
         :
             Parse           2.94  (Elapsed)   0.20  (CPU)
             Execute/Fetch  13.17  (Elapsed)   2.78  (CPU)
             Total          16.11              2.98

             SHOW ALL
                        , 宦  ᫥騩:
             Instance                      local
             Spool                         OFF
             Timing                        OFF
             Termout                       ON
             Echo                          OFF
             Stoponerror                   OFF

                                    -- 33 --



             cycle                         5
             Maxdata                       4096
             Arraysize                     5
             Numwidth                      10
             Charwidth                     80
             Longwidth                     80
             Datewidth                     9

             SHOW SGA          , 宦  ᫥騩:

             Tolal Shared Global Area                 801280 bytes
                                                       13896 bytes
             Variable Size                            369592 bytes
             Database Buffers                         409600 bytes
             Redo Buffers                               8192 bytes

                    SHUTDOWN

祭   ⠭ ⥪騩   ORACLE,    ࠧ஢
               ( 易⥫쭮).

।뫪  ਢ஢ .  室  祭  
             .

⠪    SHUTDOWN [ NORMAL | IMMEDIATE | ABORT ]

NORMAL       ਭ   㬮砭.    ᮥ   ⥪
             짮⥫,  頥  祭 㣨 짮⥫;
             뢠  ࠧ  .  砭 - ⠭
             .   ६ ᫥饣      ॡ
             ⠭ .

IMMEDIATE       襭  ⥪  맮,  頥 쭥襥
             祭, 뢠  ࠧ .  砭 -
             ⠭    ORACLE.     ᮥ
             ⥪ 짮⥫.   ६ ᫥饣     ॡ
             ⠭ .

ABORT          ᯮᮡ ⠭.   襭 ⥪
             맮   ᮥ 짮⥫.   뢠  
             ࠧ  ,   ⠪ -  ⠭ .
              ६ ᫥饣  ॡ  ⠭ .
               ⠭ 室 ᯮ짮  ਩  -
             襭 䮭 .

砭    뤠   SHUTDOWN  㬥⮢ ⭠ 
             SHUTDOWN NORMAL.
ਬ      SQLDBA>  SHUTDOWN

             Database closed.           (  )
             Database dismounted.       (  ࠧ஢)
             ORACLE instance shut doun. ( ORACLE  ⠭).

                            SPOOL

祭   襭  饭 㫨  㪠 䠩.
।뫪  .
⠪    SPOOL  [ filename | OFF ]

                                    -- 34 --



filename      ࠢ쭮  䠩.  ᫨ ७  㪠,
             । .LOG.  ᫨ 䠩  ⠪  㦥 ,
             뤠 ᮮ饭  訡.

OFF          뢠 ࠭  䠩  㫨.

砭     㬮砭  䠩  㫨 SQLDBA.LOG. ⮡ ।,
             㤠       ந 㫫, ᯮ
              SHOW SPOOL.

ਬ      SPOOL DIMMICK       ᮧ 䠩   DIMMICK.LOG.


                    STARTUP

祭      ORACLE  ਬ ࠧ 権 
             ஢  ⨥  .

।뫪 ਢ஢ . 室  祭  
             .

⠪    STARTUP   [ option [ option ... ] ]
         option ਭ 祭:
             [ DBA ]
             [ FORCE ]
             [ PFILE filespec ]
             [ EXCLUSIVE | SHARED ]
             [ { MOUNT | OPEN } databasename ]
             [ NOMOUNT ]

DBA          頥 㪠         짮⥫ ORACLE 
             ਢ DBA.

FORCE        ⠭ ⥪騩   ORACLE (᫨  -
             ⠥)  樥 ABORT ।    ⮬.
             ᫨ ⥪騩  ࠡ⠥,     믮-
               樨 FORCE,   ᮮ饭   訡.
             FORCE ᯮ    ⫠   -
/T=               .

PFILE filespec  ᯮ    㪠  䠩 ࠬ஢  . ᫨
             filespec  㪠,  ᯮ 䠩 INIT.ORA.

EXCLUSIVE    ਬ  㬮砭.  砥,      
             ஢    ஬, ஬  ⥪饣 ( 
              ࠫ쭮  ᪮쪨 ࠬ).  ᮢ⨬
              - ﬨ SHARED  NOMOUNT.

