






                                 SQL*PLUS

                           

                               

      3.0    (SQL*PLUS  User's Guide and Reference)




                                O R A C L E
               ____________________________________________
              ⥬ ࠢ 樮묨  .









































                                    -- 1 --



                          

 1           SQL*PLUS
 1          
                  SQL*PLUS
                   ᭮ 楯樨
                     ᯮ짮 SQL*PLUS
                   㣨 ᯮᮡ ࠡ   ORACLE

                 ᯮ짮  㪮⢠
                   襭  ᨭ⠪ 
                   ਬ ⠡

                  㦭  믮 SQL*PLUS
                   㤮  ணࠬ ᯥ祭
                   樠쭠 ଠ  襩 
                    짮⥫  ஫
                     ⠡栬-ਬࠬ

 2          祭 ᭮ SQL*PLUS
                 
                   ᯮ짮 
                   室  SQL*PLUS
                   室  SQL*PLUS
                   믮 
                   믮  SQL
                   믮  PL/SQL
                   믮  SQL*PLUS
                   ६ 騥  믮 
                   ⮬᪮ ࠭   
                   뢠   ६  믮
                    ६ ⨪  믮塞 
                   믮  㬥⠫쭮 
                   믮  SQL*FORMS

                 祭 
                   ᯥ⪠ ᠭ ⠡
                   ࠢ ᯫ
                    ᮮ饭  訡

 3          㫨஢ 
                 ஢ 
                   ᯥ⪠ ᮤন 
                   ஢ ⥪饩 ப
                     ப
                      ப
                    ப
                   ஢  ⥬ ।஬

                 ࠭     ᯮ짮
                       䠩
                   饭 ਥ   䠩
                   롮ઠ  䠩
                   믮  䠩
                     䠩
                     䠩
                   室   䠩   
                   ⠭ 襣 㦥 SQL*PLUS

                                    -- 2 --



                 ᠭ ࠪ⨢ 
                   । ६ 짮⥫
                   ᯮ짮 ६  ⠭
                   । ࠬ஢ १  START
                     짮⥫

 4          ଠ஢ १⮢ 
                 ଠ஢ 
                     
                   ଠ஢  ⨯ NUMBER
                   ଠ஢  ⨯ CHAR,LONG,DATE
                   ஢ ਡ⮢ 
                      ਡ⮢ 
                     ⠭ ਡ⮢ 
                    ப ᨬ ᫥ ᢥ⪨ ᮤন 

                 襭 襣      ⮣ ப
                    㡫 祭   뢠
                   ⠭ ஡   祭  뢠
                   ⠭ ஡ ᫥  ப
                   ᯮ짮 孨 ⠢ ஡
                     㤠 ᠭ 뢠
                   ᫥ ⮣ ப   祭  
                   ᫥ ⮣ ப   
                   ᫥ ⠢ ⮣ 祭  ப
                     㤠 ᠭ COMPUTE

                 ᠭ   ࠧ୮⥩ ࠭
                   ⠭  砫  
                   뢮  ࠭  㣨 ⥬ 祭 
                   
                   ,   ⠭ ᠭ 
                   ࠭
                   뢮 祭   
                   뢮 ⥪饩   
                   ⠭ ࠧ୮⥩ ࠭
                 ࠭   १⮢ 
                     १⮢  䠩
                     १⮢  ਭ

 5             

                 祭    㬮砭
                 祭  㤠 
                   祭  㤠  "" SQL*PLUS
                   祭  㤠  ᪠ SQL*PLUS
                 ஢      
                    ᨭ⠪  COPY
                   ࠢ 饭  楫 ⠡
                    ᮮ饭  COPY
                   । 㣨 ⠡ 짮⥫
                 ஢   ⠡栬  

 2          
 6          ࠢ筨 
ਫ      饭  訡  COPY
ਫ      ७  ᨨ 3.0
ਫ C     ࠭祭 SQL*PLUS

                                    -- 3 --



ਫ D     ᮪  SQL
ਫ      ࠭祭 ਢ 짮⥫  SQL*PLUS
ਫ F      SQL*PLUS ࠭ ᨩ
                 ਩

 I        SQL*PLUS
 1                            

               SQL*PLUS   ᫥ ⥬:

-  ணࠬ SQL*PLUS
- ᠭ ᭮ 楯権
- ᭥,   ᯮ짮 SQL*PLUS
- ᠭ 㣨 ணࠬ,   ᯮ짮   ORACLE
- ᮣ襭  ᨭ⠪  ᯮ㥬   㪮⢥
- ਬ ⠡,   㤥 ᯮ짮
- 㤮, ணࠬ ᯥ祭, ଠ 室   
  믮 SQL*PLUS

      SQL*PLUS
  ᯮ짮 ணࠬ SQL*PLUS ᮢ⭮  몮  SQL   
楤୮ 몮 ७, PL/SQL.   SQL    
롨    Oracle Corporation, ORACLE RDBMS.  PL/SQL  
ᮥ  SQL  ᪨ 楤.

SQL*PLUS   㫨஢  SQL   PL/SQL,  ⠪
믮  ⥫ .   SQL*PLUS  :
     - , ।஢, , 롨  믮  SQL 
        PL/SQL
     - ଠ஢, 믮 ᫥,    १
       ᮢ  ଥ ⮢
     -  ᠭ    ⠡
     -     ஢    SQL
     - 뫠 ᮮ饭  ਭ ⢥   짮⥫

᭮ 楯樨        ਢ ᭮  SQL*PLUS:
command   ,   । SQL*PLUS  ORACLE RDBMS.
block     㯯  SQL  PL/SQL 易  楤୮ .
table     ᭮  ࠭塞 ଠ樨  ORACLE RDBMS.
query      SQL,  롨ࠥ ଠ     ⠡.

query results  ࠭   .
report          ଠ஢   SQL*PLUS.

       ᯮ짮 SQL*PLUS
  SQL*PLUS, SQL, PL/SQL  筮  ⮡ 㦨 
 짮⥫ ,  ᫨誮 אַ  窮  
ORACLE RDBMS.

ணࠬ஢  SQL*PLUS 祭   㤮.  ਬ, ⮡   
 ENAME     "Employee" (㦠騩),    
᫥ :

        COLUMN ENAME HEADING EMPLOYEE

筮, ⮡ ᯥ ᠭ  ⠡ EMP,  ᯮ짮 
:
        DESCRIBE EMP

                                    -- 4 --



     㣨 ।⢠ ࠡ  ORACLE
     ௮ ORACLE ।⠢ ⢮ ணࠬ   
      ࠡ   ORACLE,  :

SQL*ReportWriter      ࠧ  ⢥ .

SQL*Forms      ।⠢ ४᭮ ।⢮ ᭮  ଠ 
               ᮧ, ᮯ஢  믮 ਫ.

ORACLE for 1-2-3    ।⠢ 짮⥫ Lotus 1-2-3   
                    RDBMS ORACLE.

SQL*QMX        ।⠢  IBM QMX ᮢ⨬ 䥩  ORACLE, 
               ᯥ稢騩    ࠧ   
                ࠪ⨢   SQL.

Easy*SQL       ।⠢ ஢
䥩       ORACLE,   ॡ  SQL,    
               ᯮ ⥬ , , . Easy*SQL ।⠢ 
               ᪨ , ஢ , ⥩訥 
               , ⥩訩  .

SQL*Graph          ᪮

      ᯮ짮   㪮⢮

 㪮⢮ 뢠 SQL*PLUS,     ⨯ .  
 ᯥ SQL*PLUS, ⥬ ,   .  ⠫ ਢ  
㪮⢥  ⠫樨 ORACLE  襩 樮 ⥬.  ᯮ 
 㪮⢮ 饥  ⨯  ᮢ⭮  "㪮⢮  ࠢ筨 
짮⥫  SQL*PLUS".

   㪮⢥, ਬ ᯮ 騩 ᨭ⠪  
騩  ⠡-ਬ஢.   뢠 .  
ᮣ襭  ᨭ⠪  ᮡ 묨,  㤥 뫠 
ࠢ筮   㪮⢠.

  襭  騥  ⠡ 뢠 ᮣ襭  ᨭ⠪  
ᨭ ᯮ㥬   㪮⢥ 

 1-2               ਬ   ᭥
㭪
___________________________________________________________
                 ୠ⨢ , 
                          .. 易⥫묨  .

᪮       [OFFON]        易⥫ ⮢. ᫨
                          ,     ⮢.

䨣     {OFFON}     ୠ⨢ 易⥫쭮 ᪮ ࠬ;
                             ⮢ ࠧ .
                            ᪮  .

ન {OFFON}    祭  㬮砭; ᫨ 祭  ,
                           롨ࠥ  稭.

 窨   n,n,...  ।饥 祭   ᪮쪮 ࠧ.


                                    -- 5 --



     -ਬ     設⢮ 楯権  権  㪮⢠
    ⠡-ਬ஢.  ⠡ ᮤঠ 
 ᮭ 䨪⨢ .    믮 ࠦ 
㪮⢠, ।⠢ ᥡ,   ४ ᮭ  .

ࠦ ᯮ ଠ   ⠡:
EMP        ন ଠ  㦠  .
DEPT      ন ଠ  ⤥ .

 㭪 1-1  1-2  ᫥饩 ࠭  䮬, ᮤঠ
  ⠡.