SHARED       ᯮ, ᫨        ᪮쪨
             ࠬ ORACLE ࠫ쭮.  ᮢ⨬  EXCLUSIVE 
             NOMOUNT.  訡筠, ᫨ ࠬ SINGLE_PROCESS 䠩 INIT.ORS
             ⠭  TRUE.

MOUNT          ,   뢠 .

OPEN           뢠 㪠  .



                                    -- 35 --



databasename    . ᫨    㪠, 
               ࠬ DB_NAME ⥪饣 䠩 INIT.ORA.

NOMOUNT      뢠,        
             ஢.  ᮢ⨬  ࠬࠬ EXCLUSIVE, MOUNT, OPEN.

砭          㪠 ,   樨
              ᪫騬.  ᯮ㥬  㬥⮢, 
             STARTUP 㤥 ⮢ ⥪騩   (ᯮ
             ࠧ㬥   ),  ⠪ ஢  뢠
              .     㤠  室 砫
             뤠   SET INSTANCE,    ⥬ -  STARTUP.

ਬ      STARTUP
             STARTUP OPEN databasename EXCLUSIVE

                   *   
                   * ᪠ 
                   * ᯮ ⠭ 䠩 INIT.ORA
                   *  ࠧ㬥   ᪫⥫쭮 ०
                   *   뢠

             STARTUP SHARED
             STARTUP OPEN databasename SHARED

                   *   
                   * ᪠ 
                   * ᯮ ⠭ 䠩 INIT.ORA
                   *  ࠧ㬥   ० ࠧ
                   *   뢠

             STARTUP FORCE NOMOUNT DBA
                   *   ।, ࠡ騩    
                     뢠, ᯮ SHUTDOWN ABORT.
                   * ᪠ 
                   *     ,   
                      뢠 (   䠩 INIT.ORA ).
                     । ० EXCLUSIVE.
                   * 祭 ࠧ襭 ⮫쪮 DBA

             STARTUP PFILE=TESTPARM NOMOUNT
                   *    ᯮ짮 ࠬ஢  䠩
                     TESTPARM
                   *    
                   * ।,   ᯮ ० EXCLUSIVE  
                       䠩 TESTPARM.

           STARTUP OPEN databasename PFILE MYINIT.ORA FORCE SHARED DBA
                   *   ।, ࠡ騩    
                     뢠, ᯮ SHUTDOWN ABORT.
                   *  
                   *  ࠧ塞 ०   ,
                       䠩 MYINIT.ORA
                   * 뢠  
                   * 祭 ࠧ襭 ⮫쪮 DBA

             STARTUP PFILE vendors
                   *  INIT.ORA ᯮ 䠩 vendors

                                    -- 36 --



             STARTUP EXCLUSIVE NOMOUNT
                   * , ⠪  ࠬ EXCLUSIVE  NOMOUNT
                      ᪫騬.

             ⮡ ⮢ ,  ஢,   뢠 
             , 室 ᯮ짮 ᫥饩 ᫥⥫쭮
               ( ⠪  ⢥ ⥬):

             SQLDBA> STARTUP NOMOUNT
             ORACLE instance started.

             SQLDBA> CONNECT INTERNAL
             Connected.

             SQLDBA> ALTER DATABASE MOUNT;
             Statement processed

              ⮬      믮   ᮯ஢,
             ⥬ -   ,     ᫥ :

             SQLDBA> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
             Statement processed

             SQLDBA> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;
             Statement processed.

                        SQL*DBA

 ⮬ ਫ  ᯨ᮪ ᮮ饭  訡,   
 ᯮ짮 ⨫  SQL*DBA.  ஬  ⮣,   㪠뢠 
稭    ⢨   ࠡ⪥.

 뢠  訡  䨪 DBA,       ਭ-
 ⨫ SQL*DBA,  ⠪ LCC, 㪠뢠騥  訡   ப.
訡 㣨  ணࠬ  த⮢ ORACLE 㬥   㣨 .
᭮ 㬥 ⮣ ⨯ - "ORACLE.    ᮮ饭  訡", 
ᮮ饭 㣨 ணࠬ  த⮢  ᮤঠ  ᮮ⢥
㪮⢠.

                訡  䨪ᮬ DBA
뢠  訡 뤠 ⨫⮩ SQL*DBA  । 䨪ᮬ DBA.

300 internal error code, argument:[num] (७  訡, 㬥:)
   稭:  ⨫ ७ 訡.
  ⢨:     㦡  প  ࠧࠡ⪨ ORACLE Corporation,
              ᮮ饭  訡-   ᠭ
           ।饩 樨.