. 1-1
 EMP    EMPNO ENAME  JOB          MGR HIREDATE    SAL  COMM DEPTNO
          ----- ------ --------- ---- --------- ---------
           7369 SMITH  CLERK     7902 17-DEC-80       800  20
           7499 ALLEN  SALESMAN  7698 20-FEB-81      1600  300     30
           7521 WARD   SALESMAN  7698 22-FEB-81      1250  500     30
           7566 JONES  MANAGER   7839 02-APR-81      2975   20
           7654 MARTIN SALESMAN  7698 28-SEP-81      1250  1400     30
           7698 BLAKE  MANAGER   7839 01-MAY-81      2850    30
           7782 CLARK  MANAGER   7839 09-JUN-81      2450    10
           7788 SCOTT  ANALYST   7566 09-DEC-82      3000    20
           7839 KING   PRESIDENT      17-NOV-81      5000    10
           7844 TURNER SALESMAN  7698 08-SEP-81      1500     0     30
           7876 ADAMS  CLERK     7788 12-JAN-83      1100    20
           7900 JAMES  CLERK     7698 03-DEC-81       950    30
           7902 FORD   ANALYST   7566 03-DEC-81      3000    20
           7934 MILLER CLERK     7782 23-JAN-82      1300    10
. 1-2
 DEPT   DEPTNO  DNAME          LOC
               ------- -------------- -----------
               10      ACCOUNTING     NEW YORK
               20      RESEARCH       DALLAS
               30      SALES          CHICAGO
               40      OPERATIONS     BOSTON

  室  믮 SQL*PLUS

    ᪠ SQL*PLUS,  室  , ணࠬ 
ᯥ祭(), ଠ   ⨯ , -짮⥫  ஫,  
     ⠡栬.

  
  ,  ஬  ࠡ⠥  ORACLE  SQL*PLUS, 뢠 ࠡ祩
. ORACLE  SQL*PLUS  㭪樮஢   ⨯ .

 襩  ࠢ 設묨 ᠬ  ।⢠, ன  
ணࠬ.   ᯮ ࠧ 樮 ⥬.  
ଠ樥   襩  蠩  㬥樨 ⠢塞  
஬.

 ⮣   筥 ᯮ짮 SQL*PLUS,  த ORACLE  SQL*PLUS 
.. ⠫஢. ᫨  襩 ࠡ祩  ࠡ⠥  짮⥫,  
 ࣠     (뢠 ),  
ᯥ ᯮ짮 ORACLE RDBMS.



                                    -- 6 --



   ᯮᮡ ⠫஢ ORACLE  SQL*PLUS  襩 ⥬. ᫨ 
㯠  ஫ , ᬮ 樨  ⠫樨 ORACLE RDBMS 
SQL*PLUS  襩 .

        ଠ   襩 
 ᯥ ORACLE  SQL*PLUS      ⨯ .    
㦤  㪮⢥  ⠫樨 ORACLE  㪮⢥ 짮⥫.

࠭  襣 㪮⢠  ⠫樨  㪮⢠ 짮⥫
㯭묨  ࠢ筮 饭   ࠡ⠥   㬥⮬.
 室,  㤥 뫠   ⨬ 㬥⠬.

          ஫ 짮⥫
    ᪠ SQL*PLUS,  室 㪠  짮⥫,
    ॣ஢ 짮⥫ ORACLE, 
஫,  ᮮ⢥ 襬 .

        짮⥫᪨ ⥬
᫨  襩  ࠡ⠥ ᪮쪮 祫,     ⠭ 
஫  .  ⠪ ॡ ⥬   ஫  室  . 
 ࠬ  ᮢ ( )    ஫  SQL*PLUS.

        짮⥫᪨ ⥬
  ᫨   ࠡ⠥  짮⥫᪮ ०,  ।,
   ᯮ 㭪樨  ᠬ.  ⮬ 砥  
ᯮ짮  SCOTT  ஫ TIGER. , ᫨   । ᢮
  ஫, ᬮ  SQL GRANT  ࠢ筨   SQL.

          ⠡栬-ਬࠬ
   ⠡    "ᮡ⢥" । 짮⥫. 
    ⠡-ਬ஢, ⮡ ᯮ짮   ਬ 
 㪮⢠.   祭 믮  䠩 DEMOBLD 
⠢塞 ମ ORACLE (믮  ࠬ ,    SQL*PLUS).

砭: DEMOBLD ᮧ  SQL*PLUS ⮢ (LOGIN) 䠩.  
ࠧ "⠭ 㦥 SQL*PLUS"  "࠭   쭥襣
ᯮ짮"   3, ᫨   ࠭ ᢮  LOGIN 䠩.
⨬,  LOGIN 䠩  SQL*PLUS  LOGIN 䠩   -  ࠧ .

 ⠡-ਬ   ,   㤠, 믮
 䠩 DEMODROP.  ଠ樥  ᯮ짮  䠩
DEMODROP  DEMOBLD   㪮⢠  ⠫樨  짮⥫ 
襩 .
















                                    -- 7 --



      2       SQL*PLUS

     ᭮ ᯮ짮 SQL*PLUS, 
ᬠਢ ᫥騥 ⥬:

 - ᯮ짮 
 - 室  室  SQL*PLUS
 - 믮  SQL,  PL/SQL,  SQL*PLUS
 - ᭥ ६,    믮塞 
 - ⮬᪮ ࠭   
 - 뢠   ६  믮
 - ᡮ ६ ⨪  ,   믮
 - 믮     SQL*FORMS
 -  ᠭ ⠡
 - ࠢ ᯫ
 -  ᮮ饭  訡

⠩   ᨤ  ஬,  ஢ ᠭ ਬ. ।
砫 ࠡ 㡥,      ⠡栬-ਬࠬ ᠭ
  1.

     
। ⥬  ᯮ짮 SQL*PLUS,    㭪ﬨ
ࠧ      室   SQL*PLUS.

     ᯮ짮 
SQL*PLUS 砥 ᯥ樠 祭  ࠧ   襩
.  2-1   .

    ࠧ   ࠧ筮 ᯮ  
  ,  㪮⢮ 뢠  ।⢮ 㭪権,
  믮.  㪮⢥  ⠫樨 ਢ 祭
ᮮ⢥     襩 .

  ⠡ 2-1  ᮮ⢥   .
⥬     .

 2-1     樠   SQL*PLUS   㭪樨
           
SQL*PLUS          㭪

[Return]       ___   ப
[Backspace]    ___ ࠭ ᨬ ᫥   (ࠢ 訡)
[Pause]        ___ ਮ⠭ 믮 ணࠬ  뢮  ᯫ
[Resume]       ___  믮 ணࠬ  뢮  ᯫ [Pause]
[Cancel]       ___ ⠭ 믮 ணࠬ;   SQL*PLUS
[Interrupt]    ___ 室  SQL*PLUS    ࠡ 

 SQL*PLUS     ,   㧭 訥   ,
                     ⮢   SQL*PLUS.

ਬ 2-1           ਬ   SQL*PLUS.
 SQL*PLUS

1. ,   襩  ⠭ ORACLE RDBMS.
2.   (᫨  몫祭)  ⢨ 室  ⥬ (᫨
    室). ᫨  㦥 ࠡ⠥  ,    室
    ⥬  १㦠 .

                                    -- 8 --



     㡥  稨 ᫥ ᪠ ,  ᨣ,
     ⮢  ਥ .    㪮⢥ ᪠  㤥
      ($).  襬  ..  ᪠.

3.   SQL*PLUS   [Return].     
   SQL*PLUS.

  砭:    ,       ॣ

   $ SQLPLUS

   SQL*PLUS   ᢮ ᨨ, , ଠ  ᪮ ࠢ,
  ᪠    짮⥫:

   SQL*PLUS: Vershion 3.0.3- Products on Fri Jan 20 09:39:26 1989
   Copyright (c) ORACLE Corporation 1979, 1988.  All right reserved.
   Enter user-name:

4.   -짮⥫   [Return]. SQL*PLUS ᢥ
   ᪠ "Enter password:".

5.   ஫   [Return] ᭮.   ᯥ祭 , 
   ஫  ⮡ࠦ  ࠭.

     襣   ஫, 뢠 ஢. SQL*PLUS
    ORACLE  ன  稫  ᨨ 㯭 ⮢
  (ਬ PL/SQL)

        ⥬, SQL*PLUS   ᪠ SQL*PLUS:
        SQL>
         ᪠ 뢠,  SQL*PLUS ⮢  ਥ 
        .

᫨ SQL*PLUS  ⮢,   ᬮ ᮮ饭  ࠧ
 訡.  ஡ ଠ樥, 頩  "㪮 ᮮ饭
 訡 ORACLE",   "㪮 ᮮ饭  訡 襩 ".

饭 
SQL*PLUS         ᪠ SQL*PLUS,      ஫,
               ࠧ   "/", ᫥   SQLPLUS. ਬ,
               ᫨   SCOTT  ஫ TIGER,  

               $ SQLPLUS SCOTT/TIGER

                 [Return].  ⠪  ᤥ ⮬᪮
               ஢  SQL*PLUS,   室  .  
               ⠫쭮 ଠ樥 頩  㪮⢠  ⠫樨
                짮⥫.

室  SQL*PLUS    ࠡ  SQL*PLUS,     ,
  EXIT.

ਬ 2-2 室  SQL*PLUS  室  SQL*PLUS   EXIT ᫥ 
            ᪠ SQL*PLUS:

SQL> EXIT
SQL*PLUS  ᨨ ᢮ ணࠬ ,  ⥬  ࠧ 㢨
᪠ .

                                    -- 9 --



       믮 

  襬 ,  㪠⥫ (筮 ᨬ ન 
   אַ㣮쭨)  ᫥  ᪠. 
㪠뢠   ࠭,  ஬  ᫥騩  
ᨬ.

⮡ ᮮ SQL*PLUS,  ,   . 筮, ᫮ 
 ⤥   㣠 ஡  ⠡樥.  ᫨  
ᤥ    ⠡묨,  ⠢  ᫮
⥫ ஡  ⠡樨.

    訬  쪨 㪢.   㤮⢠,  
 ⠡, ,    㪮⢥  訬 
㪢.

   3 ⨯   SQL*PLUS:
     -  SQL,  ࠡ  ଠ樥  
     -  PL/SQL, ⠪  ࠡ  ଠ樥  
     -  SQL*PLUS,  ଠ஢ १⮢ , ⠭
       ࠬ஢, ।஢    SQL   PL/SQL

ᮡ,   த   ⥫ ப, 稢 
,  믮 ,   ⨯     
  믮. ᫥ ⮣,      ਪ SQL*PLUS  
믮, SQL*PLUS ࠡ뢠   뢮  ᪠ ᭮, 
㪠뢠 ,      .

     믮 
     SQL*PLUS         SQL   㫨஢
     묨  .   ஡ ଠ樥   SQL 頩 
                    㪮  ࠢ筨   SQL.

      ਬ 2-3
    ⮬ ਬ  㤥   믮  SQL,  
 㦠饣, , ࠡ     㦠饣  ⠡ EMP.

 1. ᫥  ᪠   ப 

    SQL> SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL

    ᫨  訡, ᯮ [Backspace]  ࠭ 訡  
    ᭮.   ,  [Return]  室  ᫥饩
    ப.  2. SQL*PLUS  "2", ᪠   2- ப.
      ப :

 2  FROM EMP WHERE SAL < 2500;
    窠  ⮩ (;) 砥  .   [Return]. SQL*PLUS
    ࠡ⠥   ᢥ १  ࠭:
         EMPNO ENAME      JOB           SAL
    ---------- ---------- --------- -------
          7369 SMITH      CLERK         800
          7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN     1600
          7521 WARD       SALESMAN     1250
          7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN     1250
          7782 CLARK      MANAGER      2450
          7844 TURNER     SALESMAN     1500


                                    -- 10 --



          7876 ADAMS      CLERK        1100
          7900 JAMES      CLERK         950
          7934 MILLER     CLERK        1300

    9 records selected
    SQL>

    ᫥  १⮢  ⢠ ࠭ ᥩ, SQL*PLUS 뢮
    ᭮  ᪠.  ᫨  ᤥ 訡   稫
    १⮢,   ᭮.

      ,  ᨬ  ⠭ ⥬
    ६ PAGESIZE.   㢨 ᮮ饭 ⭮饥  
    ࠭ ᥩ,  ᨬ   ⠭ ⥬ ६
    FEEDBACK.  ᠭ ⥬ ६ 㤥   ⮩  
     ࠧ "६ 騥  믮 ."

     祭 ᨭ⠪  SQL*PLUS

   SQL*PLUS  ᨭ⠪᪨ ࠢ,  ࠢ ᮬ ᡮન
᫮  .   ᫥ , ⮡    ࠢ쭮
믮﫨.

  SQL  ⤥ ப        SQL 
᪮쪮 ப   ,   ࠧ뢠 ⤥ ᫮ 
ப.  ࠧ,     ਬ 2-3  
ப:

SQL> SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL FROM EMP WHERE
SAL<2500;

      ᪮쪨 ப:
SQL>  SELECT
   2 EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL
   3 FROM EMP
   4 WHERE SAL<2500;

  㪮⢥ 設⢮  SQL 㤥 ࠧ  㭪, 
㭪   ப.  ਬ 2-3, ਬ, 㭪 SELECT  FROM
  ࠧ ப.  짮⥫ 室   㤮.
   ࠧ    ᢮,   㤮  .

襭  SQL     稢  SQL   
ᯮᮡ:
     -   窨  ⮩ (;)
     -     (/)
     -   ⮩ ப

窠  ⮩ ᮮ頥 SQL*PLUS,    믮 . 
  ⮩   ᫥ ப ,    ਬ 2-3.
᫥  窨  ⮩,  [Return]. SQL*PLUS ࠡ⠥ .

᫨   訡  [Return]   窨  ⮩, SQL*PLUS 뢥
  ப  襩 . ⮡ 믮 ,  
 ⮩   [Return] ᭮.




                                    -- 11 --



  (/)  ப ⠪ ᮮ頥 SQL*PLUS,    믮
.  [Return]   ᫥ ப .  SQL*PLUS 뢥
  ப.      [Return] ᭮.
SQL*PLUS 믮 .

 ப ᮮ頥 SQL*PLUS,   稫  ,   
  믮.   [Return]   ᫥ ப .
SQL*PLUS ᪠    ப.

 [Return] ᭮;  SQL*PLUS 뢥 㦥 ᢮ ᪠. SQL*PLUS
 믮 ,      뢠  SQL.

      SQL
    ,  ன SQL*PLUS ࠭  ᫥  ,
뢠 ஬ SQL.  ⠥        
   SQL.  ࠧ, ᫨    
믮  ᭮,    ᤥ  ୮  .
  ஡ ଠ樥    3.

SQL*PLUS     ⮩     , 
   믮 .

 SQL  ஬  㬮砭.     ,
 SQL*PLUS  ॡ ᯮ짮 ⢠ ஢.   
㪮⢥ ""  "SQL "  ᨭ, ᫨ 㣮 
७.   SET BUFFER  ਫ F.

        믮 ⥪饩  SQL
    믮 ( 믮 ) ⥪  SQL, ।⢮
  RUN   ᪠  "/" ᫥ 
᪠.   RUN । ᯮ ⠥ ᮤন ;
 "/"  믮  SQL.

        믮  PL/SQL
    ⠪ ᯮ짮 ணࠬ PL/SQL (뢠 ) 
㫨஢ 묨  .  "㪮⢮  ࠢ筨 짮⥫
 PL/SQL".

 PL/SQL 稭  DECLARE, BEGIN,   . SQL*PLUS
頥   PL/SQL ⠪  ᯮᮡ     SQL, ஬
窨  ⮩  ⮩ ப,   稢   믮 .
 PL/SQL 蠥 窮 (.)   ப.

SQL*PLUS ࠭ ,   ,   SQL. 믮 ⥪騩
    RUN  "/". SQL*PLUS 뫠   PL/SQL 
ORACLE RDBMS  ࠡ⪨.  ଠ樥 頩 "㪮⢮ 
ࠢ筨 짮⥫  PL/SQL".

    믮  PL/SQL ᫥騬 ࠧ:

SQL>  DECLARE
  2       x   NUMBER :=100;
  3   BEGIN
  4       FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
  5           IF TRUNC(i / 2) = i / 2 THEN    --iis even
  6             INSERT INTO temp VALUES(i, x, 'iseven');
  7           ELSE
  8             INSERT INTO temp VALUES(i, x, 'isodd');

                                    -- 12 --



  9           END IF;
 10           x := x+100;
 11        END LOOP;
 12   END;
 13   .
SQL>  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

  믮 ,  SQL     ᥡ ,
祬  .  ᠭ 몠 PL/SQL  "㪮⢮  ࠢ筨
짮⥫  PL/SQL".

     믮  SQL*PLUS
    ᯮ짮  SQL*PLUS  㫨஢  SQL 
 PL/SQL,  ଠ஢   १⮢ ᮢ. SQL*PLUS
ࠡ뢠  SQL*PLUS , 祬  SQL   PL/SQL.  
஡ ଠ樥 頩  ᮮ⢥饩   㬥.
 㢥祭 ᪮  ,   ᮪ 設⢮ 
SQL*PLUS    ᪮쪨 㪢. 饭   
SQL*PLUS 뢠   3,4,5.  ᮪饭ﬨ  ᥬ 
SQL*PLUS 뫠   ᠭ    6.

      ਬ 2-4    SQL*PLUS
   ਬ ,       SQL*PLUS
 ଠ ᯮ㥬    SAL  ⠡-ਬ EMP.

 1.   SQL*PLUS:

    SQL> COLUMN SAL FORMAT $99,999 HEADING SALARY

᫨  訡, ᯮ [Backspace] ࠢ .   
ப,  [Return].  SQL*PLUS   ଠ  ᭮ 뢥
 ᪠ SQL*PLUS, ..  ᭮ 㤥 ⮢  ਥ .

 2.   RUN  ୮ 믮 ᫥  (ਬ
    2-3). SQL*PLUS ᭮ ࠡ⠥   뢥 १:
    SQL> RUN
      1  SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL
      2* FROM EMP WHERE SAL < 2500

         EMPNO ENAME      JOB        SALARY
    ---------- ---------- --------- -------
          7369 SMITH      CLERK        $800
          7499 ALLEN      SALESMAN   $1,600
          7521 WARD       SALESMAN   $1,250
          7654 MARTIN     SALESMAN   $1,250
          7782 CLARK      MANAGER    $2,450
          7844 TURNER     SALESMAN   $1,500
          7876 ADAMS      CLERK      $1,100
          7900 JAMES      CLERK        $950
          7934 MILLER     CLERK      $1,300

 COLUMN ଠ஢  SAL     ($)  ⮩
(,)  ᢮   .  RUN ᭮ 믮  
ਬ 2-3,  ࠭  .  SQL*PLUS   
SQL*PLUS  .


                                    -- 13 --



     襭  ᨭ⠪   SQL*PLUS
   SQL*PLUS  ᨭ⠪ ⫨  ᨭ⠪  SQL  
 PL/SQL.

த   SQL*PLUS  ⥫ ப.    
த   SQL*PLUS ।⢮   (ᮥ⥫쭠
)   ப   [Return]. ᫨  ,   
஡   . SQL*PLUS 뢥 ࠢ 㣫 ᪮ (>) 
᪠   ⥫쭮 ப.

砭  SQL*PLUS     易⥫쭮 稢  SQL*PLUS
  窨  ⮩.     ,   ࠧ
 [Return]. , ᫨  ,      ⮩
   SQL*PLUS.


     ६ 騥  믮    ६ -
   SQL*PLUS SET ࠢ 設⢮ 뢠 ⥬ ६
- ⠭    ᯮᮡ 믮 SQL*PLUS-  .
  ⥬ ६ ࠢ ⢮ ࠬ஢  SQL*PLUS,
 ਭ   㬮砭  뢮  ࠭,   ⢠
ࠡ⠭ ᥩ,   ࠭. ⥬ ६ ⠪ 뢠
६묨  SET.