301 cannot SET INSTANCE while connected to a database
      ( 믮 SET INSTANCE   祭   )
  稭:  ⠥ 믮   SET  INSTANCE    
           ६  ⠥ 祭   .
  ⢨: ᫨   ᬥ  ⥪騩  ,  ᯥࢠ 믮
              DISCONNECT,     ⥬  㦥  SET INSTANCE.





                                    -- 37 --



302 not connected to a database ( 祭   )
   稭:  믮 ॡ㥬 ⢨      
            祭   .
  ⢨: । ୮ ⪮ 믮 ॡ㥬  -
           樨 믮  CONNECT.

303 cannot initialize the terminal (樠 ନ )
   稭:  .CRT 宩     .  .CRT ॡ
            SQL*DBA    뤠  ࠭     MONITOR.
  ⢨:  ࠢ 䠩 .CRT 㯭 SQL*DBA.

304 input file I/O error[nnn] - input aborted
                      (訡 / 室 䠩[nnn] - 室 ⢥࣭)
  稭:   䠩,  ᯮ㥬     室   ⨫
           SQL*DBA ࠢ  ᯮ祭.
  ⢨: । ୮ ⪮ 믮 ஢  䠩.

305 command size exceeds internal buffer size (num)
                      (ࠧ  ॢ蠥 ࠧ ७ )
  稭:  SQL -   ॢ蠥  㯭  ࠧ
           ७  SQL*DBA.
  ⢨:  SQL - ,  ࠢ 譨 ஡ 
           ᯮ ஬   .

306 minitor cycle interval time out of range(1-num)
                     (ࢠ ६  monitor 室  ࠭)
   稭:     ࠢ ࠧ ࢠ   monitor.
  ⢨:  ᫮  ᥪ㭤   1-3600.

307 cannot open spool file  text (   - 䠩 text)
   稭: SQL*DBA ⠫  䠩 㫫  ᫥ ⮣,    뤠
            SPOOL.   稭 - 筮 㯭  
           ᪥      ᮧ 䠩 ਢ.
  ⢨: ।,  祬 SQL*DBA      䠩  ⥬
            .

308 no spool file opened ( ⮣  - 䠩)
   稭:  뤠  SPOOL OFF,   ६  㫫  
                ᯮ  ⮣ 䠩 .
  ⢨: ᫨   ࠭ १ ࠡ   - 䠩, ᯥࢠ
           ன  ,  믮  室 ࠡ     ⮬
           뢠,  ᯮ   SPOOL OFF.

309 cannot close spool file text (   - 䠩 text)
   稭:   SPOOL  OFF     ⥪騩  䠩.
  ⢨: ஢ ⭮⥫쭮 樮 ⥬, 祬   
            䠩.

310 cannot open parameter file text (  䠩 ࠬ஢)
   稭: SQL*DBA       䠩,  㪠   樨
           PFILE.   ⮣ 䠩  ,  DBA  
            ਢ   .
  ⢨: ஢,    㪠 䠩   ,
               SQL*DBA    .

311 data size exceeds buffer size - data truncated
                      (ࠧ  ॢ蠥  -  㪮祭)
  稭: ,     SQL - ,  ॢ蠥

                                    -- 38 --



           ७  SQL*DBA.
  ⢨:     SET  㢥 MAXDATA,  㬥
           ARRAYSIZE.

312 invalid pid range num num (ࠢ  䨪஢ ᮢ)
  稭:   ࠢ .    ᯥࢠ 
           㪠뢠 訩  . ᫨ 祭  砥
            騩    ,   㤥
           ਭ.
  ⢨: ,  ࠢ , ਬ:

           MONITOR PROCESSES 5 10..

313 no active processes to monitor ( ⨢ ᮢ  ਭ)
   稭:  㪠 䨪樮  ᮢ,   
            ᮮ⢥騥 ⨢  饥 ६ ᠬ.
  ⢨:  ,  㪠 䨪樮 
           ᮢ,   騩  ⨢.

315 cannot open command file text (   䠩 text)
   稭: SQL*DBA    㪠  䠩.
  ⢨: । ୮ ⪮  ஢  稥  ⮣ 䠩 
              㯠 ⨫ SQL*DBA.

316 cannot startup while connected to a database
         ( 믮 startup,    祭     )
  稭:  ⠥ ⮢ , ⠢ -
           祭   .
  ⢨: ᫨   ⮢ ,  ।-
           ⥫쭮 ᮥ  ⥪饩  (DISCONNECT).

317 cannot shutdown while connected to database
  ( 믮 shutdown,   祭    
           )

  稭:  ⠥ ⠭ , ⠢ -
           祭   .
  ⢨: ᫨   ⠭ ,  ।-
           ⥫쭮 ᮥ  ⥪饩  (DISCONNECT).

318 SQL*DBA command line error [num] (訡   ப SQL*DBA)
   稭:  ᤥ ᨭ⠪ 訡 ( 訡  -
             ப)  ६   ப SQL*DBA.
  ⢨: ஢ ᨭ⠪  ஡  ࠧ.

320 terminal type name too long ( ⨯ ନ ᫨誮 )
   稭:  ᯥ஢  ନ, ஥ .  ࠢ,
            ⠪   ,    ᫨誮  ( 64 ᨬ).
  ⢨: ஢  㦭 ନ  ஡  ࠧ

321 instance name too long (᫨誮   )
    稭:  ᯥ஢  , ஥   
           ࠢ, ⠪  ,   ᫨誮  ( 64 ᨬ).
   ⢨: ஢  㦭   ஡  ࠧ





                                    -- 39 --



322 total size of command line parameters exceeds buffer size
              (   ப ॢ蠥 ࠧ )
  稭:   ᫨誮  㬥⮢   ப   SQL*DBA
           ९.
  ⢨:  ᫮ 㬥⮢  ப.

324 maximum number of tablespaces (nnn) exceeded -  last  num ignored
           (ᨬ쭮 ⢮ ⠡ ࠭ (nnn) ௠
           - ᫥ num )
  稭:   RECOVER TABLESPACE  㪠 ᫨誮  ⠡
           ࠭.   ᯥ஢   16 ⠡
           ࠭.
  ⢨:  ᫮ ⠡ ࠭.  ᫨   ⠭
             16  ࠭,  믮  ᪮쪨 .

325 pfile too large (pfile ᫨誮 )
   稭:   䠩 ᫨誮  ( 8 ).
  ⢨:  ⢮ ࠬ஢  䠩, ० 祬 ᯥ஢
             ⢥ pfile.

328 Insufficient privilege for this display
                      (筮 ਢ  ⮣ ࠭)
  稭:   ⠫  뤠 ࠭  MONITOR    
            ਢ.
  ⢨: 令  DBA  祭 ॡ㥬 ਢ.

329 Insufficient privilege for SHOW SGA
                      (筮 ਢ   SHOW SGA)
  稭:  ⠫ 믮  SHOW SGA,   
             ਢ.
  ⢨: 令  DBA  祭 ॡ㥬 ਢ.

331 cannot allocate enough memory for SQL Buffer
              ( । 筮    SQL)
  稭:  ⥪饬  SQL  筮 .
  ⢨: ᯮ  SET  㬥襭 祭 MAXDATA.

333 db file(s) added after MONITOR FILEIO invoked
                     (᫥ 뤠  MONITOR FILEIO  䠩 )
  稭:   뤠  MONITOR FILEIO    뫨  
           䠩,  ᤥ ⢨⥫ 뤠  ଠ.
  ⢨: 뤠  MONITOR FILEIO .

334 db file(s) dropped after MONITOR FILEIO invoked
                      (᫥ 뤠  MONITOR FILEIO 㤠 䠩 )
  稭:   뤠  MONITOR FILEIO    뫨 㤠 
           䠩,  ᤥ ⢨⥫ -   ଠ.
  ⢨: 뤠  MONITOR FILEIO .

336 insufficient privilege for SHOW PARAMETERS
                      ( ਢ  SHOW PARAMETERS)
   稭:  ⠫ 믮  SHOW  PARAMETERS, 
                ਢ.
  ⢨: 令  DBA  祭 ॡ㥬 ਢ.

                訡  䨪ᮬ LCC



                                    -- 40 --



騥 訡        . 
  䨪 LCC:

100 internal error, argument num (७ 訡, 㬥:)
   稭:  ⨫ ७ 訡.
  ⢨:     㦡  প  ࠧࠡ⪨ ORACLE Corporation,
              ᮮ饭  訡  ᠭ ।饩
           樨.