ਬ  㪮⢠ ᯮ ⥬ ६ ⠭ 
㬮砭.  ᨬ  ⠭  ⥬ ६, 뢮 
  ਬ  ⫨  ⮣,  ਢ   㬥. 
( ⠭  ⫨  祭  㬮砭, ᫨   
SQL*PLUS LOGIN 䠩).

஡  ⥬ ६   祭  㬮砭 ᬮ  6. 
஡  䠩 LOGIN  SQL*PLUS ᬮ  ࠧ "⠭ 㦥 
SQL*PLUS" ࠧ "࠭   ᫥饣 ᯮ짮"   3 
  SQL*PLUS   6.

⮡ ᯥ ⥪騥 ⠭ ६  SET,  ᫥
 ᪠ SHOW   ६.   SHOW   6.

     ⮬᪮ ࠭   .
       SQL DML  UPDATE, INSERT, DELETE-  
ᯮ짮   PL/SQL-  ஢    . 
, SQL   ଠ      믮  SQL
COMMIT   SQL DCL  DDL, ਬ CREATE TABLE.

   ⪫뢠 ஢   ,   㤥 믮
   ᫥ .  ⮬᪮ ஢
 SQL*PLUS  (autocommit)  ⠢  ஢   
᫥   SQL-  INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE-  ᫥ 
믮  PL/SQL.

 ࠢ  ⮬᪮ ஢  SQL*PLUS 
 ६ AUTOCOMMIT  SET.   ᫥騩 ଠ:
SET AUTCOMMIT ON      
SET AUTCOMMIT OFF     몫 ( 㬮砭)





                                    -- 14 --



     ਬ 2-5
     祭 ०    ⮡  ० ⮬᪮
     ⮬᪮     ஢ ,  :
     ஢
               SQL> SET AUTCOMMIT ON

    ⠭ AUTOCOMMIT, SQL*PLUS 㤥 ⮬᪨
஢  ᫥   SQL   PL/SQL. ᫥ 
஢  SQL*PLUS 뢮 ᫥饥 ᮮ饭:

        commit complete

 祭 ० ⮬᪮ ஢ ,   ᬮ
ᮢ ⪠  .   몫祭 ० :
        SQL> SET AUTCOMMIT OFF

⮡ ஢,  AUTOCOMMIT ᥩ 몫祭,   SHOW:
        SQL> SHOW AUTOCOMMIT autocommit OFF

뢠 
 ६          ।,   ᯥ⠫  ࠭
믮          -࠭筮   訫  ᬮ ⠢ 
 .  [Cancel]. ( ⠡ 2-1  砫 ).  SQL*PLUS 
⠭ 뢮     ᪠.

砭:  ⨥ [Cancel]  ࢥ  䠩,   뫠 
ਭ   ࠬ OUT  SQL*PLUS SPOOL. ( १⮢
 ᬠਢ   4).   ࢠ 䠩  樮
⥬;  㪮⢮  襩 .

      ६ ⨪
    ᯮ  SQL*PLUS TIMING  ᡮ    믮塞
  稢   믮    ᪮쪨
  . TIMING ᮡࠥ   襤訩 ਮ ६,
࠭ ଠ  믮    ஭஢.
 TIMING   6  㪮⢠  ⠫樨  짮⥫ ORACLE.

⮡ 㤠   ஭஢,  CLEAR TIMING.

        믮  

    믮  ,   SQL*PLUS.  ᮡ , 
   믮 ।  (ਬ:  
饣 䠩 樮 ⥬).

⮡ 믮  ,   SQL*PLUS HOST  ᫥饩
 樮 ⥬. ਬ,   SQL*PLUS 믮
 , DIRECTORY *.SQL :
        SQL> HOST DIRECTORY *.SQL

᫥ 襭   ࠭    ᪠ SQL*PLUS

        믮  SQL*FORMS

   ᫨  ⠫樨 SQL*PLUS 뫠   RUNFORM,   ⠪ 
믮    SQL*PLUS.  믮   
SQL*PLUS RUNFORM   :


                                    -- 15 --



        SQL> RUNFORM myform

        祭 
------
 ६ ࠡ  SQL*PLUS   㦨,   室 ᯥ 
ᠭ  ⠡,    ࢠ 뢮  ࠭.    
⠪  ᭥ ᮮ饭  訡, 祭  ࠢ쭮 
     ஡  ORACLE  SQL*PLUS.  騩 
ࠧ ,      樨.

 ᠭ     ⮡ ᬮ ᠭ    ⠡,
⠡              ᯮ  SQL*PLUS DESCRIBE.

  ਬ 2-6     ⮡ ᯥ ।   ⠡ DEPT,
  ᯮ짮  :
  
  DESCRIBE          SQL> DESCRIBE DEPT

                 ᫥騩 १:
               name                     null?        type
               ----------------------------- -------- ---------
               DEPTNO                   NOT NULL NUMBER(2)
               DNAME                               CHAR(14)
               LOC                                 CHAR(13)

砭:  DESCRIBE  ଠ ᫮  ORACLE.  
ᯮ짮 ⠪  SQL SELECT  祭 ⮩  㣮 ଠ樨  
.   ⠫쭮 ଠ樥 頩  "ࠢ筮 㪮⢮  
 SQL"  "㪮⢮ 짮⥫   SQL".

ࠢ  뢮
   ।,   ⥫ ⠭  ᬮ ࠭  ६ 뢮
   ᠭ ⠡  訬 ⢮ . 
[Pause]. ( ⠡ 2-1). 뢮 㤥 ਮ⠭,   ᫥ ࠭.
⮡ த, 室  [Resume].

      ᯮ짮 ६ PAUSE  SQL*PLUS SET,
   ᫥ 뢮  ࠭   . 
SET 뢠   6.

饭  訡
    ᫨ SQL*PLUS 㦨 訡  ,  ⠥   
 뢮 ᮮ饭  訡.

  ਬ 2-7   ਬ, ᫨  ⨫ 訡   ⠡  ६
  饭     , ᮮ饭  訡 நନ , 
   訡    ⠡   (view)  :

               SQL> DESCRIBE DPT
               ERROR:
               ORA-0942: table or view dos not exist

 ᥣ   祬 稭  ᠬ ᮮ饭. ᫨  室
쭥襥 ᭥, ᤥ   ᫥ 蠣, ⮡ ।
稭 訡    ࠢ:
 - ᫨ 訡     SQL*PLUS COPY, ᬮ ᮮ饭 
   ਫ   㪮⢠.


                                    -- 16 --



 - ᫨ 訡   稭騩  㪢 "ORA",  ᮮ饭 
   "㪮⢮    ᮮ襭  訡 ORACLE"  "㪮⢮ 
   ⠫樨  짮⥫".

 - ᫨ 訡  ,  ࠢ ᨭ⠪ , 
   ਢ  訡   6   SQL*PLUS   "ࠢ筮
   㪮⢥   SQL"   "㪮⢥ 짮⥫  PL/SQL" 
    PL/SQL.



















































                                    -- 17 --



            3
                              㫨஢
                                 

     㫨஢  SQL*PLUS,  SQL,
 PL/SQL  ⮨  ᫥ ࠧ:
     - ।஢  SQL*PLUS
     - ᯮ짮  SQL*PLUS    䨪樨 
       ࠭  
     - ।஢  ⥬ ।஬
     - ᮧ  ࠢ  䠩    ᯮ짮
     - 롮ઠ  믮  䠩
     - ࠭ ⠭ 祭 㦥 SQL*PLUS
     - ᠭ  ,   ६ 짮⥫
        ⠭ ६
     - । ࠬ஢  䠩

      ।஢

  SQL*PLUS   ࠭  SQL*PLUS  ,  ࠢ
  ᯮ  [Backspace]    .

  ᯮ짮  ப  ।஢  SQL  
PL/SQL ࠭     .   ।஢
ᮤন    । .

 1-1 뢠 祭  SQL*PLUS,  
ᬠਢ        ୮ .

 3-1                  ᮪饭     祭

____________________________________________________________
।஢ APPEND text        A text       ⥪   ப
SQL*PLUS       CHANGE /old/new C /old/new      old  new
 ப
               CHANGE /text    C /text        㤠 text  ப
               CLEAR BUFFER    CL BUFF        㤠  ப
               DEL                ()       㤠 ப
               INPUT              I               ப
               INPUT text      I text          ப ᮤঠ text
               LIST            L                ப  SQL
               LIST n          L n   n       ப
               LIST *          L *             ⥪饩 ப
               LIST LAST       L LAST          ᫥ ப
               LIST m n        L m n            ப(m/n)

                 祭 , ᫨  訡  , 
                 㦥  .

           ।஢ (஬ LIST)  ⮫쪮 
ᮤন          ப  .  ப 뢠 ⥪饩 ப
         砥 窮,  ⠥ ⥪ 
                .

 ਬ 3-1         ।,  ⥫ ᯥ ⥪ .
         ᯮ  LIST   . (
 ᮤন   ਬ 2-3, ᫨    ).
 

                                    -- 18 --



               SQL> LIST
                 1  SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB, SAL
                 2* FROM EMP WHERE SAL < 2500

               ⨬,  窠  ⮩,      
               SELECT,  ⠥.  窠  ⮩ 室 
                ,    ࠭  ᠬ SQL . 
                ।஢  㤮, ..   
                ப     㤠 窨  ⮩.

஢
⥪饩 ப  SQL*PLUS CHANGE   ।஢ ⥪
               ப.  ⢨ ।,  ப 
               ⥪饩:
                    - LIST  ப   ⥪饩
                    -   ⠥  믮   ,
                      ᫥ ப  ⠭ ⥪饩.(⥬
                      , ᯮ짮 ᨬ "/"  ᪠ 
                          ⥪饩 ப.)
                    - ᫨  稫 ᮮ饭  訡, ப  訡
                      ⮬᪨ ⠭ ⥪饩.

ਬ 3-2    ।,   ⠫   DEPTNO, 
祭      訡    DPTNO.  ᫥ ,
訡       ᯥ樠쭮 ᤥ 訡  ࢮ ப:   ப
              SQL> SELECT DPTNO, ENAME, SAL 2  FROM EMP 3  WHERE DEPTNO=10;

               㢨 ⠪ ᮮ饭  ࠭:

              SELECT DPTNO, ENAME, SAL
                    *
              ERROR at line 1:
              ORA-0904:  invalid column name

      ᬮ ᮮ饭  訡;  㪠뢠  ࠢ쭮   
       ࢮ ப .  窠 뢠  訡- ࠢ쭮 
        DPTNO.

       ୮  ,   ࠢ 訡, । 
        .  ப ᮤঠ 訡 ⠭ ⥪饩 ப. 
      ᯮ  CHANGE, ⮡ ࠢ 訡.   ⮨ 
        ⥩, ࠧ  ⮩  㣨 
      -䠢⭮஢ ᨬ:
            ᫮ CHANGE  ᨬ 
           - ᫥⥫쭮 ᨬ,    
           - ᫥⥫쭮 ᨬ,      

       CHANGE 室 ࢮ 宦 ᫥⥫쭮 ᨬ  
      ப, ஥ 室 ,     ᫥⥫-
       ᨢ. ᫨    ப ,    
      ᯮ짮  CHANGE:  ப ,   ப  
      १ ஡  ⥪   [Return].

ਬ 3-3         ⮡  DPTNO  DEPTNO,  ப 
४஢ CHANGE: 訡
              SQL> CHANGE /DPTNO/DEPTNO

    ࠢ ப   ࠭:

                                    -- 19 --



              1* SELECT DEPTNO, ENAME, SAL

    ࠢ 訡,  ᯮ  RUN 믮  ᭮:
              SQL> RUN

              SQL*PLUS ⠥ ,  ⥬ 믮 :

              1  SELECT DEPTNO, ENAME, SAL
              2  FROM   EMP
              3* WHERE  DEPTNO=10

              DEPTNO  ENAME    SALARY
              ------- ----------- ------
                   10 CLARK     $2,450
                   10 KING      $5,000
                   10 MILLER    $1,300

       ⨬,   SAL 頥  ଠ,   ᢮  
        ਬ 2-4. (᫨   SQL*PLUS,  諨 ,  ଠ 
       ୥  ࢮ砫쭮 ﭨ.)

               ஡  CHANGE ᬠਢ   6.


 ப   ⮡ ⠢  ப ᫥ ⥪饩 ᯮ 
               INPUT.

 ਬ 3-4    ।,    4- ப   SQL,
       﫨  ਬ 3-3.   ப 3 㦥
 ப         ⥪饩,  INPUT ( ᮪: I)  
               [Return]. SQL*PLUS 뤠 ᪠    ப:

               SQL> INPUT
               4

                 ப. ⥬  [Return].
               SQL*PLUS ᭮ 뤠 ᪠   ப:

               4  ORDER BY SAL
               5

                [Return] ᭮, ⮡  SQL*PLUS  ४饭 
                 ப,  ⥬ ᯮ  RUN  ஢ન 
                 믮 .

 ⥪
  ப     ⮡  ⥪   ப  , ᯮ 
                    APPEND:

                1. ᯮ  LIST ( ।⢥  ப), 
                    ⮣ ⮡ ⮪,    .
                2.  APPEND  塞  ⥪. ᫨ ⥪ 
                   稭  ஡, ⤥ ᫮ APPEND  ࢮ 
                   ᨬ ⥪  ஡ (1- ஡-  ࠧ⥫; 
                    2- -   ).




                                    -- 20 --



 ਬ 3-5
  ⥪
   ப     ⮡  ஡  ᫮ DESC  ப 4 ⥪饣
                    , ᭠砫 室 ᯥ ப 4:

               SQL> LIST 4
                 4* ORDER BY SAL

               ⥬  ᫥  (஢ 稥 2- ஡ 
                APPEND  DESC):

               SQL> APPEND  DESC
                 4* ORDER BY SAL DESC

             ᯮ  RUN  ஢ન   믮 .

 ப     ⮡ 㤠 ப  , ᯮ  DEL:

                1. ᯮ  LIST (  ப), ᯥ⠩
                   ப,  室 㤠.
                2.  DEL.

               DEL  ᫥ ப   ⥪饩.   ࠧ
               ᫥⥫쭮  㤠 ᪮쪮 ப, ᭠砫 
               ப ⥪饩  ⥬   DEL.

        ஢  ⥬ ।஬ ⥪⮢ ।஢,
-------
 襩     ᪮쪮   ᯮ짮  ᮧ  
।஢ 䠩. ⮢ । 믮   㭪樨,   
 ।஢ SQL*PLUS,       㤮.

  ᪠ ⥬ ⥪⮢ ।  室  SQL*PLUS 
   EDIT:

SQL> EDIT

EDIT 㧨 ᮤন   ⥪⮢ ।. ⥬  ࠢ
⥪    ।.   ᪮ । ࠭
⥪ ⥬ 멤  , ⥪ ࠭ ⭮  ⥪饬 .

⮡ 㧨 ᮤন   㣮 ⥪⮢ ।,    
 ᠭ  㬮砭, ᯮ  SQL*PLUS DEFINE 
। ६, _EDITOR,  ன 頥  ।.
ਬ, ⮡ । ।,  ᫥ ᯮ짮 
EDIT  EDT,  ᫥ :

        SQL> DEFINE _EDITOR = EDT


        ࠭   ᯮ짮 
-------
    SQL*PLUS,   ࠭      䠩, 
뢠  䠩.  ᫥ ᮧ  䠩   
롨, ।஢  믮 .  ᯮ  䠩  ⮣, 
⮡ ᯮ짮   祭 ண ஬⪠ ६, ᯥ樠 
᫮    PL/SQL.


                                    -- 21 --



            䠩.
          SQL,  PL/SQL, 
SQL*PLUS   䠩.   䠩  ࠬ SQL*PLUS, 
   ᯮᮡ:
  -    ࠭ ᮤন 
  - ᯮ INPUT   ,  ⥬ ࠭ ᮤন 
  - ᯮ EDIT  ᮧ ६ 䠩 ᯮ ⥬ ।

   SQL*PLUS    ,   ࠭ 
室 ᯮ짮   ᫥  ⮤.

 
䠩 ।⢮
࠭          ⮡ ࠭ ⥪  SQL   PL/SQL,
ᮤন           SAVE.   ᫥  䠩:

               SQL> SAVE _䠩

               SQL*PLUS  ७ SQL   䠩, ⮡ 
               ஢,   䠩 ᮢ SQL.  ᫨  , 
                㣮 ७   䠩 १ .  ⨬,
                 SQL*PLUS  ⤥  䠩  ७
               窮,        㣮 ᨬ.

 ਬ 3-5         砫 ᬮ    LIST ᮤন
 ࠭    ⥪饩 .
 ⥪饩
        SQL> LIST
                 1  SELECT DEPTNO, ENAME, SAL
                 2  FROM EMP
                 3  WHERE DEPTNO = 10
                 4* ORDER BY SAL DESC

               ᫨     ,   ᭮.
               ⥬   SAVE   䠩 DEPTINFO:

               SQL> SAVE DEPTINFO
               Created file DEPTINFO

                 ஢ ⢮  䠩 DEPTINFO,
                 HOST   襩 樮 ⥬ 
                䠩:

               SQL> HOST __䠩_襩_

                 ᯮ짮 㣮 ᯮᮡ  ࠭ ⥪饣
                PL/SQL   .

 
䠩   ᫨ ᯮ짮  INPUT    ,
INPUT  SAVE       SQL*PLUS (⠪    SQL
                 PL/SQL)  . 砫   SQL*PLUS,
                ⥬  SQL   PL/SQL; 筮 ⠪,   
                  ᫥  ᪠.

                ⠪    SQL*PLUS ,  
                ᯮ짮  ⢮ ࠧ ᮢ 
                䠩.

                                    -- 22 --



ਬ 3-6        ।,  稭    ᯨ᪠ த殢
࠭          ᨮ. ,   믮  ࠧ
     , ⮡ 業 १ ࠡ  㦠饣.
INPUT  SAVE   ⮡   ࠭   ᯮ 
               INPUT,   ᭠砫  :

               SQL> CLEAR BUFFER

               ⥬ ᯮ INPUT    (㡥,  
                   ⮩   ):

               SQL> INPUT
                 1  COLUMN ENAME HEADING SALESMAN
                 2  COLUMN SAL HEADING SALARY FORMAT $99,999
                 3  COLUMN COMM HEADING COMMISION FORMAT $99,990
                 4  SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, SAL, COMM
                 5  FROM EMP
                 6  WHERE JOB = 'SALESMAN'
                 7

    ଠ   COMM ᮮ頥 SQL*PLUS ,  室 
   ஡,      ࠢ .  
室 ⮫쪮 ⮣,   ᯮ 㣨 ଠ  砥 
.   ଠ⮢   COLUMN 뢠   4.

 ᯮ  SAVE  ࠭   䠩   SALES
 ७ SQL:

               SQL> SAVE SALES
               Created file SALES

⨬,       ⮩   ; ᫨   
    ⮩, SQL*PLUS   㤥  믮 
ᮤন .  SQL*PLUS   ਢ  訡 ⮬,  
SQL*PLUS    ⮫쪮  SQL.

⮡ ᪮쪮  SQL, 㡥 窨  ⮩    SQL.  
⥬ ᯮ APPEND,   窨  ⮩  ᥬ (஬ 
᫥)  (SAVE      䠩 
⮬᪨;   ᮮ頥 SQL*PLUS,  室 믮 
᫥ ,   ᪠  䠩).

⮡  ᪮쪮  PL/SQL,    㣨   窨
 ⮩     . ⥬,    (஬
᫥) ᯥ⠩ ᫥ ப , ⮡ ᤥ  ⥪饩, 
ᯮ INPUT  ⠢  :

               INPUT /

 
䠩 ⥬      ⠪ ᮧ  䠩  
।஬          ⥪⮢ । ,     EDIT 
                䠩, ਬ:

               SQL> EDIT SALES

  SAVE, EDIT ⠪    䠩 ७ SQL, ᫨
  㪠 ᢮ ७.