111 value not in legal range text
                      (祭    ⨬  text)
  稭: 祭 ࠬ 諮  ࠭ ⨬ .
  ⢨: ஢     ࠢ  祭.

112 illegal integer radix spacification text
                            ( ᨬ ᭮ ⥬ ᫥)
   稭:
  ⢨: ⢨⥫ 祭 ᨬ - 'd', 'h', 'D', 'H'

113 integer conversion error or negative integer text
                 (訡  ८ࠧ 楫 ᥫ  ⥫쭮 楫)
   稭: 楫  ⥫쭮 ᫮ 祭  ⢥ 楫
            ࠬ.
  ⢨:    ࠢ 楫 祭.

114 illegal boolean response text (ࠢ  ⢥)
    稭:   祭, ⫨筮  TRUE  FALSE.
   ⢨:  ࠢ쭮  筮  祭  (FALSE   TRUE).

122 unrecognized keyword text (ᯮ 祢 ᫮ text)
    稭: ॥ ᥣ,  ⨫ 訡   祢 ᫮.
   ⢨:  ப .

201 could not open specified filename text
                             (  䠩  㪠  text)
   稭: ஢ 䠩  .
  ⢨: ஢  䠩  ᮧ 䠩  㪠뢠  ।
            ⥬,   .

203 missing keyword text ( 祢 ᫮ text)
    稭:  祢 ᫮  .
   ⢨:  祢 ᫮  १  ࠢ⢠ - 祭 ࠬ.

204 left parentheses and no parameter specified text
                                    ( ᪮   㪠 ࠬ text)
  稭: ᮪ ࠬ஢  ,  ࠬ   㪠.
  ⢨:  ᮮ⢥騩 ᯨ᮪ 祭  ன ᪮.

205 unbalanced parentheses text (ᡠ஢ ᪮)
    稭: 㦥 ⭮ ⢮ ᪮,  饥 
              ⢨  稨 譨.
   ⢨: ७ , 㪠 ࠢ쭮 ⢮ ᪮.

206 positional parameter entered after keyword text
                      (樮 ࠬ  ᫥ 祢 ᫮ text)
  稭:   ࠢ⢠.
  ⢨:  ࠬ , ᯮ짮  ࠢ⢠  
           ࠬ   祭.

                                    -- 41 --



207 nested parentheses encountered text (⨫  ᪮ text)
    稭: 襭 ⮫쪮   㣫 ᪮.
   ⢨:  , 㤠  ᪮.

208 unexpected keyword in value list text
                      ( 祢 ᫮  ᯨ᪥ 祭 text)
  稭:  祭 㦥 祢 ᫮.
  ⢨: ⠢ ᮮ⢥饥 祢 ᫮ 祭.

209 missing value for keyword at end of string text
                     (  ப  祭  祢 ᫮)
  稭: 祢 ᫮ 㪠  ᮮ⢥饣 祭.
  ⢨:   ࠢ쭮 祭 ᫥  祢 ᫮.

210 illegal assignment operator text (ࠢ쭮 祭  text)

  稭:   㪠  祭 ࠬ  㪠 ᨬ,
           ⫨   ࠢ⢠.
  ⢨: ,  ᫥  ࠬ  ࠢ⢠.

211 unexpected delimiter text ( ࠧ⥫ text)

  稭:  祭ﬨ 㦥 ࠢ ࠧ⥫.
  ⢨: ࠢ ࠧ⥫     ஡.

212 runaway quoted string text (ப  ﭭ 窮 text)
    稭: 祭 ࠬ   窨 ᫥,   ࠢ 窠
             .
   ⢨:  窨.

215 parameter files nested too deep text
      (᫨誮 㡮  䠩 ࠬ஢ text)

  稭: 誮 㡮  䠩 ࠬ஢. -
           ᨬ쭠 㡨  - 3.
  ⢨:  ⢮  䠩 ࠬ஢.

217 failure while processing file parameter
      (㤠  ࠡ⪥ 䠩 ࠬ஢)

  稭:  ࠡ⪥  㪠 䠩 ࠬ஢  訡.
  ⢨:   ⥫쭮 ଠ樨 ᬮ - ⥫
           ᮮ饭  訡.

218 error in file text (訡  䠩 text)
  稭:  ࠡ⪥ । 䠩  訡.
  ⢨:   㣨 ᮮ饭  訡  ⨧樨 訡.












                                    -- 42 --