                                    -- 23 --



         ⮩  ப  窮
᫥   PL/SQL  䠩. (   ⢮  SQL
  PL/SQL).

  ᮧ  䠩  EDIT,   ⠪ 
 SQL*PLUS   䠩.    ⮣   ᮧ
 䠩  SAVE, ⠪  SAVE    
 䠩.    㤥 ਪ뢠 SQL*PLUS- 믮
 䠩 ,  ࠧ   窨  ⮩   ᫥
 SQL (   ᫥ ᫥  PL/SQL),   ࠧ
 㦥     䠩.

        饭 ਥ   䠩
-------
           ਨ   䠩    ᯮᮡ:
                - ᯮ  SQL*PLUS  REMARK
                - ᯮ ࠭⥫  SQL, /*...*/
                - ᯮ ਨ PL/SQL "--"

ᯮ짮  ᯮ  REMARK  ⤥쭮 ப  
 REMARK 䠩,  ᫥騬 ਥ  ⮩  ப.
               ⮡ த ਩  ᫥ ப, 
               ⥫  REMARK.  ࠧ뢠    SQL
                REMARK.

               REMARK   ᨮ
               REMARK 믮 筮
               COLUMN ENAME HEADING SALESMAN
               COLUMN SAL HEADING SALARY FORMAT $99,999
               COLUMN COMM HEADING COMMISION FORMAT $99,990
               REMARK 砥 ⮫쪮 த殢
               SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, SAL, COMM
               FROM EMP
               WHERE JOB = 'SAESMAN'

ᯮ짮   ࠭⥫  SQL,  ⤥ ப
/*...*/         䠩,   ப ᮤঠ饩  SQL 
                PL/SQL. ਩  ᮤঠ ᪮쪮 ப:

               /*   ᨮ 믮 筮 */
               COLUMN
               ENAME   HEADING
               SALESMAN COLUMN SAL HEADING SALARY
               FORMAT  $99,999 COLUMN COMM HEADING COMMISION FORMAT $99,990
               SELECT  EMPNO, ENAME, SAL, COMM
               FROM EMP WHERE JOB = 'SAESMAN' /* 砥 ⮫쪮 த殢 */

               ᫨   ਩ SQL ।⢥ ᫥ 
               ᪠, SQL*PLUS  ࠭ ਩  .

ᯮ짮    ᯮ짮 "--" ⨫ ਥ 
ਥ    PL/SQL.  ਩  ப .
PL/SQL "--"    ਩  稢  ⮩  ப; 
                ॡ  ࠭⥫.

               DECLARE  --  筮  த殢



                                    -- 24 --



롮ઠ  䠩
   ᫨  ⥫  ᮤন  䠩  ,  
  䠩  䠩  ஬  ࠭.   ᤥ ,
ᯮ  SQL*PLUS GET.

    ࠭     䠩  SAVE, 
    䠩    GET:

SQL> GET _䠩

SQL*PLUS    ७   䠩, ᫨   㪠 ᢮
७.

 ਬ 3-7
         롮ઠ  䠩
   ।,  室  䠩 SALES  ।饣
ࠦ. (    CLEAR BUFFER).  ⠩ 䠩
  GET.  ⮡  䠩 SALES, :
               SQL> GET SALES
                 1  COLUMN ENAME HEADING SALESMAN
                 2  COLUMN SAL HEADING SALARY FORMAT $99,999
                 3  COLUMN COMM HEADING COMMISION FORMAT $99,990
                 4  SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, SAL, COMM
                 5  FROM EMP
                 6* WHERE JOB = 'SAESMAN'

   SQL*PLUS ⠫ ᮤন 䠩 SALES   ७ SQL   SQL 
ᯥ⠫   ࠭. ⥬  ४஢  .  ᫨
䠩  ᮤন  SQL*PLUS,  ᬮ 믮   RUN.

        믮  䠩
    START 롨ࠥ  䠩  믮 ,   
ᮤঠ. ᯮ START  믮  䠩 ᮤঠ饣
 SQL*PLUS,  SQL,  PL/SQL.   START 㪠뢠
 䠩:

        START _䠩

᫨  䠩  ७ SQL,    㪠뢠   䠩.

        ਬ 3-8  믮  䠩
-------
    ⥭  믮  ࠭  䠩 SALES.SQL, :
               SQL> START SALES

       SQL*PLUS 믮   䠩 SALES   १ 
       ନ, ଠ १   ᮮ⢥ᢨ  
       SQL*PLUS  䠩:

           EMPNO SALESMAN     SALARY COMMISSION
       --------- ---------- -------- ----------
            7499 ALLEN        $1,600       $300
            7521 WARD         $1,250       $500
            7654 MARTIN       $1,250     $1,400
            7844 TURNER       $1,500         $0




                                    -- 25 --



       ⮡ ᬮ  "롨ࠥ" SQL*PLUS-,   ⠭
       ६ ECHO  SET  ﭨ ON. ६ ECHO ࠢ
       뢮    䠩, 믮塞   START  
        '@'. ⠭ ଥ ECHO  ﭨ OFF 頥 
       .

        ⠪  ᯮ짮  '@'  ᪠  䠩:

       SQL> @SALES

        '@' ⠥  믮   㪠 
       䠩 ⠪,    START.

        START  '@' ⠢   ᫥  SQL  
       PL/SQL.


        믮   ६  SQL*PLUS
-------
    ⮡ 믮  䠩  ६ ᪠ SQL*PLUS, ᯮ 
 ᫥  ᯮᮡ:

-  ᫥ SQLPLUS ,  , ஫, ஡, @,  䠩:

         SQLPLUS SCOTT/TIGER @SALES

       SQLPLUS   믮  䠩 SALES.

     -  ᫥ SQLPLUS , ஡, @,  䠩:

         SQLPLUS SCOTT @SALES

 SQLPLUS    ஫,  믮  䠩 SALES.
     -   짮⥫ ࢮ ப 䠩.   ᫥ SQLPLUS
        @   䠩. SQLPLUS    ஫, 
       믮  䠩 SALES.

     -   짮⥫,  , ஫ 짮⥫ ࢮ
          ப 䠩.  ᫥ SQLPLUS  @   䠩. SQLPLUS
            믮  䠩 SALES.

  䠩
   ⮡ 믮 ᪮쪮  䠩 , ᭠砫 室
ᮧ  䠩 ᮤঠ騩 ᪮쪮  START  㪠 
᪠ 䠩. ⥬ 믮  䠩 騩  
START. ਬ,  ᮧ ᫥騩  䠩   SALESRPT:
               START Q1SALES
               START Q2SALES
               START Q3SALES
               START Q4SALES
               START YRENDSLS

        䨪  䠩
-------
     䠩  ஢  ᯮᮡ:
                 - ᯮ  EDIT
                 - ᯮ GET,  ।஢ SQL*PLUS,  SAVE


                                    -- 26 --



⮡ ।஢ 騩  䠩    EDIT, 
᫮ EDIT 㪠뢠  䠩. ਬ, ࠢ 䠩 PROFIT 
७ SQL,  ᫥ :

        SQL> EDIT PROFIT

,   EDIT । ७   䠩 SQL, ᫨
  㪠 .

⮡ ।஢ 騩 䠩 ᯮ GET,  ।஢
SQL*PLUS,  SAVE, ᭠砫 ⠩ 䠩   GET, ⥬ ࠢ 
 ।஢ SQL*PLUS,   ࠭   SAVE.

⨬,  ᫨    ᮤন 饣 䠩 
   ,   易 ᫥ SAVE   䠩 㪠 ᫮
REPLACE. ਬ:

SQL> GET MYREPORT
  1* SELECT
   * FROM EMP SQL> C/*/ENAME, JOB 1* SELECT ENAME, JOB
  FROM EMP SQL> SAVE MYREPORT
  REPLACE Wrote file MYREPORT

  ᫨    ᮤন    饣 䠩,
 ᫥ SAVE   䠩 㪠 ᫮ APPEND:

        SQL> SAVE _䠩 APPEND

        室   䠩   
-------
    ᫨   䠩  訡 SQL  ६ 믮  
 䠩 ,    ࢠ 믮  䠩
      .  ⮣ ᯮ  SQL*PLUS
WHENEVER SQLERROR; ᬮ WHENEVER SQLERROR   6.

⠭ 㦥  SQL*PLUS
       ᢮ ந । SQL*PLUS (ਬ 
⥪饥 ६   ᪠ SQL*PLUS)  ⥬ ⭮ ᯮ짮
⠭ ⠭  ᥠ.    ᤥ   䠩
樮 ⥬ LOGIN.SQL ( 뢠 䠩 ࠬ஢ 짮⥫
[profile]).

⠢塞 ORACLE  䠩 DEMOBLD (㦤   1) ᮧ 䠩
LOGIN  襬 ४ਨ. 砫  㤥 , ஬ । DEFINE.

     SQL,  PL/SQL,   SQL*PLUS 
 䠩;   ᪠ SQL*PLUS,  ⮬᪨   䠩 LOGIN
(᭠砫  ⥪饬 ४ਨ, ⥬  ४ ⢮  
[path])  믮  . ( ⠪   䠩 ࠬ஢
"⮯" [Site].   SQL*PLUS   6   䠩
ࠬ஢ 짮⥫  "⮯".)

᫨  ⨫  믮 DEMOBLD,  LOGIN 䠩 㦥  
⥪饬 ४ਨ, DEMOBLD  , ࠭    LOGIN  
 LOGIN.OLD . ᫨   ࠭ ᢮ LOGIN 䠩,  ⢥
'yes',  ⥬ २ LOGIN.OLD  LOGIN.SQL .



                                    -- 27 --



砭    DEMODROP  㤠 䠩 LOGIN;  㤠 ⮫쪮
⠡-ਬ.

䨪      ஢  䠩 LOGIN 筮 ⠪,  
襣 䠩    㣮  䠩.    
LOGIN          ᪮쪮 ᫥   䠩 LOGIN:

               SET COMPATIBILITY  ᫥騥 V5  V6, ⠭
                               ᮢ⨬  㪠 ᨥ ORACLE.
                               ⠭ COMPATIBILITY ࠢ V5 
                               믮  䠩 ᮧ  5-
                               ᨨ ORACLE.

               SET CRT           㪠뢠  CRT SQL*FORMS,
                                믮  SQL*FORMS 
                               RUNFORM  ᠭ CRT.

               SET NUMFORMAT     㪠뢠 ᫮ ଠ (⠪ 
                               $99,999); ⠭ ଠ  㬮砭
                                 ᥫ  १ .

               SET PAGESIZE      㪠뢠 ᫮; ⠭ ᫮
                               ப  ࠭.

               SET PAUSE       ᫥騩 ON, ⠢ SQL*PLUS 
                                । 뢮  ࠭ (SQL*PLUS
                               த 뢮 ᫥  [Return]). 
                                㪠뢠 ⥪,  㤥
                               ᢥ稢  ६ .

               SET TIME        ᫥騩 ON, ⠢ SQL*PLUS 
                               ६ ।   ᪠.

                 SET   6,  뢠   㣨
               ६  SET,    ࠨ  ᢮
               䠩 LOGIN.

ᠭ  ணࠬ 騥  SQL*PLUS  
 䠩 騥   짮⥫:
       - । ६ 짮⥫
        - ⠭ 祭  
        - । 祭   START
        - ᪠   祭

        । ६ 짮⥫
-------
     । ६, 뢠 ६묨 짮⥫, 
୮ ᯮ짮    䠩, ᯮ  SQL*PLUS
DEFINE. ⨬,    ⠪ । ६ 짮⥫ 
ᯮ짮    .

 ਬ 3-9
 । ६ 짮⥫
               ⮡ । ६ 짮⥫ EMPLOEE  ᢮
                祭 "SMITH",  ᫥ :

               SQL> DEFINE EMPLOYEE = SMITH


                                    -- 28 --



                ஢ન ᠭ ६,  DEFINE 
                ६:

               SQL> DEFINE EMPLOYEE

               SQL*PLUS ᯥ⠥ ᠭ:

               DEFINE EMPLOYEE     = "SMITH" (CHAR)

  ⮡ ᯥ ᠭ  ६ 짮⥫,  DEFINE
᫥  ᪠. ⨬,  ६  । 
 DEFINE,  祭 CHAR.   । ६
짮⥫  ⨯ NUMBER    ACCEPT.  ACCEPT
뢠   ⮩ .

 㤠 ६ ᯮ  SQL*PLUS UNDEFINE  㪠
 ६.


        ᯮ짮 ६  ⠭
-------
।,       SALES ( ਬ 3-6) 
  㦠  ࠧ묨 ﬨ,  ⮫쪮 த殢 (SALESMAN).  
 ᤥ   祭 CHAR  㧥 WHERE,  ࠧ,  
믮 ,   .

ᯮ ६ ⠭  祭 SALESMAN   㧥 WHERE,
  ⥦ १,    稫  १ 㪠
祭  ᠬ .

⠭筠 ६-   ६ 짮⥫  ।騬 
   ᠭ (&).  SQL*PLUS  砥 ⠭ 
६  ,  믮  ⠪,    ᮤন 祭 
⠭筮 ६,   ᠬ ६.

ਬ, ᫨ ६ SORTCOL  祭 JOB,  ६ MYTABLE
 祭 EMP, SQL*PLUS 믮 

SQL> BREAK ON &SORTCOL
SQL> SELECT &SORTCOL, SAL
  2  FROM &MYTABLE
  3  ORDER BY &SORTCOL;

⠪  

SQL> BREAK ON JOB
SQL> SELECT JOB, SAL
  2  FROM EMP
  3  ORDER BY JOB;

( BREAK 頥 㡫஢ 祭     
६ SORTCOL; BREAK 뢠   4.)

           ᯮ짮 ६ ⠭
-------
    ࠢ ᯮ짮 ६ ⠭    
 SQL*PLUS  SQL, ᪫ ࢮ ᫮  ᫥ 
᪠.  SQL*PLUS 砥 । ६ ⠭ 

                                    -- 29 --



,       祭.   ᪮쪮
ப ᫥ ᪠,  ப ᮤঠ騥 ஡  㭪樨. 
 SQL, ᮤঠ 뫪,   窨  ६,  
 砥  㤠, 짮⥫     .

SQL*PLUS ⠥  ⢥  ,  ᫨  ७ࠢ ନ
   뢮  䠩. ᫨ ନ  (᫨, ਬ,  믮
  䠩  ⭮ ०), SQL*PLUS ᯮ ७祭
䠩.

᫥  祭, SQL*PLUS ⠥ ப ᮤঠ ⠭
६ :  ࠧ  ⠭,  㣮- ᫥ ⠭.
      ⠭ ६ VERIFY (OFF) 
SET.

 ਬ 3-10
 ᯮ짮   䠩   STATS,  ᯮ짮
 ६     ᫥ ⨪  㯯 (ᨬ쭮
 ⠭   祭)  ஢ :

               SQL> CLEAR BUFFER
               SQL> INPUT
                 1   SELECT &GROUP_COL,
                 2          MAX(&NUMBER_COL) MAXIMUM
                 3   FROM   &TABLE
                 4   GROUP BY &GROUP_COL
                 5
               SQL> SAVE STATS
               Created file STATS

                믮  䠩 STATS  ⢥   :

               SQL> @STATS
               Enter value for group_col: JOB
               old   1: SELECT  &GROUP_COL,
               new   1: SELECT  JOB,
               Enter value for number_col: SAL
               old   2:          MAX(&NUMBER_COL) MAXIMUM
               new   2:          MAX(SAL) MAXIMUM
               Enter value for table: EMP
               old   3: FROM     &TABLE
               new   3: FROM     EMP
               Enter value for group_col: JOB
               old   4: GROUP BY &GROUP_COL
               new   4: GROUP BY JOB

               SQL*PLUS 뢥 ᫥饥:

               JOB        MAXIMUM
               ---------- ---------
               ANALYST       3000
               CLERK         1300
               MANAGER       2975
               PRESIDENT     5000
               SALESMAN      1600




                                    -- 30 --



       ᫨    ᨬ ।⢥ ᫥ ⠭筮 
       ६, ᯮ   ࠧ ६  ᨬ. 
       ਬ:
               SQL> SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO='&X.01';
               Enter value for X:  123

                㤥 ஢ ⠪:

               SQL> SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE EMPNO='12301';

࠭
易⥫쭮 ।  ⥫  䠩 STATS, ⮡ 
᪠   , 㬬  । '᫮' .  SQL*PLUS
 祭    祭  GROUP_COL,   ࠧ 
               NUMBER_COL  ਬ 3-10, । ⨬ ६묨 ⮨  
ᠭ. ᫨      㭪樨- ᯮ  ᠭ-  
 䠩, SQL*PLUS ॡ   5- ࠧ   ᫮ 
.

   ୮   㯯  ᫮   
 ᮥ ண ᠭ । GROUP_COL  NUMBER_COL  䠩 
STATS. SQL*PLUS ⮬᪨ । ⠭ ६   
ᠭ,   ᤥ ⮣  ६   ᠭ.  
ࠧ,  SQL*PLUS 砥 ⠭ ६  祭 ᥠ 
  ࠧ, SQL*PLUS ᯮ 㦥 । 祭  ६ 
  ᠭ,    祭  ६   
ᠭ.   ⠪  ᫨   믮 䠩  
ࠧ ⠡  ⥬  祭ﬨ GROUP_COL  NUMBER_COL.

 ਬ 3-11   ⮡   䠩 STATS   
 ᯮ짮 ᠭ,  ⥬ 믮 䠩, ᭠砫  뢮
            ᫥ ⠭: ᠭ
               SQL> SET VERIFY OFF

                ⠥  ।㥬 STATS,  ᫥ :

               SQL> GET STATS
                 1   SELECT &GROUP_COL,
                 2          MAX(&NUMBER_COL) MAXIMUM
                 3   FROM   &TABLE
                 4   GROUP BY &GROUP_COL
               SQL> 2
                 2*  MAX(&NUMBER_COL) MAXIMUM
               SQL> APPEND ,
                 2*  MAX(&NUMBER_COL) MAXIMUM,
               SQL> C /&/&&
                 2*  MAX(&&NUMBER_COL) MAXIMUM,
               SQL> I
                 3i  MIN(&&NUMBER_COL) MINIMUM,
                 4i  SUM(&&NUMBER_COL) TOTAL,
                 5i  AVG(&&NUMBER_COL) AVERAGE
                 6i
               SQL> 1
                 1*  SELECT &GROUP_COL,
               SQL> C /&/&&
                 1*  SELECT &&GROUP_COL,
               SQL> 7
                 7*  GROUP BY &GROUP_COL

                                    -- 31 --



               SQL> C /&/&&
                 7*  GROUP BY &&GROUP_COL
               SQL> SAVE STATS2
               created file STATS2

                , 믮  䠩 STATS2:

               SQL> START STATS2
               Enter value for group_col: JOB
               Enter value for number_col: SAL
               Enter value for table: EMP

               SQL*PLUS 뢥 ᫥饥

               JOB           MAXIMUM    MINIMUM      TOTAL
               AVERAGE
               ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
               ANALYST          3000       3000       6000
               3000
               CLERK            1300        800       4150
               1037.5
               MANAGER          2975       2450       8275
               2758.3333
               PRESIDENT        5000       5000       5000
               5000
               SALESMAN         1600       1250       5600
               1400

              ⨬,  ᪠   祭 NUMBER_COL  GROUP_COL
                ⮫쪮  ࠧ.  ᫨  祭  ᥠ 
               ᭮ 믮 STATS2,    祭 ⮫쪮
                TABLE (⮬,     ⮨ ⮫쪮  ᠭ
                ६ ⮬  ),   ६
               NUMBER_COL  GROUP_COL   ॡ (⠪  । 
                ⮨  ᠭ, ⮬  ).

               । ⥬  த ⠭ ⥬ ६
               VERIFY ⭮  ﭨ ON:

               SQL> SET VERIFY ON

        ࠭祭
-------
      ᯮ짮 ⠭ ६   ।஢- 
  (APPEND, CHANGE, DEL, INPUT)   㣨 ,  ⠭ 
祣  砥 (⠪  REMARK  TIMING).   ।஢ 
, APPEND, CHANGE, DEL, INPUT, ࠡ뢠 ⥪ 稭騩  "&"  
"&&" 㪢쭮,    ⥪⮢ ப.

⥬      騥 ⥬ ६, ।塞  SET,
६       ६ ⠭:

      SET SCAN       祭/몫祭 ⠭

      SET DEFINE   । ᨬ ⠭ ( 㬮砭 "&")




                                    -- 32 --



      SET ESCAPE    । ᨬ ४祭 (ESC),  
                         ᯮ짮 । ᨬ ⠭.  ESC 㪠
                 SQL*PLUS  ,  ᨬ ⠭  ਭ 
                  ᨬ.  㬮砭 ESC  ⭠ 
                 (\).

      SET VERIFY ON  ⠥  ப  䠩   ᫥
                     ⠭.

      SET CONCAT     । ᨬ,  ࠧ  ⠭筮
                     ६  ࠬ  㣮 ⥪, 
                     ᫥ ।⢥  ६  ࠬ஬- 
                     㬮砭  窠 (.).
        ஡ ଠ樥 頩   6.

        । ࠬ஢   START
-------
   ᪠   ᮮ⢥ 祭  ⠭
६ ।⢮ । 祭 १ ࠬ  䠩
१  START.

  ᤥ  ⨢ ᠭ  ᫥騬 ᫮  
䠩  ⠭筮 ६.  ࠧ,   㤥 믮
 䠩, START 頥  &1  䠩  ࢮ 祭
(뢠 㬥⮬) ᫥ START _䠩, ⥬ 頥  &2 
ன 㬥,  ⠪ .

ਬ,      ᫥騥    䠩
MYFILE:

SELECT * FROM EMP
WHERE JOB='&1'
AND SAL=&2

  START ⠢ SQL*PLUS  &1  CLERK  &2  7900
  䠩 MYFILE:

        SQL> START MYFILE CLERK 7900

  ᯮ 㬥   START, SQL*PLUS 뢠 
ࠬ   䠩  祭 ᮮ⢥饣 㬥.

ਬ 3-12     ᮧ   䠩   SALES, 
।       ਭ ࠬ  job, :
ࠬ஢ 
 START  SQL> GET SALES

                 1  COLUMN ENAME HEADING SALESMAN
                 2  COLUMN SAL HEADING SALARY FORMAT $99,999
                 3  COLUMN COMM HEADING COMMISION FORMAT $99,990
                 4  SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, SAL, COMM
                 5  FROM EMP
                 6* WHERE JOB = 'SALESMAN'
               SQL> CHANGE /SALESMAN/&1
                 6* WHERE JOB = '&1'
               SQL> 1
                 1* COLUMN ENAME HEADING SALESMAN
               SQL> CHANGE /SALESMAN/&1

                                    -- 33 --



                 1* COLUMN ENAME HEADING &1
               SQL> SAVE ONEJOB
               Created file ONEJOB

                믮  䠩  ࠬ஬ CLERK.

               SQL> START ONEJOB CLERK

               SQL*PLUS ᯥ⠥ ப   SQL,  ᮤন
               ࠬ,   ᫥ 饭 ࠬ,  ⥬ 뢥
               १:

               old   3: WHERE JOB = '&1'
               new   3: WHERE JOB = 'CLERK'

                    EMPNO CLERK         SALARY COMMISION
               ---------- ---------- --------- ---------
                     7369 SMITH           $800
                     7876 ADAMS         $1,100
                     7900 JAMES           $950
                     7934 MILLER        $1,300

                 ᯮ짮 ᪮쪮 ࠬ஢   䠩.
                 䠩  ᯮ짮  ࠬ 
               ,    ࠬ   ᫥⥫쭮.

               ⨬,   ᯮ짮 ࠬ,  
               믮   RUN    (/).  ⮣
               室     䠩  믮 
                START.

                ⮣  த,   ENAME 
               ࢮ砫 :

               SQL> COLUMN ENAME CLEAR

          짮⥫
-------
     SQL*PLUS-PROMPT, ACCEPT, PAUSE-     -
 짮⥫.    뫠 ᮮ饭  ਭ
   짮⥫,   ⮥ ⨥ [Return].  ⠪ -
 ᯮ짮 PROMPT  ACCEPT   ᪠   祭,
 ⮬᪨  SQL*PLUS  ⠭ ६.

        ᪠  
-------
祭    ᯮ PROMPT  ACCEPT,  뫠 ᮮ饭 ६
짮⥫  ਭ   .  PROMPT  짮⥫ 뢮
㪠  ᮮ饭  ࠭; ᯮ    ।
権  ଠ樨 짮⥫. ACCEPT 뤠 ᪠ 짮⥫
  祭     㪠 ६ 짮⥫.
ᯮ PROMPT ᮢ⭮  ACCEPT,   ᪠ ᮤন 
 ப.

 ਬ 3-13   ⮡ ਪ 짮⥫   ࠯ 
 ᪠      祭  ६ MYTITLE  ਥ
    쭥襣 ᯮ짮, ᭠砫 ⨬ :


                                    -- 34 --



               SQL> CLEAR BUFFER

               ⥬ ᮧ  䠩:

               SQL> INPUT
                 1  PROMPT   ( 30 ᨬ)
                 2  ACCEPT MYTITLE PROMPT ':  '
                 3  TTITLE CENTER MYTITLE SKIP 2
                 4  SELECT * FROM DEPT
                 5
               SQL> SAVE PROMPT1
               Created file PROMPT1

 TTITLE ⠭ 砫 (孨)   襣 .
஡   4.

, 믮  䠩, ⢥⨢  ᪠   ,
  :

SQL> START PROMPT1   ( 30 ᨬ) : Departament
Report as of 1/1/89

       SQL*PLUS 뢥 ᫥饥:  Departament Report as of 1/1/89
           DEPTNO DNAME        LOC
       ---------- ------------ ------------
              10 ACCOUNTING   NEW YORK
              20 RESEARCH     DALLAS
              30 SALES        CHICAGO
              40 OPERATIONS   BOSTON

       । ⥬  த, 몫  TTITLE,   :
       SQL> TTITLE OFF

 ᪠
  祭
⠭筮 ᫨    ᪠   祭
६          ⠭筮 ६, ᯮ ᮢ⭮ 
               PROMPT  ACCEPT   .

ਬ 3-14          㢨  ਬ 3-13, SQL*PLUS ⮬᪨
⭮          ᪠   祭,  ᯮ
ᯮ짮      ६ ⠭.     ᪠,
PROMPT  ACCEPT    稢   䠩 PROMPT  ACCEPT   ᮬ,
 ६      뫠  ६ ⠭.  ⮡ ᮧ
⠭        ⠪ 䠩,  ᫥騥 :

               SQL> CLEAR BUFFER
               buffer cleared
               SQL> INPUT
                 1  PROMPT Enter a valid employee number
                 2  PROMPT For example: 7123, 7456, 7890
                 3  ACCEPT ENUMBER NUMBER PROMPT 'Emp. no.:'
                 4  SELECT ENAME, MGR, JOB, SAL
                 5  FROM EMP
                 6  WHERE EMPNO = &ENUMBER
                 7
               SQL> SAVE PROMPT2
               Created file PROMPT2

                                    -- 35 --



               ⥬, 믮  䠩. SQL*PLUS 뤠  ᪠ 
                 祭 ENUMBER, ᯮ 㪠  ⥪  
               PROMPT  ACCEPT:

               SQL> STERT PROMPT2
               Enter a valid employee number
               For example: 7123, 7456, 7890
               Emp. no.:

               ⠩  ᨬ   ᫥ ᪠ 
               "Emp.no.:" :

               Emp. no.:  ONE
               "ONE"  is not a valid number
               Emp. no.:

                  㪠 NUMBER ᫥  ६   
               ACCEPT, SQL*PLUS  ਬ -஢ 祭.   
               ᫮:

               Emp. no.:  7521
               old   3: WHERE EMPNO = &ENUMBER
               new   3: WHERE EMPNO =      7521

               SQL*PLUS 뢥 ᫥騥 १:

               ENAME             MGR JOB              SALARY
               ---------- ---------- ------------ ----------
               WARD           7698 SALESMAN         $1,250

뫪 ᮮ饭
 ਥ [Return]  ᫨   뢥 ᮮ饭  ࠭ 짮⥫, 
 ⢥   ⮡ ᫥ ⥭ ᮮ饭 짮⥫  [Return],
                  ᯮ  PAUSE. ਬ,   ᫥騥
                  ப   䠩:

               PROMPT Before continue, make shure you have your
               acount card
               PAUSE Press RETURN to continue.

               ᫨ ᮮ饭, ஥   뢥, 頥   
               ப,  PROMPT  .

⪠ ࠭ ᫨  室  ࠭  뢮  (  
                室),   SQL*PLUS CLEAR   ࠬ஬ 
               SCREEN  ᮮ⢥饥   䠩,  ᫥饬 
               ଠ:
               CLEAR SCREEN

               । 室  ᫥饩 , ⠭ ଠ  
                   砫쭮 ﭨ   ᫥饩 
               :

               SQL> CLEAR COLUMNS





                                    -- 36 --
